Hello,
I could do with a little help understanding the final stage for me in a great learning experiment regarding bitcoin and altcoins I have been doing in my spare time.
Before bitcoin I had never used Linux, was a windows user through and through but have switched over and taught myself a lot and enjoyed the whole learning experience. So please be gentle with me for failing to be able to complete this task on my own.
Trying to build a binary for myself on linux (ubuntu) that will work on other linux installs without having to install the dependenciesI have installed the dependencies on ubuntu. Now when I build I need to pass the Static flag in correct? but I seem to not understand how to declare this correctly
I am all for learning so please feel free to expand on things that are important areas to understand for me... or tell me where I am being a fool and making a meal out of something.
Here is the sample makefile I have
# Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
# Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
# file license.txt or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
USE_UPNP:=0
DEFS=-DUSE_IPV6 -DBOOST_SPIRIT_THREADSAFE
DEFS += $(addprefix -I,$(CURDIR) $(CURDIR)/obj $(BOOST_INCLUDE_PATH) $(BDB_INCLUDE_PATH) $(OPENSSL_INCLUDE_PATH))
LIBS = $(addprefix -L,$(BOOST_LIB_PATH) $(BDB_LIB_PATH) $(OPENSSL_LIB_PATH))
TESTDEFS = -DTEST_DATA_DIR=$(abspath test/data)
LMODE = dynamic
LMODE2 = dynamic
ifdef STATIC
LMODE = static
ifeq (${STATIC}, all)
LMODE2 = static
endif
else
TESTDEFS += -DBOOST_TEST_DYN_LINK
endif
# for boost 1.37, add -mt to the boost libraries
LIBS += \
-Wl,-B$(LMODE) \
-l boost_system$(BOOST_LIB_SUFFIX) \
-l boost_filesystem$(BOOST_LIB_SUFFIX) \
-l boost_program_options$(BOOST_LIB_SUFFIX) \
-l boost_thread$(BOOST_LIB_SUFFIX) \
-l db_cxx$(BDB_LIB_SUFFIX) \
-l ssl \
-l crypto
ifndef USE_UPNP
override USE_UPNP = -
endif
ifneq (${USE_UPNP}, -)
LIBS += -l miniupnpc
DEFS += -DUSE_UPNP=$(USE_UPNP)
endif
LIBS+= \
-Wl,-B$(LMODE2) \
-l z \
-l dl \
-l pthread
# Hardening
# Make some classes of vulnerabilities unexploitable in case one is discovered.
#
# This is a workaround for Ubuntu bug #691722, the default -fstack-protector causes
# -fstack-protector-all to be ignored unless -fno-stack-protector is used first.
# see: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gcc-4.5/+bug/691722
HARDENING=-fno-stack-protector
# Stack Canaries
# Put numbers at the beginning of each stack frame and check that they are the same.
# If a stack buffer if overflowed, it writes over the canary number and then on return
# when that number is checked, it won't be the same and the program will exit with
# a "Stack smashing detected" error instead of being exploited.
HARDENING+=-fstack-protector-all -Wstack-protector
# Make some important things such as the global offset table read only as soon as
# the dynamic linker is finished building it. This will prevent overwriting of addresses
# which would later be jumped to.
LDHARDENING+=-Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now
# Build position independent code to take advantage of Address Space Layout Randomization
# offered by some kernels.
# see doc/build-unix.txt for more information.
ifdef PIE
HARDENING+=-fPIE
LDHARDENING+=-pie
endif
# -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 does some checking for potentially exploitable code patterns in
# the source such overflowing a statically defined buffer.
HARDENING+=-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
#
DEBUGFLAGS=-g
# CXXFLAGS can be specified on the make command line, so we use xCXXFLAGS that only
# adds some defaults in front. Unfortunately, CXXFLAGS=... $(CXXFLAGS) does not work.
xCXXFLAGS=-O2 -pthread -Wall -Wextra -Wformat -Wformat-security -Wno-unused-parameter \
$(DEBUGFLAGS) $(DEFS) $(HARDENING) $(CXXFLAGS)
# LDFLAGS can be specified on the make command line, so we use xLDFLAGS that only
# adds some defaults in front. Unfortunately, LDFLAGS=... $(LDFLAGS) does not work.
xLDFLAGS=$(LDHARDENING) $(LDFLAGS)
OBJS= \
obj/version.o \
obj/checkpoints.o \
obj/netbase.o \
obj/addrman.o \
obj/crypter.o \
obj/key.o \
obj/db.o \
obj/init.o \
obj/irc.o \
obj/keystore.o \
obj/main.o \
obj/net.o \
obj/protocol.o \
obj/bitcoinrpc.o \
obj/rpcdump.o \
obj/rpcnet.o \
obj/rpcrawtransaction.o \
obj/script.o \
obj/scrypt.o \
obj/sync.o \
obj/util.o \
obj/wallet.o \
obj/walletdb.o \
obj/noui.o
all: Hrankd
# auto-generated dependencies:
-include obj/*.P
-include obj-test/*.P
obj/scrypt.o: scrypt.c
gcc -c -o $@ $^
obj/build.h: FORCE
/bin/sh ../share/genbuild.sh obj/build.h
version.cpp: obj/build.h
DEFS += -DHAVE_BUILD_INFO
obj/%.o: %.cpp
$(CXX) -c $(xCXXFLAGS) -MMD -MF $(@:%.o=%.d) -o $@ $<
@cp $(@:%.o=%.d) $(@:%.o=%.P); \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(@:%.o=%.d) >> $(@:%.o=%.P); \
rm -f $(@:%.o=%.d)
Hrankd: $(OBJS:obj/%=obj/%)
$(CXX) $(xCXXFLAGS) -o $@ $^ $(xLDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
TESTOBJS := $(patsubst test/%.cpp,obj-test/%.o,$(wildcard test/*.cpp))
obj-test/%.o: test/%.cpp
$(CXX) -c $(TESTDEFS) $(xCXXFLAGS) -MMD -MF $(@:%.o=%.d) -o $@ $<
@cp $(@:%.o=%.d) $(@:%.o=%.P); \
sed -e 's/#.*//' -e 's/^[^:]*: *//' -e 's/ *\\$$//' \
-e '/^$$/ d' -e 's/$$/ :/' < $(@:%.o=%.d) >> $(@:%.o=%.P); \
rm -f $(@:%.o=%.d)
test_Hrankd: $(TESTOBJS) $(filter-out obj/init.o,$(OBJS:obj/%=obj/%))
$(CXX) $(xCXXFLAGS) -o $@ $(LIBPATHS) $^ -Wl,-B$(LMODE) -lboost_unit_test_framework $(xLDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
clean:
-rm -f Hrankd test_Hrankd
-rm -f obj/*.o
-rm -f obj-test/*.o
-rm -f obj/*.P
-rm -f obj-test/*.P
-rm -f src/build.h
FORCE:
Now it all works when building a dynamic library ... however changing in the makefile
LMODE=static
LMODE2=static
it errors.. I am investigating this error cannot find -lgcc_s
Rather than changing in the makefile as well the values for LMODE, can I not pass this in on my make -f makefile.unix command?
Many thanks for your help and for reading, if you want more info or code etc just ask sorry I am not as experienced as many others and I am completely self taught so there may be some alarming gaps in my knowledge.
FuzzyBear
