Put it this way. Of all the myriad coins out there that have tried different distribution schemes, none of them are ever likely to be as successful as this one.
We could spend forever debating how or why that decision was reached, but at the end of the day, it worked. If you could go back in time and make major alterations, there's no guarantee the result would have been the same.
If we were to have doubling every 4 years instead of halving, it'd look more like a scary event than an exciting one. In fact, wouldn't BTC turn into a ponzi scheme?
Bitcoin was launched and had only a handful of people supporting it in the early days. If we had block reward doubling, it means BTC would be 2x less scarce every 4 years.. so in order to keep its price up, we would've needed to gather more and more investors to keep pumping money in it to maintain the price - until they can't
I mean, imo Satoshi placed the best distribution scheme on BTC and it's a proven huge success like you said. If we had BTC start from a block reward doubling scheme, we would've had an alt overtake it as soon as a dev thought of creating a scace cryptocurrency. Hence, BTC would've been a big shitcoin right now..