Hi ,
I want to learn fatwa of bitcoin. I mean Im not 100 % sure of it , because ( I think) the way how bitcoin created and value of it is not so clear.
Is there any fatwa that you know from some hanafi(or other Islamic) scholars? Although , Im fan of bitcoin and also investor of it. I cant spend it with inner calm.
AsSalam aleikum, (May Peace(one of the names/attributes of Allah) be upon/with you)
I have been researching this topic since it is my sincere desire to comply with the will of the Most High and, wAllahi, if I truly believed bitcoin was inherently haram (forbidden) I would sell everything right now and donate the proceeds to charity.
The case for fiat money being haram is much stronger since in its most benign form it represents trading in debt, and when it is issued based on the issue of Federal Reserve notes that represent interest denominated debt, even more so.
The mathematics that underly bitcoin, just like gold, are not the creation of Satoshi Nakamoto, but the creation of the All Powerful and All Knowing. Just like the properties of the physical universe that cause an airplane to fly, it is merely the discovery by humans of the knowledge given to us by the Creator and Sustainer of the universe that allows us to fly around the planet.
As Allah via the Archangel Jibril (Gabriel) via the Holy Prophet Muhammed (may peace and prayer be on him) tells us in Ayat al Kursi, the Verse of the Throne, (2:255)
"And they comprehend not anything of His Knowledge save as He wills."
It was Muslim mathematicians who introduced the algorithms that form the basis of both modern computer science and the bitcoin protocol.
The mining of bitcoin also represents the maintenance of the bitcoin network, so it represents real work, not gambling.
Gambling is a win-lose transaction. If you win in gambling, it is because other people lost. It is also addictive, and these are among the reasons it is forbidden- because the divine law (shari'ah) is guidance and mercy on us to live in the best way for ourselves and for others, in this life and in the future life.
No one loses when a bitcoin mining award is given to a miner or pool. The miners work to maintain the network, and are rewarded with bitcoin. This wealth is not removed from anyone.
Purchasing bitcoin with fiat as a store of wealth is no different than trading silver for gold, except that lawfully obtained silver or gold are unquestionably halal (permitted), whereas the permissibility of paper currency issued by national central banks is more questionable.
Furthermore, bitcoin allows Muslims to do business without dealing with immoral institutions like almost all modern banking institutions and thereby supporting these institutions.
That being said, if you purchase bitcoin with the belief that the price will go up or sell it for fear the price will go down, this transaction would fall under the category of speculation and be haram. As narrated by Omar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, the Prophet of Allah said "Deeds are [a result] only of the intentions [of the actor], and an individual is [rewarded] only according to that which he intends."
If you purchase bitcoin with the intent of conducting business in a more lawful way, to avoid supporting the tyranny of the current monetary regime as instituted by the U.S. and Britain, where the IMF and World Bank were created, and you do this for the sake of Allah, glory be to Him, then this could be, inshaAllah, a form of ibadah (worship).
If you purchase bitcoin because you want to get rich and you think price is going to go up, this purchase becomes speculation, and could be a sin.
On the other hand, bitcoin could also be considered a joint venture, like a stock, and most scholars agree purchasing shares in a company is permitted. After all, bitcoin is also a collective enterprise whose success depends on all of the bitcoin owners and users. In this sense, even if the price goes up it could be regarded as lawful.
I BELIEVE FIRMLY THAT ZAKAT ON BITCOIN IS OBLIGITORY.
I am not a scholar and I have no authority to transmit legal opinion, but I have spent many hours of research on this topic and perhaps this can be of use to my believing brothers and sisters and those who hear the call to Islam. Anything correct in this statement is from Allah and any error is my own human weakness.
Thank you for reading, and may Allah guide us toward what is lawful and good and protect us from that which is harmful and forbidden and may Allah guide us to good works and paradise. And all praise is due to the Lord of the Worlds. Amin.