If I have no peers, who am I getting this information from?
seednodes and hardcoded IPs
You also can use search engine and add nodes IP manually with
-addnode=<ip>What information am I sending and receiving?
Handshakes
It's the method to establish connection between 2 nodes. Both local and remote nodes send and receive
version and
verack information.
Click the url if you want to know the details. But few things that you should look are version, services, socket (IP:port), user_agent, nonce & start_height