Info Ive been looking for is:
Number of total coins (seen in OP)
Block solve time
Reward per block
Does the reward drop after XX blocks?
No max coins, though the amount of coins awarded slowly decrease with difficulty increases. At some point though unless ASICs for primecoin are developed, existing processors will take a long time to solve the increasingly difficult prime chains.
Block solve time is variable, not fixed. Depends on when someone solves the current block. The block refresh time though is 1 minute so transmissions move quickly.
Currently it is about 12 XPM, it is slowly decreasing.
It drops by a fractional amount constantly. Not sure of the equation, I think it is based though on k (chain length)