Unfortunately I am renting at the moment - so its probably safe to assume that rewiring the dryer outlet is not an option. But if I understand correctly there are PDU's available that would fit my needs - but they are just hard to find and expensive?
If a PSU is rated for 240VAC than is it correct to assume that it should be fine?
Yes but it isn't going to use the type of plug which fits that outlet. That outlet is designed for appliances which need both 120V and 240V. You only need 240V, any 240V PDU is going to use a NEMA 6 type plug or outlet. The outlet from what you describe is NEMA 14 series. Rewiring an outlet really isn't that complex but I guess another option would be to try and either build or buy an adapter cord.