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I think that there is one exchange specifically contributing to manipulative behavior due to all its tools and features, and that exchange is called BitMEX. This exchange alone has a $2.6 billion 24h BTC/USD volume.
If we look at the volumes of the other large exchanges, then there are only a few exchanges having a 24h volume of around $200 million. The rest all have volumes far below that. It's quite an interesting development.
Not that long ago BitMEXs 24h volume even exceeded the $5 billion mark.
I also suspect that BitMEX is one of the exchanges where manipulation is rampant.
If you haven´t seen this Medium article, you should definitely take a look at it:
https://medium.com/@mattcollburner/bitmex-insiders-caught-in-a-web-of-lies-6d9b90baa693Of course this could be FUD, but it seems very shady to me if a subsidiary of BitMEX is
trading on the same platform that the retail customers use (this opens up all
kind of possible scams like frontrunning, hunting stops and so on).