Oooh lots of things
A few things off the top of my head:
A lot more crafting tools, such as the woodworking bench and anvil, and these have a new interface (must revamp the cooking pot soon!).
You can build shops staffed by NPCs that can sell your things on your behalf for Bitcoin or GP
You can buy things from anywhere using the Magpie Network: you set what price you want to pay and whenever anyone wants to sell that item at that price you will automatically buy it and have it delivered to your house.
Pets, cows at the moment - you can breed them and produce special offspring. It's through this that people have made Bitcoin recently.
You can change your house appearance and rename it, build fences. New resources such as Iron ore, coal, water, hemp fibre, and lots of new items.
A mini-map that fills itself in as you explore the world.
Thanks for playing