Also, have you tried looking in the Windows Error Log?
Have a look in the "Event Viewer", and under the "Windows Logs" section, check the "Application", "System" and "Security" logs... There might be something showing there.
It seems like it might be some weird Windows permissions error... possibly relating to either the install location or the data directory.
Yes there is an number of application errors:
Faulting application name: bitcoin-qt.exe, version: 0.17.1.0, time stamp: 0x00000000
Faulting module name: bitcoin-qt.exe, version: 0.17.1.0, time stamp: 0x00000000
Exception code: 0x40000015
Fault offset: 0x00000000012db0c4
Faulting process id: 0x1a68
Faulting application start time: 0x01d4d90f4bb02f9c
Faulting application path: C:\Program Files\Bitcoin\bitcoin-qt.exe
Faulting module path: C:\Program Files\Bitcoin\bitcoin-qt.exe
Report Id: a003b9a9-fabc-44ec-ad45-348193645913
Faulting package full name:
Faulting package-relative application ID: