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[20140928]从四个角度对比特币与M-Pesa进行比较
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Topic: [20140928]从四个角度对比特币与M-Pesa进行比较 (Read 1385 times)
multiinone
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[20140928]从四个角度对比特币与M-Pesa进行比较
September 28, 2014, 01:49:38 AM
#1
M-Pesa概述
M-Pesa(M代表移动,Pesa在斯瓦希里语代表金钱的意思)这种数字货币形式已经在肯尼亚深深扎根。人们已经能熟练地使用他们的手机在对等的水平进行存钱和汇款。对于肯尼亚人而言,它在技术方面为他们带来了骄傲感和成就感,因为甚至在美国都没有这样的技术。因为M-Pesa已在肯尼亚深深扎根,因此关于比特币是否能在肯尼亚生存下去有很多的猜测。为了能正确回答这个问题,我们需要考虑很多可变因素;为了能了解这个问题的全貌,我们需要了解M-Pesa的整个故事。
M-Pesa是如何开始的?
最初的设想是建立一个系统,以此,不通过银行,而直接通过移动网络进行微型金融的还贷和收贷。这是因为在肯尼亚,银行普及率非常低,人们不得不走数公里才能到达银行。只有10%-15%的人口拥有银行账户。在总部设在英国的国际发展部门的帮助下,一些肯尼亚人提出了这个概念。M-Pesa在2006年推出,能为Safaricom公司和Vodacom公司(均为非洲移动通信运营商)提供移动汇款和“微型融资”服务。在其推出后不久,M-Pesa为广大群众所迅速接纳,并占据了肯尼亚金融交易的43%,海外汇款GDP的3%以上。
(图注:如何使用M-Pesa?到任何权威认可的M-Pesa机构并进行注册。你将会收到一条信息以确认你已经注册。现在你可以汇款、收款;通过西联国际汇款公司收取现金;支付你所有的账单;购买社交视频服务airtime。)
1.为什么M-Pesa获得了成功?
它的运作独立于银行体系。使用该服务不需要开通任何银行账户。M-Pesa成功的关键在于运行。他们设置的代理机构从城市到乡村几乎无处不在,普及率很高。无论你在肯尼亚的任何地方,你都能步行走到附近的M-Pesa代理机构。
转账的过程非常简单。到最近的M-Pesa代理机构,存现金,并可以随时随地获得所需的服务。用你手机上的M-Pesa代理注册一个账号,你就可以通过输入收款人的电话将钱汇给他。目前,在肯尼亚有近三分之二的银行未开户人口使用M-Pesa。
2.M-Pesa的问题有哪些?
商家或企业经营者不使用M-PESA,因为没有任何能证明收款或者汇款属实的证据记录。还有就是由于技术问题导致的交易延迟,在某些情况下延迟可能会持续一整天的时间。此外,双方——即汇款方和收款方——都需要支付代理佣金。要想汇100先令,那么汇款方和收款方都要支付30先令,所以要汇款100先令,总成本是60先令。
尽管M-Pesa在肯尼亚深深扎根,它的垄断已对想要利用它的一些初创企业造成了影响,M-Pesa的所有者们不允许这些初创者们使用M-Pesa并产出新的商机。M-Pesa的成功也引起了政府的注意并对交易进行了征税,尽管M-Pesa并不希望政府对此征税。
3.比特币如何解决这些问题?
M-Pesa的缺点为比特币提供了机会,M-Pesa失败之处就是比特币成功的开始。近4400万人生活在肯尼亚,近80%的人口使用手机。一个简单、加密、安全、无纳税,最重要的是,经济实惠的手机短信转账系统,可以取代M-Pesa。在肯尼亚,这很有可能变成现实。
M-Pesa对比特币的消极态度可能会置比特币于不利地位,因为未来会有公司开展比特币基础设施的建设,因为它是一个国际支付网关。比特币开创了开放支付系统的先河。这对汇款和商业十分重要,因为它直接剔除了中间商和网关看守人。
4.比特币可能会遇到的困难
在肯尼亚,比特币可能面临的最大困难之一是M-Pesa的垄断,这种垄断对于推销自己想法的新手来说是一种阻碍,M-Pesa利用其垄断地位,使新手们(只)能开展M-Pesa业务。目前的市场玩家们不允许新手们使用比特币,或推出一个竞争的服务。垄断导致经济体任由单一行业摆布,这是不利的。
此外比特币是风险货币,因为每个小时它的价值都在波动。人们对于一些比特币交易的安全问题比较担忧,如果一种非政府货币普遍盛行,那么人们可能还会受到政府的干涉。
因此对于肯尼亚的银行开户人口和非开户人口而言,比特币可能都是有利的。在肯尼亚引入比特币能否有完美的平台,以及平台的成功或者失败都会影响比特币的成功或者失败。如果比特币成功了,那么它可能是赋予普通肯尼亚大众的一个有价值的工具。
----
原文:
http://bitcoinpricelive.com/5-angles-comparison-bitcoin-m-pesa/
译者:高大尚
译者btc地址:1FvTb47rTFTSxNmj8iAAUw85oPhV5JbvbX
稿源(译):巴比特资讯(
http://www.8btc.com/4-angles-of-comparison-of-bitcoin-to-its-african-counterpart-m-pesa
)
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jiayuan
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Re: [20140928]从四个角度对比特币与M-Pesa进行比较
September 28, 2014, 12:14:37 PM
#2
如果一种非政府货币普遍盛行,那么人们可能还会受到政府的干涉。
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[20140928]从四个角度对比特币与M-Pesa进行比较
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