There is disparity, USA is not the centre but in Finance and as a world reserve currency then yes it is the centre of the capitalist system. Since communism has largely failed and no other system of exchange has proved as productive then for the moment US dollar is very important.
It was argued from the start that not just one country should be a backing for a global system, hence it was based around gold supposedly but at present its just wandering around the stony road that is egotistical politics and policies of the western system. Bias is clear and the world is impacted and impeded by that lopsided trade, most obviously we see large build ups in debt and imbalance is apparent
This is where it comes round to that shut down 'idea'
US federal government was shut down for roughly two weeks
Well I dont think it did, government carried on. What happened was further spending especially on a deficit budget was restricted. What really happens is they just slow down the process of burning money. Its not an emergency its more of a inconvenient reality, government eventually must run a surplus and repay its debts.
Because the global reserve system is biased and a very wonky 70 year old system that failed partially sometime in the 70's but continues to favour some over others it allows the debts to build up. Its not really a coincidence that instability would relate to this stress point of failure in the system. BTC itself originated after 2008 as an idea, working concept then the current network of exchange we have. Its a surprise to everyone that somehow it relates to and possibly eases this global system of exchange even if it were only in a light way for online transactions though people seem to use it for many types of business
Its actually a positive if government 'shuts down' Its the start of it repaying debt, running a balanced and surplus budget to not require approval for further borrowing. The ceiling is there for a good reason, the answer to this question might be to read the origin of the ceiling and decide from there