-snip-
Doesn't seem to be confirmed yet right now either. It might have been the transaction size, which is 979 bytes. Perhaps a higher fee like 0.0005BTC or 0.001BTC would have made it confirm much quicker if this is an urgent deposit.
No, the fee is fine.
.0001 per kb. Size is <1kb.
Honestly, I've had transactions go 12 hours before confirming. They didn't even show on the network once, it was REALLY annoying but everyone assured me I just needed to wait. I do think it's sometimes a shortcoming of bitcoin but it did go through. Also if it never goes through it's my understanding there is a way to "cancel" the transaction so that you don't lose the money. So you'll be fine.
Thats probably due to bad propagation. If the miners do not know about your TX, they can not put it in a block.
Depending on the client it will just stop broadcasting the TX (or not) so it will be forgotten (or not) and you can make a new one (or not).