Thanks for all your feedbacks, We can discuss multiple aspects here but let start with VALIDATOR, CONSENSUS/SPEED first and Solana is ideal for this comparison.
1. VALIDATORRef:
(*)
https://docs.solana.com/running-validator/validator-reqs(**)
https://docs.alephzero.org/aleph-zero/validate/hardware-requirementsThis is the hardware requirements to run Validator on each network and it's clear that it will be more expensive to setup and run Solana Validator Node as Solana Validator requires high-end computer to run and very fast internet connection. It also means that dapps on Solana network also requires higher operating cost to compare with Aleph Zero.
| Network | Current Active Validators | CPU | RAM | Storage | NetWork | Initial Cost | Slash | Yield |
| Aleph Zero | 126 | modern desktop x86_64 (Intel, AMD) processor with at least 8 cores | 32GB | 2TB NVMe SSD | 100+Mbps (with low latency) | Min 25K AZERO to run ($0.92 per AZERO atm) | NO | 11-12% |
| Solana | 1914 | 12 cores / 24 threads, or more; 2.8Ghz; AVX2 supported; SHA extensions support | 256GB or more ECC is suggested | Gen3 x4 NVME SSD, or better; 500GB+ for account; 1TB+ for Ledger | at least 1GBbit/s symmetric, commercial. 10GBit/s preferred | rent-exempt reserve of 0.02685864 SOL; Voting costs up to 1.1 SOL per day ($24.21 per SOL atm) | YES | 7-8% |
2. CONSENSUS/SPEEDAleph Zero: uses a permissionless Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) architecture in its AlephBFT PoS protocol. Here, the transactions in blocks aren’t connected to others linearly, rather than they are flowing in one direction but with multiple branches. This allows Aleph Zero to reach speeds that are beyond the reach of traditional blockchains.
It is Byzantine Fault Tolerant (malicious nodes don’t affect the network) but apart from other BFT protocols, it is asynchronous. It ensures seamless work and data correctness even if some parts of the network are down.
Highest Claimed TPS: 89K
Finality: 1s
Solana: uses Proof of History (PoH) protocol in its core which is a sequence of computations that provides a digital record that confirms that an event has occurred on the network at any point in time. It can be presented as a cryptographic clock that gives a timestamp to every transaction on the network, along with a data structure that can be a simple addition of it.
PoH relies on PoS using the Tower Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) algorithm, an optimized version of the practical Byzantine fault tolerance (pBFT) protocol. Solana uses it to reach a consensus. The Tower BFT keeps the network secure and running and acts as an additional tool to validate transactions.
Solana uses a 256-bit secure hash algorithm (SHA-256), a set of proprietary cryptographic functions that output a 256-bit value
Highest Claimed TPS: 65K
Finality: 6.4s
In term of outage, 2021 and 2022 can be the worst years for Solana as we have seen many outrages of the network. In Sept. 2021, a major outage was caused by a denial-of-service attack by bots spamming Raydium. In May 2022, bots invaded the network, causing a seven-hour outage. In June 2022, a consensus failure due to a bug caused another outage.
Aleph Zero has seen no outage yet and the network has been in stable status since launching, but it can be that the network is new with not many Dapps running at this point. It’s still early to say Aleph Zero consensus is better than Solana consensus, however the numbers so far say it’s better in term of technical aspects.
