The tx you pasted in your original post is invalid, but is it because it was broadcasted to the network and then dropped, or did you never broadcast it at all? (What I mean is that did this link ever work before :
https://blockexplorer.com/tx/1839146c39d4844cd871a1aa471fcb6005d41f4213ecf5316ee10c92bc632204 ? If it did then once you import your keys into a new wallet you should see your coins back. If it didn't work before, then your money technically never left your address, and its probably just a multibit issue. Either way using electrum or bitcoin core will fix your problem.)
Hope you got your coins back and learn to take cautions when using old wallets.
This looks like the best suggestion to avoid many of the occuring issues but don't know how much skills do i need to get it.
Would you please provide some helpful guides/tutorials on how to easy setup my own node? or just explain it here if it's that easy. Thank you
Running a full node might fix issues like these in the future because you'll always be up to date with the full blockchain, but in my opinion you don't need to have a full/pruned blockchain copy to avoid these issues, just stop using old versions and unsupported wallets anymore, and try to store your private keys somewhere safe (using physical copies like paper wallets, or somewhere that can't be accessed online) just in case you suspect you might run into problems like these again in the future.