You should really do more research before trying to explain it to explain to others, your text is full of mistakes
Computers are arranged in such a way, in order to be able to perform very complex calculation processes. From there, the owner of the computer gets a reward in the form of Bitcoin.
No, this ain't some feng shui stuff, and the owner of a
computer miner doesn't get a reward unless he mines a block or the pool he is mining gets one, and most importantly, there are no "computers" right now mining bitcoin there are only Asics!
However, the Bitcoin system has been set up in such a way that the calculation process required to acquire Bitcoins becomes more and more difficult as time goes on.
Again wrong, the difficulty doesn't grow with time, it grows if more people are mining, difficulty can also go down like it has the last week.
If someone starts mining now, it may take years before they finally get one Bitcoin
This makes no sense, the amount you get is only related to the amount of hash power you have. You can solo mine with an s9 you will get a bitcoin in 2070, you mine with 1000 S19pro you will get one in about a week.
On the other hand, it takes a lot of money to pay for electricity and to assemble a computer powerful enough to be used to mine Bitcoin.
Not exactly, you can mine with a 300$ miner, if you have cheap or near zero energy you will still make a profit.