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中国最新航母舰载机或亮相:不怕隐形战机,专克宙斯盾舰
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Topic: 中国最新航母舰载机或亮相:不怕隐形战机,专克宙斯盾舰 (Read 72 times)
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中国最新航母舰载机或亮相:不怕隐形战机,专克宙斯盾舰
January 09, 2018, 07:32:51 AM
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从2016年开始,国内军事论坛一直传闻,我国首款航母舰载战斗机歼-15将出现多种全新型号。其中,弹射型歼-15已经亮相,改装了相控阵雷达的歼-15B型战机也有成功首飞消息出现。最近,这些改进型号中堪称战斗力最强的一款——歼-15D电子战专用攻击机,终于有好消息传来。相关军事论坛消息称,歼-15D电子战攻击机最快有望在近期首飞。对此,国内军事论坛也发布了相关图片作为旁证。
歼-15舰载战斗机的一种改进型号。感谢作者。
歼-15绰号“飞鲨”,电子战专用型则被称为“咆哮鲨”。
消息透露,为了加快研发进度,歼-15D电子战飞机采用了歼-15的机体,继承了后者的大部分设备和武器。同时,中国空军首款电子战专用飞机歼-16D的电战设备和武器,被移植到了歼-15D上。或者也可以这样说,歼-16D和歼-15D共同采用的电子战设备武器本身就属通用型,可模块化移植安装。
歼-16D电子战飞机目前的进度要比歼-15D快不少,已经有数架原型机在试飞。与歼-16多用途战机相比,歼-16D移除了光电红外搜索跟踪感应器和机炮,以使机身容纳更多的电子装置。另外,机身周围还装有数根天线。歼-16D翼尖处装有两个巨大的电子压制/干扰荚舱,与E/A-18G“咆哮者”电子战攻击机上的装置类似。此外,歼-16D的雷达罩更小,可能包含一个经过改进的,不同于歼-16的有源相控阵雷达,可用于进行电子战,如接收和干扰信号等。歼-16D还将安装巨大的有源电子扫描阵列干扰吊舱,推测是目前歼轰-7A战斗轰炸机上电子战吊舱的一种改进型号。
歼-16D电战机从外观来看,最显著特征就是翼尖的电子战荚舱。
歼-16D和歼-15D电战飞机的主要参照对象就是美国海军的E/A-18G“咆哮者”电战飞机。“咆哮者”既是当今战斗力最强的电子干扰飞机,又是电子干扰能力最强的战斗机,它曾运用强大的电子干扰能力,在美军的一次军演中,出人意料的击落了四代隐形战机F-22,因此获得“F-22杀手”的称号。
作为一型航母舰载机,E/A-18G飞机主要的打击对象是航母、驱逐舰、护卫舰等水面主战舰艇的大型舰载雷达。理论上来说,美国海军“阿利•伯克”级导弹驱逐舰装备的“宙斯盾”雷达,就是其很好的攻击对象。因为这些雷达同时也是巨大的电子信号发射源,对于E/A-18G来说,那简直是黑夜里的探照灯,想不发现都难。此外,空军和海军型电子战飞机的主要攻击目标就是舰载、地面雷达等防空预警探测装备。
E/A-18G“咆哮者”电战飞机。
鉴于我国近年来在机载雷达等主战电子装备方面取得的巨大进步,预计歼-15D与歼-16D飞机采用的机载雷达、电子战天线,外挂电子战吊舱等电战专用装备,性能会与E/A-18G飞机持平,甚至很可能会有所超越。因此单从即将首飞的歼-15D飞机来说,其应该是用于专门对付装备“宙斯盾”雷达的导弹巡洋舰、驱逐舰等航母群属舰,也具备主动发出电子干扰压制敌军防空预警网络,掩护歼-15舰载战斗机群打击敌水面战舰编队的能力。
如果有了歼-15D电战机的加入,那么中国海军现有辽宁舰航母编队将在一定程度上具备对抗F-35B/C舰载隐形战机的能力。因为歼-15D可以主动发起大规模电子压制攻击,使F-35B/C舰载隐形战机也失去稳定的雷达扫描和跟踪能力。这样,很可能歼-15舰载战斗机有机会与F-35B/C进入近距格斗距离,双方此时的雷达探测能力可能就在同一水平线上了。
分别挂载了反舰导弹、空空导弹的两架歼-15舰载战机。
对于中国海军航空母舰部队来说,在未来相当长一段时间内可能不会拥有舰载隐形战斗机,至少目前都没有正式立项的消息传出。那么,尽快研制成功歼-15D专用电子战攻击机,对于对抗搭载F-35B/C舰载隐形战机的核动力航母打击群、两栖攻击舰打击群等,仍然有较高的实战价值。由于机体是现成的,机载电子战设备也是通用的,所以歼-15D飞机的研制周期可望尽量缩短。到2020年前后,大连船厂建造的002国产航母服役时,歼-15D飞机正式装备是大概率的事情。
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