I have always thought some cloud mining companies don't really own any mining gears, Viabtc being one of them since they
FORCE you to point the contract hashrate to their OWN pool only, which likely suggests that they do NOT own any mining gear.
My first impression was that they would collect x amount in USD from you, pay it back in pieces every day after artificially displaying a certain hashrate on your account which comes from nowhere and does not exist in the first place, and since they will pay you in PPS, they can somehow know in advance the amount of BTC they will have you pay you, and since difficulty only goes up, they can somehow easily estimate the total earnings for x hashrate for a whole year, charge you 20-30% on top of that for-profit and some margin, buy BTC in advance, and slowly send you payouts.
Example:
100th mines 0.1
BTC in 1 month, they can assume that difficulty will cause that to drop 5% every month, so the total they will ever have to pay you for that imaginary 100th would be 0.92
BTC, say the that current bitcoin price is $10,000, they will charge you $12,000, they take those 12k and buy 1.2
BTCIf difficulty does increase 5% every month, they will pay you .92
BTC and keep 0.28
BTC, the worst-case scenario they will have to face is probably an average difficulty increase of 0% throughout the contract period which means, they earn nothing and lose nothing.
While that seems like a great plan, they will still face some risks if the difficulty drops, probably that's why they force you to get a 3-year contract since its extremely unlikely for the average difficulty in the 3 years period to be lower than the first month, and since most folks don't know how to run the numbers, they will assume that price will go up every day and that the 12k they paid will net them 20k or something, at least this is what the online calculators will tell them.
I gave it a second thought, maybe I am not being fair to them, maybe they do have the mining gears, but then I saw this on their website.
![](https://ip.bitcointalk.org/?u=https%3A%2F%2Fi.ibb.co%2F5TtgY4V%2Fvia.png&t=665&c=Hj2GNIOzMQmdOg)
Ignoring the fact that these two claims contradict one another (if doesn't count on the facilities, there is no malfunction risks of any kind), but it does say out loud that
"There'll be no running short of hashrate since it doesn't count on the facilities"
Which if you add it to the point above which clearly states
"Miners corresponding to the contracts will mine in ViaBTC pool under PPS+ payment method. Mining earnings of contracts will be calculated according to actual hashrate and yesterday’s earnings will be allocated at 0:00 (UTC) everyday. "
Strongly suggests that there is no real hashrate involved here, it's just some imaginary figures that appear on the buyer's dashboard showing they have x amount of hashrate.
Also the fact that there is no single report from those contract owners about any hashrate drop despite the fact that 50% of the world's hashrate was wiped out, Viabtc "alleged" mining gears can't be mining in a vacuum, if they did have real gears, these contracts would have been affected, honestly, at this point, I don't have the slightest doubt about my theory.
I also believe that Viabtc could be in deep shit.
Let's evaluate one of their mining contracts just for fun:
BTC Cloud Mining Contract
Contract Name: BTC36W2312
Miner Model: Antminer S19
Unit: 1 TH/s per contract
Price: $45.99/contract
Management Fee: 6%
Electricity Fee: $0.06/KWH
Power: 36W/contract
Effective Date: December 1, 2020 (No.1201)
End Date: December 31, 2023
100th will cost $4,600*6% =4,876 + $5,831 ( for Electricity) = 9.51 $ per day in total
When this contract first started Bitcoin was trading at 19.2k and the difficulty was at 19.1T, those 100th earned 12.2$ a day back then, the problem here is that Viabtc didn't forsee the China ban, and difficulty has not been doing them a favour, below the summary of difficulty throught the period of the contract.
701,568 9/21/2021 18,997,641,161,758 3.16% 0x170ed0eb 09 min 42 s 135.84 EH/s
699,552 9/8/2021 18,415,156,832,118 4.54% 0x170f48e4 09 min 35 s 131.65 EH/s
697,536 8/25/2021 17,615,033,039,278 13.24% 0x170ffaa0 08 min 50 s 126.07 EH/s
695,520 8/13/2021 15,556,093,717,702 7.31% 0x1712180b 09 min 19 s 111.29 EH/s
693,504 7/31/2021 14,496,442,856,349 6.03% 0x17136aa2 09 min 26 s 103.72 EH/s
691,488 7/18/2021 13,672,594,272,814 -4.81% 0x17149624 10 min 30 s 97.87 EH/s
689,472 7/3/2021 14,363,025,673,659 -27.94% 0x171398ce 13 min 53 s 102.78 EH/s
687,456 6/13/2021 19,932,791,027,262 -5.30% 0x170e1ef9 10 min 34 s 142.68 EH/s
685,440 5/30/2021 21,047,730,572,451 -15.97% 0x170d5f7b 11 min 55 s 150.48 EH/s
683,424 5/13/2021 25,046,487,590,083 21.53% 0x170b3ce9 08 min 14 s 179.25 EH/s
681,408 5/1/2021 20,608,845,737,768 -12.61% 0x170da863 11 min 27 s 147.42 EH/s
679,392 4/15/2021 23,581,981,443,663 1.92% 0x170bef93 09 min 49 s 168.79 EH/s
677,376 4/2/2021 23,137,439,666,472 5.82% 0x170c2a48 09 min 28 s 165.44 EH/s
675,360 3/19/2021 21,865,558,044,610 1.95% 0x170cdf6f 09 min 49 s 156.50 EH/s
673,344 3/6/2021 21,448,277,761,059 -1.27% 0x170d1f8c 10 min 08 s 153.47 EH/s
671,328 2/20/2021 21,724,134,900,047 1.35% 0x170cf4e3 09 min 52 s 155.47 EH/s
669,312 2/6/2021 21,434,395,961,348 2.93% 0x170d21b9 09 min 43 s 153.41 EH/s
667,296 1/23/2021 20,823,531,150,111 1.05% 0x170d8457 09 min 54 s 149.05 EH/s
665,280 1/9/2021 20,607,418,304,385 10.79% 0x170da8a1 09 min 02 s 147.46 EH/s
663,264 12/28/2020 18,599,593,048,299 -0.38% 0x170f2217 10 min 02 s 133.13 EH/s
661,248 12/14/2020 18,670,168,558,399 -2.54% 0x170f1372 10 min 16 s 133.54 EH/s
659,232 11/29/2020 19,157,154,724,710 8.87% 0x170eb156 09 min 11 s 137.12 EH/s
The average difficulty is 19.5T, which means they pay on average 0.0006267
BTC per day for that 100th contract, if they did buy bitcoin with the money they got in advance it means they bought at 19.2k, which is 0.55
BTC, if we divide that by the number of days passed since then (301), they have already paid (0.189
BTC) and have a balance remaining of 0.361
BTC, which at the average difficulty of 19.5 can suffice 576 more days, while the contract ends in 824 days.
For Viabtc to breakeven, they will need an average difficulty of 27.9T for the remaining 824 days, anything above that is profit.
At first glance, this seems like a great business model, since difficulty can only go up, but with the China ban, I think Viabtc could be in some deep shit, they will need AT least an average of 2.9% increase in difficulty every month for the remaining 27 months just to breakeven.
With the halving being a few months away from the end date of these contracts, the Chinese are not relocating fast enough, chips shortage isn't over,
BTC price isn't mooning, it's no more an easy win-win for Viabtc, while I do believe difficulty will only go up from here, I am not sure it will keep hitting a 2.9% every month, especially not if the bear market bring us crashing in 2022 or 2023.