Trekking a curious path via Wikipedia, or: Wikichain.

[Gleb Gamow]

However, these applications may be necessary for some preventative care of trees and other vegetation in areas of degraded or weedy landscapes.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasive_species


Beavers from North America constitute an invasive species in Tierra del Fuego, where they have a substantial impact on landscape and local ecology through their dams.

[Gleb Gamow]

One such facilitative mechanism is allelopathy, also known as chemical competition or interference competition, where a plant secretes chemicals that make the surrounding soil uninhabitable, or at least inhibitory, to competing species.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allelopathy


Casuarina equisetifolia litter completely suppresses germination of understory plants as shown here despite the relative openness of the canopy and ample rainfall (>120 cm/yr) at the location

[Gleb Gamow]

Allelopathy is characteristic of certain plants, algae, bacteria, coral, and fungi.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algae


Rock lichens in Ireland

[Gleb Gamow]

The Algal Collection of the US National Herbarium (located in the National Museum of Natural History) consists of approximately 320,500 dried specimens, which, although not exhaustive (no exhaustive collection exists), gives an idea of the order of magnitude of the number of algal species (that number remains unknown).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History


Ford Model T parked in front of the National Museum in 1926

[Gleb Gamow]

Additionally, the Smithsonian's National Gem and Mineral Collection houses approximately 35,000 meteorites, which is considered to be one of the most comprehensive collections of its kind in the world.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorite


A cut and polished slice of the Esquel meteorite, a stony-iron pallasite. Yellow-green olivine crystals are encased in the iron-nickel matrix.

[Gleb Gamow]

Although such disruption events are uncommon, they can cause a considerable concussion to occur; the famed Tunguska event probably resulted from such an incident.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunguska_event


The Southern swamp—the hypocentre of the Tunguska explosion—in 2008

[Gleb Gamow]

Most likely it was between 10 and 15 megatons of TNT (42 and 63 PJ), and if so, the energy of the explosion was about 1,000 times greater than that of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan; roughly equal to that of the United States' Castle Bravo ground-based thermonuclear test detonation on March 1, 1954; and about two-fifths that of the Soviet Union's later Tsar Bomba (the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Bravo


Castle Bravo mushroom cloud

[Gleb Gamow]

In Mike the fallout correctly landed north of the inhabited area but, in the 1954 Bravo test, there was a lot of wind shear, and the wind that was blowing north the day before the test steadily veered towards the east.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_shear


Strong wind shear in the high troposphere forms the anvil-shaped top of this mature cumulonimbus cloud, or thunderstorm.

[Gleb Gamow]

In the tropics, tropical waves move from east to west across the Atlantic and eastern Pacific basins.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Ocean


Tahuna maru islet, French Polynesia

[Gleb Gamow]

The equator subdivides it into the North Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean, with two exceptions: the Galápagos and Gilbert Islands, while straddling the equator, are deemed wholly within the South Pacific.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A1pagos_Islands


Blue-footed booby

[Gleb Gamow]

European discovery of the Galápagos Islands occurred when Spaniard Fray Tomás de Berlanga, the fourth Bishop of Panama, sailed to Peru to settle a dispute between Francisco Pizarro and his lieutenants.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peru


The citadel of Machu Picchu, an iconic symbol of pre-Columbian Peru

[Gleb Gamow]

In pre-Hispanic times, musical expressions varied widely in each region; the quena and the tinya were two common instruments.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quena


The quena is a South American wind instrument, mostly used by Andean musicians

[Gleb Gamow]

In most of Andes' towns "vamos a ir a la quena" (we will go to the quena) was a popular sentence to threaten little children, because the quena was made of totora, a hard material.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andes


A male Andean cock-of-the-rock, a species found in humid Andean forests of Peru, the country of which it is the national bird.

[Gleb Gamow]

The vicuña and guanaco can be found living in the Altiplano, while the closely related domesticated llama and alpaca are widely kept by locals as pack animals and for their meat and wool.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpaca


Guanacos (wild parent species of llamas) near Torres del Paine, Chile

[Gleb Gamow]

Twins are rare, occurring about once per 1000 deliveries.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin


A pair of female ere ibeji twin figures (early 20th-century) in the permanent collection of The Children's Museum of Indianapolis. Yoruba people have the highest twinning rate in the world.

[Gleb Gamow]

In a study on the maternity records of 5750 Hausa women living in the Savannah zone of Nigeria, there were 40 twins and 2 triplets per 1000 births.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hausa_people


The 15th century Gobarau minaret in Katsina.

[Gleb Gamow]

Depending on their location and occupation, they may wear a Tuareg-style turban around this to veil the face (known as Alasho or Tagelmust).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagelmust


A cheche, worn by a woman.

[Gleb Gamow]

A tagelmust (also known as cheich or cheche) is an indigo dyed cotton garment with the appearance of both a veil and a turban.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigo_dye


Pot of freeze-dried indigo dye

[Gleb Gamow]

It is the blue of blue jeans.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeans


A traditional female Genoese dress in "blue jeans" (1890s)

[Gleb Gamow]

The used or "acid wash" look is created by means of abrading the jeans and/or treating them with chemicals, such as acryl resin, phenol, a hypochlorite, potassium permanganate, caustic soda, acids etc.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_washing#Acid-washed_jeans


Ronald Reagan wearing stonewash denim associated with Western clothing, 1970s.