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Topic: pow小知识 (Read 77 times)
water8898
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pow小知识
April 01, 2018, 05:17:49 AM
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glacier_blue
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#1
1. 工作量证明
撇开所有技术层面单从安全性角度来说,工作量证明机制其实就只做了一件事情:延缓新区块的创建过程。这个道理其实很简单:由于哈希值会跟随区块一起被创建,所以只要延长了新区块的创建过程,就等于是在延长哈希值的生成过程。
就目前的比特币系统来说,一个新区块到最后能在区块链中被使用,大概需要10分钟左右的时间。也就是说,自从有了工作量证明机制,你重新生成一个哈希值的时间将会从大概0.001秒被延长到10分钟。生成一万个大概需要1600多小时,差不多69天。更重要的是,比特币系统已经安全稳定的运行了快10年,至少已经创建出了几十万个区块。想通过生成哈希值这个方法来篡改数据,已经非常困难了。就现在的信息技术能力,你可能一个区块都还没篡改完就已经被发现扼杀在摇篮里了。这也是目前区块链最核心的防篡改机制
glacier_blue
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Re: pow小知识
April 01, 2018, 05:18:39 AM
#2
感觉不够详细啊
water8898
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Re: pow小知识
April 01, 2018, 05:20:02 AM
#3
除此之外,区块链还有第二道防线,就是在《神奇的解决方案》中我所提到的:全民记账功能。也称:点对点记账技术。还记得我在《基础特性》篇中我所提到的P2P技术吗?它在全民记账中发挥着非常重要的作用。它让每个正在使用比特币系统的用户都能作为一个新节点加入到记账行列。每个新加入的用户都能获得一份完整的比特币系统账本,从此拥有对该账本的核实权。也就是说,比特币系统从此又多了一双雪亮的眼睛。
之前我们有说到过,区块链其实就是一个大账本。那每个新生成的区块就是这个大账本中全新的一页。当每个新区块被创建后,都会同步发给所有人。然后大家再各自对这个新区块进行验证,先确保其中的数据都彼此一模一样没被篡改过,在将该区块加入到自己的区块链上,也就是自己的小账本中。
当然,记账的整个过程都会由系统自动完成,如果这都需要你人工审核,那这跟传统的记账方式没什么区别,还需要区块链做什么?所以在区块链的世界,你只要选择是否加入记账行列就行了,剩下的它全都会帮你做掉。因此,记账速度也会有质的飞跃,人力成本也会大大降低。
值得一提的是,比特币系统还规定,你想修改数据?可以!但至少得征得51%的记账人同意,也就是说,起码你得说服系统中一半以上的人。而这又是一个不可能完成的任务,记账人肯定不会轻易与你为伍,除非你有超强的黑客能力,能攻破并掌控51%的记账计算机(系统中的记账节点),不然还是别想了。可谓是一环紧扣着一环。可见区块链的安全系数高自有它的原因。在下一期的文章中,我会为大家继续解密:工作量证明机制是如何做到延缓区块创建的,敬请期待。
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