I thought it's been voted against, are you sure?
Any user can switch to any consensus rules at any time. If you want to use BIP-110, then you are free to do so. If the chain will be too slow, because of lack of support from miners, then it is your problem, how to push your chain forward.
We will start applying the BIP-110 at the block height 961632
Which is when those, who signal for BIP-110, will form a separate chain, because of rejecting non-signalling blocks since then.
There hadn't been any voting planned (there isn't such a mechanism built in Bitcoin).
There is miner signalling, which can tell you, how fast each chain will be, after it will split. In normal circumstances, where new rules are enforced, only when the consensus is reached, there is no chain split. But when one side forces the other side to support a given rules, and rejects blocks which don't do that, then it causes a split, if the supporters of a new rule are in a minority. And BIP-110 is enforced by some nodes, even if 0% hashrate will support it, which means, that these users, in a minority, will have to deal with the current chain difficulty somehow, if they want to see their transactions confirmed.
BIP-110 is a security update and is activated by adoption
Of course, anyone can activate any new rules at any time. But if you do that without reaching consensus, then it is your problem. I can also tell, that "I don't like transaction X", make a soft-fork rejecting it, and switch to a minority client, which will enforce it. Just without miners, it wouldn't get far, because then, I would need to mine that chain by myself.
If changing network rules would be so easy, then we would have soft-forks every day. You can always type "invalidateblock <hash>" in your node, just because you don't like any part of that block, for any reason. But then, if other people are not doing the same thing, then it is your problem, how to push your chain forward.
Mining pools have neither rejected nor endorsed the BIP-110
They rejected it, by not signalling for it. Bitcoin is changed only when a new change can reach consensus, otherwise the current rules are enforced, without changing anything. Since block 961,632, they will keep mining things in the same way as today, which will cause all BIP-110 enforcers to reject their blocks, even if they will have 99% hashrate.
they are expected to follow the agreement
Miners have no reason to signal for BIP-110, which is why many of them don't, and why they will keep just ignoring it.
If you don't like that, then you are free to mine your chain by yourself. Your node, your choice, you can always use a coin, which is used by some minority, this is how altcoins are created: through disagreements like that. So, I expect a new BCH-like chain, where BIP-110 proponents will have their chain with their rules, which will be ignored by the rest of the community. And then, traders will decide, how much it is worth, when compared to the majority chain.
Anyway, some people still believe, that there will be no split, but OCEAN recently said otherwise:
https://x.com/ocean_mining/status/2076763510596407616Today we are announcing that OCEAN’s backend will be upgraded to follow multiple chains independently in the event of a BIP 110 chain split. If a split occurs, DATUM miners automatically continue on whichever chain their own node enforces, and OCEAN will credit rewards to a split share log for that chain, subject to the chain’s continued operation and to our Terms of Service. OCEAN will effectively operate as two pools from the split point.
Updated Terms of Service addressing split handling will be published before block 961632. We are building all this so our miners can receive rewards based on their own actions without adversely affecting other OCEAN miners.
So, you can believe, whatever you want. But if some mining pool is preparing things "in the event of a BIP 110 chain split", then just be ready, as a user, for that kind of outcome. Just be ready to make a decision, if you want to use BIP-110 chain, if it will be in a minority, and will be turned into an altcoin.
