Are there any wallet implement such a concept or something close to it?
In Bitcoin? I'm afraid that no, with the exact way your image describes it.
Assuming, five people agree on having a 3-of-5 multi-sig wallet, the three of them can, whenever they want, spend all the outputs and “move” from the selected multi-sig wallet to another one which uses different xpub keys from those who agreed upon the transaction. (changing just one xpub key would be enough)
They can't just change the hash of the multi-sig address they've deposited their funds without broadcasting a transaction which spends the funds to another address, no.