Currencies – Coins used primarily for payments and to store value.
Protocols, Exchanges, and Interoperability – Projects building decentralized infrastructure to exchange cryptocurrencies and enable communication between different blockchains.
Computing, Data Management & Cloud Services – Projects related to computing, data storage and security, and cloud services including file storage and cloud computing.
Others – Projects that didn’t fit into any of the other categories. These include prediction markets, oracles, betting platforms, and AI-related projects.
Platforms – Smart contract and decentralized application (dapp) platforms.
Gaming, Media, and Social Networking Platforms – Projects related to the gaming industry, online content publishing and distribution, and social media.
Privacy Coins – Currencies with features to make transactions anonymous and/or untraceable.
FinTech – Financial services and technology.
Business/Enterprise – Platforms meant to help businesses improve efficiency, transparency, and security, among other things.
Source:
https://www.investinblockchain.com/periodic-table-cryptocurrencies/