Looks like some part of your blockchain files were corrupted. Check your disk and make backup of everything important. If disk is ok you can delete blockchain files and download it again, but it will take time.
You don't have to delete the blocks, doing so would just result in additional bandwidth and time wasted to download all the blocks again. You should run Bitcoin Core with a -reindex flag. It'll rebuild the blocks using the existing data again and will take quite a while.
OP, did the client prompt you to reindex or are you encountering any errors in the client other than the debug.log.