It requires Electrum server to list Bitcoin addresses.
It's not just transaction indexing block explorers depend on. Once you enter an address on the block explorer, the back-end needs to find out which of the indexed transactions are related with the given address. Thus, during the installation it has to create a list with each address and their transaction ids.
Electrum server implementations do that.
Just the Bitcoin Core doesn't. There are various projects depending on what you want.
Electrs, for instance, does what I said above and usually comes with btc-rpc-explorer in some node OSes. There's
ElectrumX too.