CcS Blockchain - Solutions for Personal And Enterprise use

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Read the CcS Whitepaper
The CcS introductory paper was published in 2021 by Jaimy de Vries

The CcS Whitepaper will continue to be maintained and updated to serve as a useful reference and accurate representation of the CcS Blockchain and its vision towards a fully adopted blockchain interacting future.

Introductory Whitepaper
A written web version of the CcS Whitepaper. This version is unlike the downloadable version above less visual and contains more background information and written examples.

To learn about the latest developments of the CcS Blockchain and what updates have been added to the CcS Network Protocol. There are many things included within the CcS Blockchain, therefore we recommend reading the following guide for more information and details about the current version and possibilities of the CcS Blockchain.

Brief introduction
Preface of CcS in regards to the historical events of cryptography.

Far before the CcS Blockchain existed and even far before the birth of Bitcoin the way to transmit global information was achieved through the internet’s TCP/IP protocol to achieve higher speed and lower cost transmission of data and communication (Transmission Control Protocol also known as Internet Protocol).

Since then the communication technology has come a far way and has developed many high-tech solutions varying from the Internet, IoT, VR / AR, AI Bots, Blockchain technology and many other forms of modern technology. The devices of people allow more methods of communication and interaction therefore the diversity of products and services in combination with all sorts of technologies has rapidly expanded over the past few years. Future generations will adapt to digital assets or digital creation processes the same way they breathe and eat. A future that is filled with digital assets, tokenized concepts, personal and enterprise based smart contracts or economic transfer of value will be one of the most normal things to do. More and more people are starting to pay attention to value transfer as well as the possibilities for social sharing directly throughout their favourite apps and subscriptions. Blockchain technology is a perfect solution and combination for the interaction with a dozen of different applications and simultaneously manage the assets of individuals in a secure and private manner.

Satoshi Nakamoto’s intension and motivations.
On October 31 in 2008 the man, woman or group that goes by Satoshi Nakamoto published the first cryptocurrency based whitepaper that is also known as the first published bitcoin white paper “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System”. In there the concept of value transfer through decentralized connections on the Bitcoin Network. Within the Bitcoin system, anyone was able to participate throughout the network and contribute to controlling transactions. Multiple parties were now able to send transactions to each other without any mediatory in between of both parties. No trust relationship or any sort of public knowledge about the other would be required while still being able to do business with each other via transactions was a completely new introduction to the world. Since then sending Peer-to-Peer based transactions have grown into a common happening. Blockchain technology has changed the way we acquire, share, create or distribute allowing massive changes to take place in the future of technology and social interaction as well as financial control and management.

Often said about Bitcoin & Satoshi Nakamoto
The invention of the bitcoin development in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto has often been described as a radical development in the financial sector pointing out specifically to money and currency. Since Bitcoin is the first of its kind as a digital currency which at the same time has no backing support or intrinsic value nor centralization or controller makes Bitcoin as unique and valuable as it is today. What is most important and nowadays arguably much more important is the underlying blockchain technology that is a tool of distributed consensus. Since then the attention for blockchain technology, in general, has rapidly grown to huge adoption in the world.

Publication of the Bitcoin Source
Since 2009 the Bitcoin source code has been published on the internet as an open-sourced repository. Many entrepreneurs, company’s and individuals have since then created alternative blockchain solutions based on the original source code of Bitcoin with alternative variations, algorithms and processing technologies. There are several projects that are heavily committed to becoming the universal provider of smart contracts at a decentralized level via a variety of platforms and blockchain solutions. Among Ethereum, Tron Network, Binance Chain the CcS Blockchain is aiming for solid delivery of smart contract-based facilities and solutions. It is no secret that the growth of blockchain technology is raising a lot of excitement yet at the same time a lot of confusion and hesitation among the masses and governments of the world. However, blockchain technology is already at a point where everyone has learned to realize that it's a form of technology that can't be stopped unless protocols like the internet are completely shut down. Since the possibility of that ever happening is nearly impossible most governments have decided to find a way to adapt to it knowing that the interest of people globally around the world is massively growing towards the adoption of cryptocurrency.

Challenges for Blockchains
According to many specialists around the world, these are some of the technical difficulties that may not yet have been solved.

Before the adoption of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies are really able to access mainstream adoption a lot has to happen in the next few decades. Several issues that are well known according to many blockchain specialists around the world could potentially face challenges towards a fully utilized global adoption of blockchain technology.

1. Unfortunately there is insufficient to no compatibility between many different blockchain platforms. The Bitcoin ecosystem is for example based on the UTXO model (Unspent Transaction Output Model). This is not compatible with the blockchain Ethereum and its ecosystem of smart contracts that are based on an account model as well as the interoperability between blockchain lacks a lot of compatibility factors.

2. To achieve On-chain governance and to get beyond critical technical parameters many solutions have yet to be created. For most decentralized platforms that are known today after deploying their mainnet upgrading or changing the governance protocol of the blockchain becomes nearly impossible.

3. There is often a huge difference between the consensus mechanism, therefore, lacking major flexibility making it very unlikely that they will easily become compatible. All through the history of technology growth and improvements have shown us that for every problem a solution can be coded. The Proof of Work consensus mechanism that Bitcoin uses for example has certain limitations in terms of the requirements in energy and incentives for its miners and holders as well as the risk of a centralized take over by organisations that control an extremely high amount of mining computing power.

4. Lack of providers and solutions for new ways of smart contract management. Most blockchain projects fail to create a production or service that properly connects to the real world limiting the access of many digital assets and decentral applications to a very small audience.

5. A continuity of scams and unfaithful projects with bad intentions entering the world of blockchain and cryptocurrency to leave unrepairable stains to the first impression of countless investors who made a wrong investment at either the wrong time or into the wrong project.

6. Blockchains can be extremely slow and cumbersome from time to time. When the user number increase on the network, the transitions take longer to process. It can take even days to process the whole transaction. As a result, the cost of the transaction is higher than usual, and this also restricts more users on the network.

A brief introduction to Bitcoin and its Alternatives
The ways and methods to get the different outcomes of decentralization.

The concept of decentralized digital currencies has been around for a long time. Many alternative applications such as property registries have been around for decades even. An anonymous E-money protocol was also introduced during the 1980s and again during the 1990s. In terms of cryptographic primitive also known as Chaumian blinding introduced a currency with a higher degree to privacy but the protocols largely failed since their focus was primarily based on a centralized intermediary model. A few years later in 1998, Wei Dai created the B-money concept as one of the first proposals to introduce an idea of digital money via computers, algorithms and puzzle-solving in combination with decentralized consensus. However, the proposal was lacking details as to how decentralized consensus could be achieved and implemented. Several years later in 2005, another guy known as Hal Finney introduced another concept of reusable proofs of work which was based on the ideas from B-money together with another computationally difficult hashcash puzzle concept for a cryptocurrency by Adam Back. These cases had also failed of introducing a trustworthy concept of ideal and reliable trusted computing as a backend technology for decentralized asset management. The first decentralized currency that was really implemented and provided with public access was the Bitcoin from Satoshi Nakamoto which glanced at its first publications during 2008 and official releases in 2009. Satoshi Nakamoto was the first one to establish primitives for management of ownership through public keys/cryptography with a consensus algorithm that allowed keeping track of who is the owner of a coin also known as the “Proof of Work Method”.

The mechanism behind proof of work
To get a better understanding of the mechanism behind the proof of work method was a huge breakthrough in the sphere of cryptography and to the realisation of blockchain technology. Multiple problems were solved simultaneously, it provided a simple and moderately effective and powerful consensus algorithm that is very famous today. By allowing nodes in the network that require to agree on a set of canonical happenings to the state of the bitcoin ledger.

Secondly, at the same time, it provided a solid mechanism that allowed free entries in the consensus process. By solving the political problem in regards to who has the influence in the consensus, while at the same time preventing Sybil attacks from occurring. This is happening because of a substituting formal barrier during participation. An example is a requirement for participants to be registered as a unique entity that is listed on a particular position. With an economic barrier, the weight of a single node within the consensus has a voting process that is proportional to the power of the computer that the node is connected to. Because of the fact that Proof of Work was often not sufficient enough another concept has been proposed that is well known today as proof of stake by calculating the weight of a node as a fraction of its currency holdings rather than a computational resource. Both approaches may serve as a suitable backbone to a cryptocurrency or blockchain but Proof of Stake will most likely take and keep the lead on adoption.

Digital Assets are difficult though they shouldn’t be
A global goal to make digital assets and blockchains easier to work with

Nowadays digital asset activities are heavily growing and are becoming an integral part of the daily lives of many people around the world. The world is changing for everyone and with so many technological-based resources the most logical step forward seems to be the adoption of blockchain technology and digital assets at a decentralized level. The ability to have borderless commerce and communication on the internet has already had a huge impact on how individuals handle every aspect of their life. Finance and security are in most places of the world still based on very traditional models, while the digital trend seems to merge faster than expected. Decentralized economies will empower many opportunities to participate in a global borderless and completely free economy without the ability to prevent people from accessing it or to block their access to their personal belongings.

The power of decentralized economies and communities is phenomenal. It has enabled many people and businesses to conduct a new way of trustless interaction, anonymous and secure transaction solutions across global borders, new opportunities for many sectors such as retail, entertainment, finance, etc. These days anything that you want to purchase can be obtained with digital assets.

Blockchain Based Governance Mechanism
On-chain governance protocol that manages every event that occurs on the CcS Blockchain.

Many blockchains have become famous for their blockchain-based governance solutions. When looking to Ethereum for example, they have achieved great things that had a huge impact on how many individuals and businesses are able to operate their financial management today directly via the blockchain. The CcS Blockchain was inspired by this as well as the recent developments of the Qtum Chain allowing the governance mechanism to go in a whole new direction. As a decentralized public-oriented blockchain the CcS Blockchain has followed the legacy of supporting on-chain governance protocols that are using DGP. Anyone is capable of creating code-based governance on the public blockchain via smart contract implementation.

On-chain Governance Mechanism Based on DGP
The on-chain governance blockchain protocol provides a layer of negotiation and execution inside the network update protocol inside the system. The new on-chain solution provides a model for blockchain networks that are following the design guidelines of DGP. With the decentralized governance protocol, the possibilities of secure online authorization processes become fully decentralized and therefore can never be manipulated by any of its users or creators.

Multi-Party Involved On-chain Governance
The main character of the Decentralized Governance Protocol is that besides the fact that it allows CcS Coin Holders to participate in the voting and negotiation executions of the upgrades as well as an iteration of the CcS Blockchain Network. Besides that, it's also introducing a new way for other participants who are joining the ecosystem at a later point in the future. There is no limitation to be involved and part of the CcS Blockchain whether your a developer, Community member or representative, A node holder or asset staker or an investor who believes in the future of digital assets. Any other type of user via any use case that will be developed in the future on top of the CcS Blockchain is accessible to anyone whos a part of the CcS Blockchain, as well as provided with the possibility of proposing and voting for on-chain governance-based proposals.

Smart Contract as the Carrier of On-chain Governance
Using the DGP protocol has many advantages such as the fact that it manages all the parameters that are involved in the blockchain network via smart contracts that are embedded in the genesis blocks of the CcS Blockchain which clarifies the governance seats and proportion of governance participants for every party that is using the CcS Blockchain. Any participant can initiate a proposal as well as specify the type of the proposal and include the increase of management or governance seats. This goes for anything in regards to deletion, modification of common network parameters, approving a proposal to be executed, or any other type of change that has an impact on the previous or upcoming blocks of the CcS Blockchain.

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On-chain Public and Transparent Governance
CcS has a fully integrated automatic processing governance mechanism. It can continuously upgrade and update iterations of the CcS Blockchain system via real-time effective decision-making and execution mechanisms that originate from Qtum technology. The CcS On-chain governance process is public and transparent without any possibility to have any influence on changing the parameters of the CcS Blockchain. Besides that, the process is very easy to audit and to do a traceback on the events that occurred on the CcS Blockchain. This is a major aspect to ensure the fairness of the entire governance process and also improves the efficiency of decision-making while not having to worry that it will impact future soft forks or hard forks on the CcS Network.

Decentralized Governance Disclaimer
The decentralized governance protocol has nothing to do with the representation of a government or any similar sort of authorities. Many projects such as Ethereum, Tron and Qtum refer to the Decentralized Governance Protocol as a form of technology in the management process of ongoing processes within the blockchain. The CcS Blockchain is adapting that model for the management of the blockchain specifically.

CcS Blockchain Development
Inspired by great inventors and developers of another level the CcS Development begins.

With a strong passion for blockchain technology and digital asset management, we decided to participate in the blockchain industry and smart contract management sector. Derived on the technology of Qtum which was led by the power of Bitcoin and Ethereum combined with many new unique solutions and combinations that were before the development of the Qtum Network Protocol seen as not possible. Qtum had in response to various problems in blockchain technology and industrial applications decided to shape the Qtum Chain development team that united the community development deeper into the underlying technology and from thereon developed and implemented a series of technologies through the “Value Transfer Protocol” upgrade and other innovative solutions to build a sustainable public blockchain. The Qtum Organisation created several layers that were also adopted in the CcS Blockchain.

A few of these functionalities are:

By creating the AAL (Account Abstraction Layer) the UTXO model and the smart contract Account model ecosystem were integrated, effectively solving the problem of insufficient compatibility between different blockchains.
Innovative research and development of the Qtum x86 virtual machine further enriched the programming development capability, decoupled the operating system from the virtual machine and pushed the development of smart contracts to the mainstream.
Innovatively launched the PoS (Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism, with PoS nodes spread all over the world, enabling the effective collaboration of global PoS peer-to-peer networks.
Developed the first DGP (Decentralized Governance Protocol) system for on-chain governance to maintain the stable operation of the entire system.
Thanks to the development of the Qtum Organisation the CcS Blockchain was founded based on the latest technology standards that are already adopted among the world-leading blockchain project facilitators of the world.

In order to ensure the requirements of the operating system and development needs for a different type of users and to ensure the highest quality, we provide multiple versions of the CcS System to connect with the CcS Blockchain Network. We have native support for all devices ranging from computers to mobile devices and terminal services. Allowing third-party developers to further expand the possibilities and influence on top of the CcS Framework by integrating their smart contracts to enchant the growth of possibilities within the applications that have been published on the CcS Blockchain. Our goal is to create massive support for several market segments among them Social Media Networking, Gaming and Entertainment, Content creators, Internet of Things, Use case support for CcS20 and CcS721 based assets. Our goal is to participate among the most promising blockchain ecosystems that are currently available on the market. Similar to Bitcoin, Ethereum and Qtum the CcS Blockchain perfectly combines the advantages of the way Bitcoin and Ethereum as well as Qtum its unique architecture solution to combine the best of both worlds.

From hereon CcS is striving to become more user friendly and adaptable for public and private segments. CcS will continue to build and expand a platform that will be easy to operate for the end-users that are aiming to utilize the CcS Network for daily operations. With a massive aim to the adoption of social sharing, token of appreciation in combination with high-tech previously introduced blockchain solutions and projects available on the market. CcS provides a unique solution to interact with blockchains in a more efficient and traditional approach allowing a variety of product developments, commercialization projects and other blockchain economy based concepts to have an easier road of achievement.

CcS Organisation
Founded and Shaped by enthusiastic technology fanatics.

The CcS Organisation exist out of a group of entrepreneurs, companies and contributors from the community. The CcS Organisation helps to manage the overall development, progress and privileges of the CcS Public Blockchain through the development of good blockchain-oriented mechanisms. It is strongly committed to the development and structure of the CcS Blockchain project and the prospectives of blockchain-based transparency to promote the safe and harmonious development of the project. The goals of the CcS Organisation are to structure the decentralized possibilities with high sustainability while very easy to operate and maintain for everyone that makes use of the network.
CcS Organisation Governance Structure

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The CcS Organisation has two Co-founders holding the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Technical Officer. The two co-founders are responsible for the overall strategic planning, coordinating of processes and realization of product releases. Leadership development, determination and a lot of passion have formed the establishment of the CcS Blockchain Organisation. At the end of the day according to us, anyone that wants to be a part of the CcS Blockchain Organisation can join without an invitation.

Technical Characteristics
A deeper look into the technical aspects of the CcS Blockchain.

Account Abstraction Layer
In order to achieve the required interoperability and combine the UTXO model as well as the Smart Contract Account model in combination with decoupling the value transfer layer from the smart contract execution layer. The CcS Blockchain supports Account Abstraction Layer (AAL). Specially developed for the optimizations for the interface and conversion between smart contract operations and the UTXO operations.

There are 4 new types of the opcode that can be used:

OP_CREATE: create a smart contract
OP_CALL: call smart contract (send CcS to the contract)
OP_SPEND: spend CcS in smart contract
OP_SENDER: allow address other than contract call sender to pay for Gas
Whenever the CcS Blockchain is generating new blocks, in addition to validating regular checks on the ccs blockchain to ensure that the transaction scripts are properly executed. It will also check whether or not the above-displayed opcodes are included in the transactions. OP_CREATE is used to send the contract bytecode to the virtual machine. OP_CALL will send the data, gasPrice, Gaslimit, VM Version and other leading parameters that are required to execute smart contracts through transaction scripts. After all that has happened, it will eventually pass all the information on to the virtual machine of the blockchain. With great experience relying on this design the CcS x86 virtual machine can run on the blockchain while connect fully parallel with the EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine).

Thanks to this approach it does not need any significant modifications to the underlying protocol to retain its full-scale functionality and scalability. In the near future, there will be support for any virtual machine based on the account model to adapt and connect to the CcS Blockchain. Besides a large number of adaptations and improvements in functionality, the CcS Organisation also followed up with the original concept of Gas from the Ethereum and Qtum blockchain gas models to apply between the blockchain and the contract operation. With more modern implementations and optimization of the gas concept, the Ethereum gas model is even lower in cost to operate. By using the Gas model we can prevent several issues such as endless loops caused by a variety of errors and malicious attack. It can also allow miners / stakers to get rewards for the performed calculations based on the actual workload and encourage smart contract developers and their users to make good use of available on-chain resources.

Usually, the CcS Account that executes a call to a smart contract pays for the gas fee. But in this case, the OP_SENDER opcode function allows a third-party address such as a distributed application, service provider, startup or online platform to pay for the gas fee instead. This allows creating of processes that are completely free for end-users to operate or interact with the CcS Blockchain without paying any gas fees at all.

Just like EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine), there is also a state rollback process in case someone is out of gas or a refund for the remaining gas after a successful execution. Because these situation and rare boundaries take place from time to time CcS follows the guidelines of Qtum to appropriately process the smart contracts data and to ensure operations are executed properly on-chain.

x86 Virtual Machine
Based on the strong and scalable AAL system that is powered by the technology of Qtum, the CcS Blockchain can implement multiple virtual machines that run parallel without changing anything in the underlying architecture. Adapting to a new design for x86 virtual machines, the x86 virtual machines are using Von Neumann computer architecture, which basically means that code is completely formulated as data.

This allows it too conforms to the mainstream contemporary programming model. Also, the basic principles of the x86 virtual machine are ensuring that it is capable to write smart contracts that are executed on the CcS Blockchain by implementing basic modifications and using different types of existing compilers or programming languages. Basically, all compilers are currently supporting the 86x architecture instruction set meaning that the bytecode and architecture support is basically fully completed.

CcS x86 virtual machine will also support the i686 instruction set in combination with rust language. Allowing the x86 virtual machine to automatically inherit the support of upper-level language and development tools that are available. Therefore since then now the EVM computing limitations and solidity language issues have been drastically reduced allowing the implementation of new features and more efficient methods to take places such as the variable-length key values, linear memory and real-time on-chain data analysis to occur. The use of x86 virtual machine provides developers with additional libraries at default.

these libraries will exist like pre-compiled contracts and having the fees and prices to be managed directly via DGP. This will greatly reduce the difficulty of developing smart contracts and also how to interact with deployed smart contracts as an end-user. In addition to the kernel of the virtual machine is that the CcS x86 virtual machine includes the design of a storage lease model and a new state storage model to solve problems of excessive growth for blockchain technology.

Decentralized Governance Protocol
Another innovative solution that CcS has adopted is the MPoS (Mutualized Proof of Stake) consensus mechanism. The general proof of stake mechanism does not contain the problems of competition in computing power and the hardware threshold requirements are extremely low. Therefore Proof of Stake is more conducive to the decentralized distribution of nodes as well as the fact that it avoids major amounts of blockchain attack attempts. CcS MPoS algorithm is improved from PoS 3.0, but the combination of the traditional PoS consensus mechanism and smart contracts will have several security risk improvements to avoid attacks such as “junk contract” meaning that these types of attacks cannot be used within the CcS Blockchain.

CcS, therefore, increases the cost of attacks by sharing the block rewards among bck-producing nodes and delaying the payments if necessary. every block reward is divided equally between the block producing staker and 9 previous stakers (10% of the reward to every individual staker), 90% of the rewards will be delayed by 500 blocks. Implementing these improvements to the revenue mechanism does not directly change the core logic of PoS 3.0 and makes it impossible for attackers to predict how much block rewards can be obtained but also how to obtain the block rewards immediately and therefore greatly increase the cost of launching a junk contract attack.

Mutualized Proof-of-Stake Consensus Mechanism
It is common among Blockchain communities to split and generate new blockchains through hard forks often a result of different opinions between members about the development direction or leadership of a project. In the past, everyone who has been into blockchain has witnessed some of the cruellest and unavoidable situations where people heavily disagreed on the future direction of their project. These different opinions can be roughly divided into three categories:

Disagreements in the development direction of a project or leadership.
Lack of fixing and focus on key loopholes and rollback successful attacks.
Disagreements on parameters of roadmap plans of the blockchain.
When people within a team disagree on the direction this often leads to dramatic scenarios directly under the eyes and nose of the community. It is often true that only a hard fork can solve an internal problem all though not always. The Decentralized Governance Protocol can have a great impact on the decision making of a certain direction on the blockchain that will create more certainties for participants. The process of decentralized governance is completed by voting and the blockchain can realize self-management, upgrades and iteration to the parameters and genesis blocks to alter the entire ecosystem should the majority ever feel it to become an important requirement.

By implementing the core logic of the DGP a series of smart contracts are composed including framework contracts and feature contracts. The CcS nodes contain multiple layers of code that incorporate these smart contract parameters allowing them to control the gas price and block size. These are critical consensus parameters that can be modified by the Decentralized Governance Protocol process for on-chain parameter update, software updates or another event that normally requires a hard fork.

Role as a Smart Contract Provider
Providing a connectivity solution between A and B via a decentral protocol.

One of the most important roles of the CcS Organisation is to provide a stable platform for smart contracts. Smart Contract providers will play an important role in the future to provide a gateway for smart contract publishing, smart contract storage, smart contract validating, smart contract auditing, etc. On the blockchain, one of the goals of smart contracts is to simplify business management, digital assets management, digital collectibles management, online governance, equity control and many other solutions. Smart contracts will play a vital role in the future of humanity and its dominance in the world of blockchains. There is currently a small amount of Smart Contract Provider platforms available such as Ethereum, Tronix, Binance Chain and a few others such as Qtum, Waves, Dragonchain.

Why are smart contract providers crucial for blockchain adoption?
The reason why there is such growth in a smart contract providing services is because of the growing need to succeed in the form of exchanging without the involvement of a middleman. Over the past few years, many projects have explained why decentralization is so important and how they will contribute to it. For most of these projects, it will be unlikely that they become a smart contract provider due to the ongoing requirements and dedication to providing a stable and market demanding service. However Smart Contract Providers will continue to play an important role to facilitate decentralization solutions to other entrepreneurs, organisations and companies that need to enchant their business, project, non-profit or charity to take a step towards decentralization. Smart contracts scale down on formality as well as costs associated with traditional methods, without compromising on authenticity and credibility smart contracts via blockchain connectivity will be the protocol of exchanging on a global scale.

A trustworthy digital intermediary solution
Without a doubt, smart contracts are the most trustworthy intermediary solution that currently exists on planning. Having said that, there is a lot of requirements and research to do towards a more optimized smart contract compatible future. Until then centralized intermediary protocols remain to serve an important role in providing and connecting several parties in an exchange process, the share of equities, management of specific types of data, etc.

Smart Contract Provider range of services
Smart Contract Providers have a bigger range of services available first hand. Once a public decentralized blockchain is published anyone can access it to release a smart contract on it. In a truly decentralized and non-editable blockchain, this is certainly the case. However, not everyone might be capable of making the required adjustments to a smart contract in order to serve a specific purpose. One of the potential duties of Smart Contract Providers is to provide the creation process of a smart contract as a service.

The CcS Organisation has several experts involved who provide these services. The type of expert you need might depend on the type of smart contract that you are looking to release. Most Smart Contracts are based on the programming language Solidity which is becoming extremely popular around the web and blocks. A few alternative programming languages that also allow you to create smart contracts are C++, JavaScript, Java, Golang and Viper. The CcS Blockchain is using Solidity based smart contracts for publications on the CcS Blockchain.

Smart Contracts for small and medium-sized companies.
Smart contracts are already playing an important role for many small and medium-sized companies. In many countries around the world, there is a growth in the figures of how important small and medium-sized enterprises are serving as a backbone to local economies. The role of small and medium-sized companies is crucial to worldwide economic and social developments. Since more than 50% of all humans working in small or medium-sized companies the impact on the global economy is simply said huge. In the Netherlands for example, more than 90% of all companies are small or medium-sized corporations. All together they are responsible for 60% of the value of the Dutch Economy. Knowing that small and medium-sized companies are daily confronted with a high number of challenges there is a drastic need for more smart contract-based solutions. Some of the limitations that small-sized and medium-sized companies run into are:

Limited access to financial support
inefficient procedures
Lack of necessary information
Limited access to resources
Unnecessary High operational cost

Blockchain Adoption growth for Small and Medium-sized companies
Even though at this point most people are relating blockchain solutions to larger companies, blockchains are starting to create a wave of opportunities for small and middle-sized companies. There are possibilities within every sector to solve existing challenges with blockchain involvement and smart contract management. Thanks to smart contract managements there is a rising range of opportunities and models unfolding for small and medium-sized companies. Until not long ago there were more than one obstacles that caused a slower adoption rate of blockchain and other distributed ledger-based technologies by small and medium-sized companies. Now that the world is starting to understand the purpose of blockchain better as well as governments who have found ways to compromise the blockchain technology and adopt it within their laws and economics there is now a drastic change in the adoption of blockchain by small and medium-sized companies.

Challenges with blockchain among small and medium-sized companies
Besides the fact that small and medium-sized companies are the backbone of any major economic segment in the world, small and medium-sized companies face a lot of challenges. They face a lot of issues such as finding financial support, upscale their operations, process payments, recruit other essential service providers, Emerging economies. Blockchain can generate a lot of new jobs, economic solutions, stock management, agreement validations and a lot of other daily operations.

Challenges in the market for small and medium-sized companies

Financial loans
Financial trading
Financial trading
Cashflow issues
Personal identity
Adoption of new technologies
Use cases for small and medium-sized companies
Smart contracts
Financial trading
Funding collateral
Crowdfunding
Identity management
Record management
Supply chain finance

Advantages for small and medium-sized companies
Blockchain technology in combination with smart contract development has great potential to offer many different advantages to small and medium-sized companies.

Trustworthy
Speed & Instant
Safety & Security
Risk reduction
Lesser identity fraud
Less hacking attacks
Reducing time
Reducing costs
No paperwork
global access

Blockchain use cases for small and big
Blockchain is no longer a tool that is only used to send value from A to B, many types of use cases can be built on a blockchain.

What is a use case?
A use case is a written description of how users will perform tasks on your website. It outlines, from a user’s point of view, a system’s behaviour as it responds to a request. Each use case is represented as a sequence of simple steps, beginning with a user’s goal and ending when that goal is fulfilled.

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CcS Blockchain V1.01
Introducing the live version of the CcS Blockchain.

Release preparation
After 16 months of continuous development and preparing a stable operation of the CcS Mainframe Network the first CcS Blockchain Fork release to introduce a new era of possibilities on the blockchain. CcS will often upgrade and update the underlying libraries and protocol to ensure the highest security at all times. In addition to upgrading and improving future releases in the underlying block space algorithm, we are using the Decentralized Governance Protocol.

Confidential Data Management
[/i]Unoptimized smart contracts that contain too much-unrequired code or potential vulnerability could both increase transaction fees, validation delay, unnecessary failure of the transaction, etc. By creating predefined smart contracts that follow the latest and best structures to reduce the cost of development and cost of usage. We aim to pre-compile some of these smart contracts on secp256k1 elliptic curves and schnorr signatures will be deployed to further reduce the deployment and operation cost of digital asset solutions.

Staking, Super Staking and Offline Staking
By default the CcS PoS system, nodes that are participating in staking and additional reward programs participants usually need to have an online connection. CcS Supports regular staking, super staking and offline staking. Usually, the online stakers improve the security and operations of the CcS Blockchain Network but this particular design has its limit for ordinary holders. Therefore the offline staking mechanism that has been developed can immediately solve the problems that we mentioned earlier. Ordinary blockchain users delegate the rights of staking to specific online staking nodes therefor it is not needed to keep their nodes online and they will continue to have access and control of their coins, tokens and other digital asset types.

Meaning that In the standard Qtum PoS system, the nodes participating in staking must stay online, and online stakers improve the security and operations of the network, but this design has limitations for ordinary holders. The offline staking mechanism that Qtum is developing can solve the above problems well. Ordinary users can delegate the rights of staking to special online staking nodes, so there is no need to keep their nodes online, and they always have control of their tokens which can be safely held offline and spent at any time. As a super staker, you are in charge of the coins of others while they continue to manage their own assets. Super stakers are contributing to the network by allowing others to go offline for a longer period of time while still earning incentives. The super stakers are basically staking for the offline stakers.

On-chain Cloud Integration
Till date, the CcS Blockchain development does not depart far from the logic of Bitcoin’s block-by-time plus global synchronization verification model. This is certainly not a problem for the use of low-interaction actions such as transferring value or collectibles data. however, it may not be the best application platform to go with, it seems that even small and simple games can block smart contract provider platforms such as Ethereum, EOS and other competitors. Large-scale commercial applications. The existing public blockchain platform is inadequate for this. Therefore we believe that the most important feature that blockchain brings to applications is not so much decentralization but rather the following features.

Natural clearing and settlement network.
High-speed growth brought by incentives and liquidity.
4 in 1 authority management mechanism for accounts, addresses, funds, and identities.
These are some of the features that are currently still lacking in nearly all existing Internet applications available. Most of the existing Internet applications that are publicly available are deployed on the cloud, and in the near future, applications deployed on the cloud will remain mainstream for a long period of time due to its efficiency but also the huge investments in the cloud industry from the past 15 years. We believe that the fusion of the blockchain characteristics with mainstream applications deployed on the cloud will generate new application forms and promote better real blockchain adoption.

Economic Metrics of CcS
Introducing the live version of the CcS Blockchain.

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Initial CcS Asset Distribution
The initial coin distribution contains 4 million CcS Coins.

The initial supply of the CcS Coins was 4 million units. Which were generated in the coinbase transaction at 800 CcS per block for the first 5000 blocks of the CcS Blockchain. The CcS Coins follow a scarcity-based model. Like every digital asset, scarcity and demand are playing a huge role especially when the demand exceeds the existing supply. Unlike micro-transaction, based assets scarcity based assets often provide more assurance to keep its appreciation among the holders. The CcS Organisation believes that this is an important role in a successful smart contract distribution platform/blockchain.

Importance of scarcity among digital assets
In economics, we have to consider the market equilibrium when supply equals demand. Unfortunately, markets are not always in equilibrium. It so happens that when the supply is greater than the demand that the price of a digital asset unit will go down. When there is more demand than available supply the price will increase as well as its scarcity. According to Wikipedia scarcity means the limited availability of a commodity. When there is a lack in supply compared to its demand it's in the scarcity state.

What does scarcity mean for CcS
The first CcS Coins were mined in March 2021, the first 4 million CcS Coins were mined in the first 5000 blocks. From thereon the CcS Blockchain was switched to the Pre Halving Block Reward Phase meaning that the scarcity of the staking process will have a stronger impact at each halving phase. The max supply of the CcS Coins will be 62,6 million units which will be reached around 2053. While CcS Coins can easily be sent over the internet and allows fractional ownership the limited supply makes it scarce. Even though a digital asset as CcS will never be as scarce as bitcoin which has been accessible and mineable since 2009, known as the first scarce digital asset often referred to as digital gold. CcS has several advantages over the Bitcoin core which may allow CcS to take its place as a potential competitor with mainstream digital assets.

High-Speed Blockchain processing
Capacity to validate 10.000+ transactions per second
Extremely low transaction cost
Smart Contract creation & management
Unique approach in global collaboration.
Fractional ownership distribution
Everyone that has a CcS wallet and a fraction of a CcS Coin owns a fractional piece of the CcS Blockchain one way or another. The advantage of decentralized blockchains is that whatever you own on your own managed (decentral) wallet is truly owned and obtained by you. Unless someone breaks into your machine and access your private keys and wallet no one can ever take them away from you. This is one of the guaranteed aspects that blockchains provide to their userbase. With Proof of Work consensus-based blockchain, there was still a technical possibility of obtaining enough computing power to try and take over. But with Proof of Stake consensus, this becomes practically impossible. Every individual, company or organisation that owns a piece of the fractional ownership therefore secures and controls the CcS Blockchain making them a fractional owner of the CcS Blockchain.

Scarce Spread Model
Even though we can't be sure how the spread of the CcS Coin will take place, one thing we can be certain of is that as a smart contract provider more individuals and companies will start using the products and services facilitated by the CcS Blockchain or provided by the CcS Organisation. Because of the limited supply of CcS and the expected adoption growth in smart contract demands, we expect a great rollout of the CcS Coin ensuring its scarcity and demand among the blockchain network users. Because of the halving program that is built-in inside the CcS Blockchain, we have created a layer of anti-inflationary properties. CcS it's a finite supply in combination with the demand for smart contracts and people who are looking for a provider with extremely low transaction fees, CcS believes to have a model that prevents devalued / depreciation of the CcS Coins.

Conclusion
The CcS Blockchain protocol was conceived to introduce a new way of smart contract service provider solutions that provides the opportunity of advanced features such as on-blockchain escrow, withdrawal limits, financial contracts, gambling markets and the like via a highly generalized programming language (Solidity). To compete in a market with smart contract providers like Ethereum, Binance Chain, Tron Network, Waves and several other smart contract providers we believe that our market approach to focus on smaller companies and local blockchain utilities for daily operations.

Smart contracts can be created to manage most types of transaction or applications. Besides the fact that the CcS Blockchain and CcS Coin are serving an important role for the smart contracts that are deployed, what is even more interesting is the possibility of creating solutions such as decentralized file storage, decentralized file access request, decentralized computation as well as decentralized prediction markets or a dozen of other concepts that are yet to be introduced. CcS Aims to build a massive boost to support and engage with other peer-to-peer protocols by adding economic and decentralized consensus.