Thanks, indeed. Here's how I did that:
copy-paste
http://sourceforge.net/projects/bitcoin/files/Bitcoin/bitcoin-0.8.5/SHA256SUMS.asc/view into some text file, in my case I called it bitcoin-0.8.5-linux.tar.gz.sig (I wish I could just use wget), then run this:
$ gpg --verify bitcoin-0.8.5-linux.tar.gz.sig
gpg: Signature made pią, 13 wrz 2013, 02:27:02 CEST using RSA key ID 1FC730C1
gpg: requesting key 1FC730C1 from hkp server subkeys.pgp.net
gpg: key 1FC730C1: public key "Gavin Andresen (CODE SIGNING KEY) <gavinandresen@gmail.com>" imported
gpg: 5 marginal(s) needed, 2 complete(s) needed, classic trust model
gpg: depth: 0 valid: 2 signed: 2 trust: 0-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 2u
gpg: depth: 1 valid: 2 signed: 1 trust: 2-, 0q, 0n, 0m, 0f, 0u
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg: imported: 1 (RSA: 1)
gpg: Good signature from "Gavin Andresen (CODE SIGNING KEY) <gavinandresen@gmail.com>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: 2664 6D99 CBAE C9B8 1982 EF60 29D9 EE6B 1FC7 30C1
Looks OK.
Then compare that with
$ sha256sum bitcoin-0.8.5-linux.tar.gz
84543f10de5e82ce6e88dd5a501db37c6327edf79a2a04f29199c24843e71f63 bitcoin-0.8.5-linux.tar.gz
So I think that with litecoin it is much simpler. Just look in my opening post - it was a three liner for litecoin. Here I must copy paste, manually download from website, and perform a comparison of sha256sum written in the text file (likely with grep & copy-paste). With litecoin it was just two times wget, and one gpg call.