Well, if you're asking a simple person like me, then I'd say that both loans and debts are the same. It just a fancy term.for the same beast. Much like lease and rent. Both the same bit one is seen on contracts the other on a sign board. Either way, someone will make a good distinction between the two.
Based on my understanding loan is specific and that is borrowing money. Crypto is considered as digital currency hence it could be borrowed by someone else. However, when one talks about debt then it could be in any form like borrowing money or even something that has been that one owe something which is called as debt. In summary, debt is general term of borrowing for it talks about money and good deeds and loan is a specific term for only borrowing currency.