Have you checked this article by OcTradism?
Overview on DeFi.
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5256820.0

Also you can check this articles by Ratimov
Ratimov's Forum Guides, Tutorials & Lists
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5277049.0

Bitcoin developers have tried their best.

They created offline wallets, and also making it simple to handle for novice, example are hardware wallets.
They created online wallets that can be used offline, lime electrum wallet
They created multisignature wallet, so that if one of the private key is compromised, the users can move the bitcoin to another wallet, so that the fund is completely safe. Although, high transactions fee is the issue of multisig, but BIP340 to BIP342 have been established, only remaining it to be introduced into bitcoin core and other bitcoin wallets, to make multisig transactions indistinguishable from single payment wallets. And this will be introduced later.

Users needs to be conscious about their online activities too, someone that sends money to scammers during fake giveaway, is it the fault of bitcoin develpers, or someone that is making use of noncustodial exchange and the exchanges was hacked, or someone that is browising anyhow on his wallet computer and/or phone and bitcoin stolen as a result of malware. These are not the fault of developers.

About paper wallet, it is the most difficult wallet to deal with, that is why I can not advise newbies to use it as a way of holding unless he has asked people that knows about it very well to explain for him and out him through. If I want to use a paper wallet, I will look for ways to verify if the private key and the address matches before I can use it for holding.

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Edit:
Thanks, highly educated and constructed in easy to understand way.

I think this reply from LoyceV can be of help too.


But, I will like to know if there can be any way someone can check the validity of his paper wallet private key correponding to his address. I am thinking of Iamcoleman, but it is possible to use such to test the validity?

Some people do not know what hardware wallet is, but you need to be careful, because some thieves can know about it and force you to provide all necessary information needed to access it. But, you are lucky the thieves do not know what hardware wallet is. Next time, it will be good to save it in a place not accessible by thieves and other attackers. I created an article recently about how physical money are vulnerable to theft while fiats vulnerable to governmental manipulations, while bitcoin helps to solve the both problems.

Your transaction will be confirmed within this weekend, so if you are not in rush, do not bother yourself, it will be confirmed before Monday. But, in case, if you need the bitcoin to be confirmed as soon as possible, you can try what SquirrelJulietGarden has commented. Supposing you are using like electrum wallet, you will be able to pump the fee using RBF (please by fee) but I do not think mycelium support such.

But, alternatively, if you want to send to another address like now, and you have your recent balance output from the last transaction (your unconfirmed transaction), then, you can use CPFP (child pay for parent) to get the transaction confirmed by using normal to high transaction fee.

https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/bitcoin-laptop-wallet-virtual-currency-gold-1043355598

Introduction
Bitcoin, being the first and the most successful cryptocurrency, has being well adopted in many countries of the world which has reflected through its increasing marketcap and price that also proved it to be a well known deflationary currency. Bitcoin has been increasingly and successfully adopted and proven to not be a ponzi or regulated in any way by any centralized authority, everything about bitcoin is open source and available to the public to the extent bitcoin community are even regarded as the founder of bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto. Although, officially, Satoshi Nakamoto is the creator of bitcoin in 2009.

What money is
Many people do not know what money is, like I ones thought money is the first which are acceptable as a means of payment in individual countries, but this is a misconception. Money is anything that has intrinsic value and that can be spent. Good examples of money are bitcoin, other cryptocurrencies  (altcoins), gold and fiats. Among them all, is a money called bitcoin, created in 2009 and has now being greatly accepted and adopted in the world due to its decentralized nature.

Money vulnerable to theft and depreciation until the onset of bitcoin
Before the onset of bitcoin, all types of money were either vulnerable to theft or depreciation, there was a time in the past when there was money but no bank, people will still think of a way to protect their money, but at the time, money were vulnerable to theft. So, later comes bank, to help individual to keep their money, fiats was adopted and was accepted by all countries of the world, and money centralized regulation evolved. Now, fiats are manipulated, the manipulations are from governments because fiats are centrally regulated and due to this, money owned by individuals are manipulated and making fiats to be a depreciative asset. 
Money like gold that are physical are more vulnerable to theft while fiats kept in banks are more vulnerable to governmental manipulations. All these do not make money characteristics to be completely fulfilled until the onset of bitcoin that created indirect bridge known as blockchain between fiats and cryptocurrencies. Now, people can hold bitcoin in a way to do away with theft and central (governmental) manipulations.

Fiat inflation vulnerability
Although, the central bodies (governments) may not be blamed at times for the reason they are manipulating the fiats, especially while devaluating it during inflation, and can be blamed when their is excess fiat creation and introduced into circulation. Fiats are manipulated/devalued for the benefit of the country but making citizens of the country to lose and make their worth depreciating. That is why fiats needs alternative, a kind of money that will be easy to spend like fiats and yet not vulnerable to governmental manipulations, bitcoin created the bridge to that part.

There are many strong fiats, while some are weak and more volatile, a good example of strong fiat currency is dollar, and can be used as a good example of bitcoin-to-fiat price trend comparison. For the past decade, bitcoin hodlers have more increase of 20% in bitcoin price not actually as a result of bitcoin instrinsic price increase, but due to dollar that is not immune to devaluation and gradaully depreciating over the past years.

This was taken when bitcoin was at a price slightly above $10800 in accordance to a crypto news.
A decade ago bitcoin price gain
Limited supply + marketcap = 80% in bitcoin price
USD deprecuation = 20%
(Limited supply + marketcap) + USD deprecuation = 100% butcoin price trend.


https://cointelegraph.com/news/fiat-inflation-has-cost-bitcoin-hodlers-20-over-the-past-decade/amp

If you check some other countries like African, where fiats are more vulnerable to depreciation, these would be the worst cases. This is one of the major reasons the need for bitcoin especially. Normally, fiats are depreciating assets by design, while physical money can still be vulnerable to theft, but with expert knowledge about bitcoin, bitcoin is not vulnerable to theft, and also not vulnerable to governmental regulations. Bitcoin has limited supply of 21 million, and this makes it a deflationary currency, the more people adopt it, the more people make use of it and the more it is getting stronger, and also increasing in marketcap and price. Although, the price of bitcoin may seem decreasing at times, but later, the price will increase unlike fiats that are constantly depreciating.

Centralized (governmental) bodies compromising bitcoin and crypto in general.
Nowadays, governments have now being trying to make bitcoin so centralized, many people are now using bitcoin do not even know what private key or seed phrase is and depending on third party while not knowing the third party are actually third party due to how fiats are working, they thought bitcoin and other crypto works that way, therefore not even knowing about privacy. These are all wrong because bitcoin is a privacy currency, people can hold it without depending on any third party which is the best way to go while dealing with bitcoin with the current settings, some people even knowing about this but because of trading flexibility, they still keep their bitcoin and other crypto using centralized party services, which makes them not to be the owner of the coin on blockchian while the third party are not safe and secure.

People do not need to keep bitcoin with third party, you can keep it yourself without anyone knowing, all you need to do it to make use of noncustodial wallets, generate your seed phrase and/or private key. Storing the seedphrase and/or the private key in a safe place that is safe from thieves and damages. If the seed phrase and/or private key is compromised, that means all your funds are lost.

Some approaches towards seed phrase/private keys protection
Bitcoin is digitally created, users should be digitally conscious, while privacy, security and safety should be maintained. Malicious actors are also trying their best to steal bitcoin from people having it. But, there are many approches to avoid hackers from stealing bitcoin, few of this is discussed below.

1. Avoiding custodial services
There are different custodial services, although they have helped in bitcoin adoption, but still must be avoided, they make use of hot wallets to hold customers assets, while hot wallets are prone to hackers activities, and they are targeted by hackers because the custodial party keeps thousands to millions of customers assets. Most custodial services are often hacked and many have resulted to lost of users funds and never recovered.

2. Avoid using hot wallets for high savings
Although, hot wallet can be good for saving low amount of bitcoin, while experienced users can still avoid hackers by avoiding malware on the device used, but for saving high amount of bitcoin, cold wallets are best, and for ease of use and for frequent transactions, hardware wallet is good as a type of cold wallet.

3. Use of Shamir's secret sharing to protect seedphrase/private key
Seedphrase or any other sensitive information like private key can be protected by the use of shamir's secret sharing, in a way the the seed phrase is converted into secrets, and the secrets are divided into parts for high protection.

4. The use of multisignature wallet
Multisig wallets are wallets that can be regarded as M of N wallet, in which the wallet can be generated for N users having their own private keys while M users among the N users will be able to sign transactions. This makes it difficult for hackers to penetrate, even if one private key is compromised. It can also help in a way another wallet can be created and the bitcoin in the previous wallet is sent to new wallet if any of the M or N users lost his/her private key, or if anything like malicious activity is suspected.

There are still many other approaches, like having more than one wallet. But  the approaches to be used should not be too tedious in a way wallet owner will not be able to recover back his/her wallet during wallet lost.

Conclusion
Bitcoin is money, the first successful decentralized digital currency, which was created as an alternative to centralized fiats and also altenative to money that are vulnerable to physical thefts, thereby, fulfilling what early days money can not fulfill.

And, hardware walslet can satisfy this purpose. And, like you have commented, paper wallet serves no two purposes than for holding, it comes with only one private key, and can not be used for daily/frequent transaction purpose. But, if the person that wants to hodl is having $1000 to be saved in bitcoin and ether, I do not know why he should not get a good hardware wallet like ledger nano x or trezor, if he even want cheaper ones, ledger nano s or keepkey are perfect.

In my opinion, I like this concept, if someone wants to borrow funds (probably, coins other than bitcoin) a contract is created in which escrow will be generated, the borrower will deposit bitcoin as a collateral in the eswrow directly from his wallet, after that, the loan will be transferred by the person that wants to lend the person that wants to borrow and in accordance to the contract. So, if the borrower repay the fund, the bitcoin in escrow will be released and the borrower will take back his/bitcoin.
 
But, one question comes to my mind. So far no kyc is required, and not custodial, this is a good approach, but that means only bitcoin in escrow will the borrower be able to borrow in other currecy? Or will the borrower be able to borrow more than the bitcoin in escrow? And also, I will like it if we can discuss the monthly percentage gain of the lender. So, to know if the service will be good.

Borrowing stable coin is the best for this approach, like if some noticed there will be gain or increase in price of bitcoin, borrowing stable coin at such point is best.

Lending and borrowing fiat will not be appropriate because it will compromise privacy. Although, it would have been a lot easier if fiat can be borrowed.

nakamura12! You have done so well, I have checked some of your topics, you are good, continue being useful for us on the forum, you will rank up to Hero and then to legendary. I appreciate the reference, I am content with it. Let us continue posting quality and authentic posts, and see us ranked up to hero.

Congrats.

There is nothing hard about writing a topic or post generally, if you have not done it before, it can be hard, but practice makes perfection, I can see you ranking up, which means you can do it too like some ranked members once told me, the more you go the better you are. I believe you can see difference now from when you started, that you are better than before. Just be free, communicate what you think, if you are wrong in some aspect, experienced members will correct you, and listening is a requisite to progression on this forum and in many aspect of life. You are good, you do not have to be scared, fear will get you no where than making you not to progress the way you should. Be free.

Nigeria has been a blessed nation with milk and horny, Nigeria is blessed with Natural resources, they have one of the largest deposit of copper in the world, while there are many other natural resources embedded in their soil such as gold and tin. Nigerian is the largest producer of crude oil in Africa which is the major source of their export. There is no place in Nigeria that is a dessert, plants grow everywhere, especially on the southern parts, that is why Nigeria do plants many agricultural products in which they can also export. But, with how blessed Nigeria is, citizens still suffer, which is as a result of bad governmental policies that does nothing to the progress of the Nigeria.

The issue Nigeria is facing, why the country has not been good have no two main reasons, it is as a result of bad leadership, the leadership in Nigeria is poor, the leaders do not think about the citizens but only on their own and their families. Although, bad leadership has been the main reason but their are other few reasons to be included and be considered.

1. Bad leadership
Nigerian leaders are corrupt, it is clear and obvious, they do not serve but only leading, that is why most of the leaders are corrupt and embezzling money, that is why they are unable to save their money in Nigeria banks but saving it abroad. If Nigeria can get good leaders, they will be able lead rightly. The old people leading Nigeria has failed their country, they should leave in peace and let the youths or peiple that are capable of, to take over and see what will hapoen, maybe the country will not progress.

2. Corruption
Nigeria should try to fight corruption, currption starts from the leaders while it is passed to citizens, if truth be told, Nigerians are corrupt, they are not truthful to themselves, to the extent a child is not fully loyal to his father, and fathers not want to give all it takes to make their children truthful, nobody wants to be truthful, I have seen many people from Nigeria saying they believe a white stranger than a black person that they know. So, our level of trust is low as a result of corruption. If Nigerians are loyal and truthful, there will be change. And there should be solution to what could be implemented to fight corruption that will be effective, unlike EFCC that their former leader, Ibrahim Magu was evil and corrupt, leaving the bad leaders alone as friends but making life miserable for citizens that have no help, but also extorting money and properties from them.

3. Money embezzling
Nigerian leaders like to embezzling money, it is because they only take oath but not truthful to the oath they took, that is why there will be missing funds but the leader that stole/embezzle the money will not be known, even if known, the matter will die down in court with the court not bringing it up again. The leaders do not think about how citizens are suffering but only thinking about themselves and their families.

4. Nigerians only think about running out of the country, not thinking of possible solutions
80% of Nigerians wish to leave the country, but their is no just chance, some were able to leave but died in Mediterranean sea, all because they want to enter Europe for better live, some were turned into modern slaves in Libia, and a lot of things not yet talked about all because Nigeria was miserable for them and trying to travel out of the country for better living. I always feel for these people, while the governments will be flying out of the country with their jets making money not to circulate the way it ought to and yet not making the country to develop.

5. Developing our healthcare and other sectors
Nigeria leader should lead by example, but they are not because our health care is bad, president, governors and rich people always go for medical treatment abroad, this is not happening in Europe, or in America or Asia, why is Africa case different in the world, and why is Nigeria case the worst. They keep on emblzing money not taking care of our health care. Hospitals that are not good enough is what they leave for their citizen whereas they are going abroad for treatment and checkups.

6. Leaders with abroad's green card should be dethroned or demoted
If you check the leaders citizenship, most of them have either UK or American green card, they are citizens to UK or America while leading Nigeria, is this called for? No. They will give birth to their children abroad so that their children can be citizen of white country and also Nigeria. That is why I have seen a white saying Nigerians are too wise, the type of wise that makes us foolish. If leaders are claiming abroad, the youths should stand and make sure they do all they can to make them not to be leaders anymore. Leaders are examples, they should not be claimimg the citizen of another country, they are bad examples.

7. Reconstruction
Nigeria has to undergo reconstruction, they should practice regional governments, leaving the South South to manage their crude oil, while individual region managing what they have, this will be better than the federal government to be doing all which has resulted into failure, if we continue to practise the current system, Nigeria can not be good.

8. Illiteracy
Nigeria proved the point that not all that when to school are actually educated, our leaders went to school but not educated, what will a president that calls covid-19, covic 1 9 render the country? People only take it as a joke but it is more than a joke. Nigerians are choosing leaders that are not educated.


If bad leaders are removed, then these below factors can be considered to help the country to move forward, and help in its growth and development. I supposed to have addressed some above but this are well explained below.

Factors Affecting Economic Development and Growth
Economists generally agree that economic development and growth are influenced by four factors: human resources, physical capital, natural resources and technology. Highly developed countries have governments that focus on these areas. Less-developed countries, even those with high amounts of natural resources, will lag behind when they fail to promote research in technology and improve the skills and education of their workers.


1. The Impact of Human Resources
The skills, education and training of the labor force have a direct effect on the growth of an economy. A skilled, well-trained workforce is more productive and will produce a high-quality output that adds efficiency to an economy. A shortage of skilled labor can be a deterrent to economic growth. An under-utilized, illiterate and unskilled workforce will become a drag on an economy and may possibly lead to higher unemployment.

2. Investment in Physical Capital
Improvements and increased investment in physical capital – such as roadways, machinery and factories – will reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of economic output. Factories and equipment that are modern and well-maintained are more productive than physical labor. Higher productivity leads to increased output. Labor becomes more productive as the ratio of capital expenditures per worker increases. An improvement in labor productivity increases the growth rate of the economy.

3. Quantity and Availability of Natural Resources
The quantity and availability of natural resources affect the rate of economic growth. The discovery of more natural resources, such as oil or mineral deposits, will give a boost to the economy by increasing a country's production capacity. The effectiveness of a county at utilizing and exploiting its natural resources is a function of the skills of the labor force, type of technology and the availability of capital. Skilled and educated workers are able to use these natural resource to spur the growth of the economy. And it is very clear that Nigeria have enough natural resources that can help the country to be great but it is being mismanaged.

4. Improvements in Technology
Improvements in technology have a high impact on economic growth. As the scientific community makes more discoveries, managers find ways to apply these innovations as more sophisticated production techniques. The application of better technology means the same amount of labor will be more productive, and economic growth will advance at a lower cost. Nigeria is lacking and behind if talking about technology, they have a long way to go, they are depending on whites to provide such for them instead of them to focus on improving in technology.

Countries that recognize the importance of the four factors that affect economic growth will have higher growth rates and improved standards of living for their people. Technological innovation and more education for workers will improve economic output which lead to a better living environment for everyone. Increases in labor productivity are much easier to achieve when investments are made on better equipment that require less physical work from the labor force. So, it will be good if Nigeria pay attention to this.

https://smallbusiness.chron.com/factors-affecting-economic-development-growth-1517.html

Brainboss don talk sense and always dey talk sense, I dey happy sey I see the name 'Africa' don change to Nigeria. We be Naija, while we all dey communicate for our pigin for here, no other Africa person don join us but us only wey be true blood of Naija. I dey happy the first time I saw this thread but come happy more today as the name don change. I hail our mentor for here, Brainboss for doing that.

I go encourage we Naija as Brainboss don talk ham, to dey post for here, even if na ones in a week, e go make sense to be able to fight for our local board, if admin see ham sey we worth having one, they go give us, and waiting we fit dey do to making us getting stronger to be able to worth local board na to make here active o. We go dey ask admin until our dream dey fulfill.

That is not all, only Nigeria SARS take along with them POS they use to collect money from people. They do follow people to ATM machine location before and still often, but they later deploying better ways to make it easier and resorting to POS payment. Nigerian SARS are indeed devil, even if not worse than devil.

Reserved.

I do not think that title really fit the topic, because SARS kill innocent Nigerians even during the day and as well as dhring the night. Raping allegations, money extortion, unlawful detentions and many more are characteristics of Nigerian SARS, they are more than wicked than vampires that sucks blood and operating at anytime of the day, they are nothing than imposters wearing federal government's given uniform.

If you are looking good, they will arrest you with false allegations
If you are driving car, they will arrest you with false allegations
If you are working from home as a freelancer, you are a criminal to Nigerian SARS
If you use bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies, then you are a criminal to Nigeria SARS
If you are using vpn on your phone, that means you are cyber criminal to them, not to talk of tor browsers
They always try their best making sure they collect money from someone, including the innocents.

Nigerian SARS are friends to real cyber criminals
People that are the real cyber criminas, they find ways to know this SARS, they become friends with them, SARS not threatening them because they are friends, and making life good for them. Cyber criminals do not fear SARS in Nigeria, it is EFCC that they are afraid of a little bit, and still they bribe some of them and mingling with them. Cyber criminals only bribe and they are set free and enjoying in the country while innocents are excited, unlawfully imprisoned or killed.

SARS are protecting the cyber criminals because of the bribery while making life miserable and tormenting for good and innocent citizens that are looking good.

SARS must end in Nigeria. Nigeria SARS has to be dissolved and forgotten in its entirety..

First of all, just know that PoW is very important, it helps miners producing companies (companies producing mining equipments) to produce more miners, it helps electricity companies to earn more money, it helps other companies like solar producing companies and other companies producing the equipment required for PoW mining like cooling machines companies as well. I wonder what will happen if all these are no more than the PoS that will be centralized eventually.

I do not understand your point, how can PoS result to stabilizing the bitcoin supply, and I do not know how PoW as contributed to lost of bitcoin, all of your statements are not correct. The only reason you can request for PoS is for scalability issue, and I think bitcoin will still find better ways to go about this than PoS.

I do not get your point, what manipulation are you implying? As successful as bitcoin is, and bitcoin is getting more stronger in marketcap and blockchain rigidity. So, what's your point?

What we people have known very well and have noticed is that many organizations are trying to make bitcoin and cryptocurrencies in general to be centralized, they are working towards centralization which is failing people but those centralized bodies and governments will not accept the fact. And many people do not know about this, all they like is to do kyc and follow the rules and regulations of these centralized bodies, but the centralized bodies are indirectly making them to be more vulnerable to cyber attacks, making them not safe and secure, and also not letting them realized what the initial purpose of money is which bitcoin has started to create. There is nothing we can do than to only be educating these people how custodial means of keeping bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies is very dangerous.

1. Not your key not your coin
We should know that if we do not have the private keys to our bitcoin, that means we are not just the owner on blockchain. This also applies to all cryptocurrencies. It will be the third party that will be controlling it for us.

2. High transaction fees in custodial wallets and exchanges
One of the issues we are still facing is the scalability issue, but there are ways we bitcoin users are still going about it. On my noncustodial wallets like electrum, I can still make transactions with a very small fee, I can adjust the fee the way I want and still even reduce it and make it flexible for me by making use of bitcoin network condition (congested or not congested) to regulate the fee and make a low fee transaction, unlike on custodial parties, their fee is very high. The reason is that, on noncustodial wallet, I only pay fee to miners during transactions, but on custodial, the fee are paid to the custodial providers, while out of 100% of the fee, the custodial providers only pay 30% or less to miners.

3. Issue of scam
Customer data can breach and known to hackers on custodial wallets and exchanges, it can even happen in a way the custodial party will not know such has happened until the hackers demand for ransom to remove ransomware on their database. This can also lead to a means by which the hackers will know vital information through the kyc leak about the customers and leading to stealing of bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies from the customer as a result of hack directly on the customers device.

So, I will not advise anyone to use custodial services, they are extremely dangerous, and also, they are highly vulnerable by design, that is why custodial wallets and exchanges are often hacked.

Thanks for congratulating me. About relaxing, this forum is good and addictive, and I do not think there is any possibility of me relaxing, anytime I see a post to reply to, I will have to, no matter what, that is why this forum is alive, because we users are active. And, anytime I see an interesting topic to bring to the forum, I will not hesitate to bring such topics in here. Or, to make it simpler, this forum is now part of my daily activities, it is now part of me.

Thanks also. I understand what you implied, that is the nature of men, and saying it takes away the jealousness. I can see you ranking up too, and I expect you at the top and ranking up more and getting to legendary one day.

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You are right, when I started, knowing nobody, I thought the merit system will be biased, but also I did not think about that much. I tried to learn about the forum, about how posts will have quality, this really changed my thought about merit system after I created my first two topics and having 8 merits. The only one secret which is also not a secret to ranking up are quality and authentic posts. That is why I always advice newbies to concentrate and know how this forum works so they can rank up.

I am greeting our wonderful campaign manager, Hhampuz, I have ranked up to Senior member, just notifying in case there is a sr member open slot available. I have wore sr member signature already.