Bitcoin difficulty is now almost 2 billion and rising daily. Because of this, miners are continually being forced to invest in bigger, more powerful chips to have any hope of claiming a block and the reward that goes along with it.
Currently miners are rewarded 25 BTC for each block they successfully add to the blockchain. In July this reward will be cut in half, so rather than being paid approx. $12,500USD for each block, miners will be paid approx. $6,000.
In addition to this reward, miners also get all of the transaction fees for each transaction that forms part of their block. The higher the transaction fees offered by the transferee, the bigger the profit for the miner. So, as we have seen daily, when forming a block, miners look to include transactions for which users have paid a higher transaction fee.
With bitcoin halving fast approaching, miners are already starting to project huge declines in profits. Some have already declared bankruptcy and others will follow.
See here:
https://www.cryptocoinsnews.com/bitcoin-miner-kncminer-declares-bankruptcy/With fewer miners, the funnel through which all BTC transactions must flow, gets smaller and smaller. There have already been numerous cases of delayed or lost transactions as miners seek to profit by selecting only the highest rates of returns (processing only those transactions that come with a high transaction fee). It would be reasonable to expect that as miners leave the BTC scene, transaction times will decrease further for all but those who are willing to pay ever increasing transaction fees.
Eventually we will reach a point where the only reward coming to miners will be through transaction fees and though many suggest this won't be for many years, the fact is that the implications of what's to come can already be seen and felt.
We will reach a point where there are very few miners operating and their sole opportunity for profit will come through transaction fees. As Bitcoin becomes more centralized in the hands of a few miners and almost all transactions flowing through mining farms in China, the prospect of a Bitcoin mining monopoly looms larger and larger.
So what do you think is likely to happen to transaction fees at that point?