Nice, but not new ideas.
Here's the most recent thread on "fraud proofs":
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=137933.0.
For "partial verification", we'd need TXO commitments by miners. Mark Friedenbach (maaku) recently implemented authenticated prefix trees for this, and Peter Todd has proposed an alternative data structure -- a so called Merkle mountain range (MMR) -- that may be more efficient.
Can you clarify what you mean by "TXO commitments"? Can't we just have SPV clients do spot-checks (including tracing back to when the coin was generated) and if they find an invaild tx they send a invaild_alert(txhash) type alert?
SPV wallets already work the way you suggest. I first proposed Bloom filters in 2011 and they were implemented and launched at the start of 2013. These wallets (multibit/android/hive etc) already download the headers from the p2p network too.
So good thinking but I'd suggest doing more research before proposing other ideas that were already implemented years ago
Well that is embarrassing... I looked at the only SPV wallet that doesn't use a p2p network (electrum). When I mentioned merkle hashes I believe I was suggesting using them in a different way than currently but I could be wrong. Also, you didn't mention my "partial verification" idea (turns out someone stole it first, not maybe I can't call it
my idea
), my understanding is that has not been implemented (feel free to correct me).