I know that's the "replace" in RBF, but I'm not sure what happens when you abandon+resend, as opposed to just using "increase".
Abandon simply marks the transaction as abandoned in YOUR wallet and drops it from your local mempool.
The end result being that your wallet will "free up" the coins internally and allow you to re-spend them. However, it has NO effect on other nodes or their mempools. So, there is no guarantee that you will in fact be able to re-spend those coins, as most nodes are likely to reject any new transaction as a conflicting "double-spend". Especially since the default "mempool expiry" time was pushed out to 14 days. Obviously, if the mempool expiry time has passed and the node has already dropped your old transaction, then it should accept your new one.
Without RBF (Abandon/Resend):
A node sees your new transaction, identifies it as a "double-spend" and rejects it/refuses to relay it. Your original low-fee transaction remains in the node's mempool
With RBF:
A node sees your new transaction, identifies it as an "RBF", drops the original low-fee transaction and replaces is with your new higher-fee transaction.
It's always a surprise how incomplete Core's GUI is after all these years.
I always get the feeling that the focus is on implementing features and bugfixes within bitcoind. Whether or not BitcoinQt is able to utilise these features is a different kettle of fish.