Well, no. Actually the question is pretty vague. Do you class what we have now as transparent, or private? What would make it more transparent or more private in your opinion? Are you proposing modifying the core to achieve the extra privacy or transparency? If so, why? As the level of transparency will vary depending on whether you need to use a third party to complete your transaction and how much information they collect in the process.
If I buy something online and want it delivered, I have to give them my address to receive the item. There's nothing you can change in the "defaults", as you put it, that would alter that fact.
What I mean is that, as Bitcoin is currently being used. The default is transparency.
If I give you an address, even if it's a new one, and I someday use that address in a transaction without a mixer, you can follow the grouped inputs to estimate my bitcoin holdings etc. as bitcoin gets wider uses you can probably with little effort figure out what my spending habits are where I'm spending money etc.
This will probably be fine for Joe Schmoe in middle-class USA or something, but if you are a citizen in a country that "bans bitcoin" with lethal force (who knows, it could happen)... the public will have to either A. just sit there and take it. or B. be a super hacker 1337 programmer who can write their own coinjoin implementation of a stealth address diffie hellman shared secrets while using tor networks and blahblahblah...
So I am not talking about feasibility or any specific changes to the protocol. I am just asking, if you could go back in time and create the perfect Bitcoin network by changing Satoshi's hand at coding, how would you design the protocol in regards to privacy or transparency... I don't want to get into discussion of logistics on how it can be done etc.