The psychology of betting.....

[LUCKMCFLY]

Yes , I completely agree with what you say, it may be that many do not control their way of gambling and that may leave them without money at a certain time , that is why I say if I have , let's say, 30usd willing to lose playing, I do it and I play with all the freedom possible, but without exceeding those 30usd, for me that is having responsibility, and it is as you say, when you have a wife, children, and you want to play in a casino , you should have even more responsibility, because you don't there is an excuse if someone spends the money that is earmarked for the expense of basic things or basic needs for them.

If you have set 30 usdt to gamble and then lose and deposit some more money then it is a mistake not your responsibility because you cannot be sure that the money you have deposited can generate a certain amount of money because in gambling what will definitely come is defeat.
A family member can still gamble if he can control his finances so that what should be for the family is not lost in gambling.
A gambler must always have a sense of responsibility in making every decision so that what he does still has limits and is not too careless because gambling can spend any amount of money in just a short time.

If I give 30usd as an example , it is to give an idea of what is coming and how a balance can be managed within the casino , I think that the person who enters 30usd in a casino has to know that those 30usd are totally willing to lose them, but they are in the player to see how he manages that money , if he wants to make some bets with 1 or 2 usd , or if he bets more , that is already a matter of seeing how it is done or how he Wants to bet If the player takes those 30usd to 45 or more usd , it is already a profit , one should not think that in a short time he will take those 30usd to 300 , 3000 usd , I consider that this Requires a lot of time and Patience.

[1715255269]

1715255269

[1715255269]

1715255269

[Don Pedro Dinero]

A lot of my friends believe that it is better to spin the Slots manually, because "Auto spin" are rigged by the casinos... but that is also a myth. A lot of things come into play when a bet is made and it has nothing to do with the "auto bet" feature. (Client Seed / Server Seed & RNG and RTP ...)

Have you pressed the "bet" button, before the reels have stopped.. thinking that it will give you a favorable outcome on your bet? Well, I have news for you... the outcome has been decided in milliseconds after you pressed the button for the bet, the GUI interface happens long after that to display the outcome of the bet to you.   (Go into the developer mode of your browser to see this)

What patterns do you see and how much do you believe in it?

I don't. It is one thing if the slot or roulette wheel is rigged, but if it is not, which is what will happen if you play on a trusted site, there are no patterns. Each spin is completely random and the patterns are more like mental constructs that people make by drawing lines over the past but which are not useful for predicting the future, and if they ever match the prediction according to their pattern with the actual outcome, it is by coincidence. The results are based on pure randomness.

[Josefjix]

If you have set 30 usdt to gamble and then lose and deposit some more money then it is a mistake not your responsibility because you cannot be sure that the money you have deposited can generate a certain amount of money because in gambling what will definitely come is defeat.
A family member can still gamble if he can control his finances so that what should be for the family is not lost in gambling.
A gambler must always have a sense of responsibility in making every decision so that what he does still has limits and is not too careless because gambling can spend any amount of money in just a short time.

Gambling is completely out of the question for me; I would never put myself in a position where I would set aside a certain amount of money to gamble, then lose it all and try again the next day, making more significant money, of course I would be upset with myself, because no money becomes pointless money; we make good use of it to solve our pending problems. Gambling without control means you're losing money and should exercise prudence before doing something delusional. I never underestimated my circumstance at the gambling stage and dealt with it on time inother to avoid addiction.

[tusandii]

-snip-

If you have set 30 usdt to gamble and then lose and deposit some more money then it is a mistake not your responsibility because you cannot be sure that the money you have deposited can generate a certain amount of money because in gambling what will definitely come is defeat.
A family member can still gamble if he can control his finances so that what should be for the family is not lost in gambling.
A gambler must always have a sense of responsibility in making every decision so that what he does still has limits and is not too careless because gambling can spend any amount of money in just a short time.

If I give 30usd as an example , it is to give an idea of what is coming and how a balance can be managed within the casino , I think that the person who enters 30usd in a casino has to know that those 30usd are totally willing to lose them, but they are in the player to see how he manages that money , if he wants to make some bets with 1 or 2 usd , or if he bets more , that is already a matter of seeing how it is done or how he Wants to bet If the player takes those 30usd to 45 or more usd , it is already a profit , one should not think that in a short time he will take those 30usd to 300 , 3000 usd , I consider that this Requires a lot of time and Patience.

In a casino the balance cannot be managed properly because many unexpected things can happen so that to be able to make better financial decisions will be very difficult to do.
For example, if there is a very large chance of winning plus Odds that can be owned properly, even then a gambler's stance will falter and be tempted to take bets with larger amounts so that to be able to minimize financial management will fail.
You should be able to understand this kind of thing because a gambler's emotional level is always high and cannot be controlled easily when there is an opportunity in sight.

[@forxample]

^

It's a great approach to gambling.

I had times when I tried to beat the casino and sometimes it worked, but eventually I came to the understanding that gambling is only for fun, the only thing you need to control is the financial expenditure. Neither chasing after winnings, nor trying to win back past losses do not lead to a good thing, and the game for $50-100 a week is a great opportunity to unload yourself from constant stress and hard work.

It's difficult, for example, to play gambling without chasing victory. Or just having fun. However, when we play what we are after is victory and the pinnacle of fun while playing is winning. And what keeps a person in gambling is the wins they get.

Controlling emotions while playing is the key not to experience big losses in the game. When you experience defeat, it is a sign for you to immediately stop playing. And when you get a win, it's a sign for you to finish the game right away, don't let the wins you get run out to play again at the same time.

[Doan9269]

It's a great approach to gambling.

I had times when I tried to beat the casino and sometimes it worked, but eventually I came to the understanding that gambling is only for fun, the only thing you need to control is the financial expenditure. Neither chasing after winnings, nor trying to win back past losses do not lead to a good thing, and the game for $50-100 a week is a great opportunity to unload yourself from constant stress and hard work.

So many gamblers believe in the psychological aspect of gambling that we must have sensed it before betting that we are going to win whenever we are about to gamble, it somehow occur to us unconsciously that we perceived this feelings, it's what we have the indications for right from the beginning that we are going to have a better experience with what we are about to do after seeing all the information needed were already made available and that we are optimistic to gamble and see ourselves winning already even before the match begins.

[tiCeR]

A lot of my friends believe that it is better to spin the Slots manually, because "Auto spin" are rigged by the casinos... but that is also a myth. A lot of things come into play when a bet is made and it has nothing to do with the "auto bet" feature. (Client Seed / Server Seed & RNG and RTP ...)

Have you pressed the "bet" button, before the reels have stopped.. thinking that it will give you a favorable outcome on your bet? Well, I have news for you... the outcome has been decided in milliseconds after you pressed the button for the bet, the GUI interface happens long after that to display the outcome of the bet to you.   (Go into the developer mode of your browser to see this)

What patterns do you see and how much do you believe in it?

I don't. It is one thing if the slot or roulette wheel is rigged, but if it is not, which is what will happen if you play on a trusted site, there are no patterns. Each spin is completely random and the patterns are more like mental constructs that people make by drawing lines over the past but which are not useful for predicting the future, and if they ever match the prediction according to their pattern with the actual outcome, it is by coincidence. The results are based on pure randomness.

Not only are people trying to construct patterns based on past events, but they would very often neglect the house's edge mathematically. When they calculate the odds they often think that Roulette also having a neutral 0 when they bet on red and black could be neglected because it is statistically insignificant. But it isn't. As you said that are mental constructs and even tiny percentage numbers accumulate to very significant variables when they play repeatedly for a very long time. As a bottom line everyone should understand that gambling is a losing activity and suited for short-term amusement.

[michellee]

^

It's a great approach to gambling.

I had times when I tried to beat the casino and sometimes it worked, but eventually I came to the understanding that gambling is only for fun, the only thing you need to control is the financial expenditure. Neither chasing after winnings, nor trying to win back past losses do not lead to a good thing, and the game for $50-100 a week is a great opportunity to unload yourself from constant stress and hard work.

It's difficult, for example, to play gambling without chasing victory. Or just having fun. However, when we play what we are after is victory and the pinnacle of fun while playing is winning. And what keeps a person in gambling is the wins they get.

Controlling emotions while playing is the key not to experience big losses in the game. When you experience defeat, it is a sign for you to immediately stop playing. And when you get a win, it's a sign for you to finish the game right away, don't let the wins you get run out to play again at the same time.

Gambling is just for fun and not to make money. And if anyone wants to earn or make money from gambling, they should think again because it won't be easy and they could lose a lot of money. And it depends on their goals in playing gambling because if they just want to have fun, they don't think about chasing the win.

Many people think they can recover their losses, but instead of quitting, they try to play a few rounds to see how good their luck is. But what is there is that they have experienced perhaps more losses than before.

And only having self-control can prevent you from losing a lot. But unfortunately, only a few gamblers can really control themselves while gambling so they can stop on time.

[jostorres]

If you have set 30 usdt to gamble and then lose and deposit some more money then it is a mistake not your responsibility because you cannot be sure that the money you have deposited can generate a certain amount of money because in gambling what will definitely come is defeat.
A family member can still gamble if he can control his finances so that what should be for the family is not lost in gambling.
A gambler must always have a sense of responsibility in making every decision so that what he does still has limits and is not too careless because gambling can spend any amount of money in just a short time.

Gambling is completely out of the question for me; I would never put myself in a position where I would set aside a certain amount of money to gamble, then lose it all and try again the next day, making more significant money, of course I would be upset with myself, because no money becomes pointless money; we make good use of it to solve our pending problems. Gambling without control means you're losing money and should exercise prudence before doing something delusional. I never underestimated my circumstance at the gambling stage and dealt with it on time inother to avoid addiction.

Well, if everyone had a mindset of that kind, I bet there wouldn't be any gambling addicts, but unfortunately, that's not the case. I wouldn't call responsible gamblers bad because if they can afford to do it and have some fun, there is nothing wrong with that. We all spend money on ourselves and on what gives us joy in our lives, so I don't see anything bad in spending a small sum on gambling if you enjoy it and if it doesn't make you gamble more.

But those who spend a lot of money on gambling and have absolutely no limit on how much they spend every week or every month are obviously doing it the wrong way. One shouldn't spend a lot of money on gambling only with the hope that they will make more than it because that barely happens.

[rahmad2nd]

Gambling is just for fun and not to make money. And if anyone wants to earn or make money from gambling, they should think again because it won't be easy and they could lose a lot of money. And it depends on their goals in playing gambling because if they just want to have fun, they don't think about chasing the win.

Many people think they can recover their losses, but instead of quitting, they try to play a few rounds to see how good their luck is. But what is there is that they have experienced perhaps more losses than before.

And only having self-control can prevent you from losing a lot. But unfortunately, only a few gamblers can really control themselves while gambling so they can stop on time.

The idea of ​​gambling just for fun is the most ideal method, so that we avoid potential addiction. But even that is conditional, must be balanced with self-control and responsibility. maybe, for you, we, us, this idea is very familiar. but for most beginners, this kind of idea would not have occurred to them.

This notion too, does not necessarily mean that we cannot make a profit from gambling. there are many methods to make money gambling, even if the concept is just for fun. because, our goal in gambling is none other than risking our money and at the same time bringing in income if luck is on our side. but unfortunately, the concept of the idea of ​​having fun is mostly allegorical. because in practice, it's not uncommon for us to get carried away when doing gambling sessions. or even, it could be that emotions control us more. not infrequently, we are carried away by an atmosphere that ends in successive defeats. So how wise would it be if the idea of ​​simply having fun in gambling was balanced, with both self-control and responsibility. that way, at least we have more limits when conducting gambling sessions.

[LUCKMCFLY]

^

It's a great approach to gambling.

I had times when I tried to beat the casino and sometimes it worked, but eventually I came to the understanding that gambling is only for fun, the only thing you need to control is the financial expenditure. Neither chasing after winnings, nor trying to win back past losses do not lead to a good thing, and the game for $50-100 a week is a great opportunity to unload yourself from constant stress and hard work.

To reach that level of understanding is ideal , but I know that many players when they get there it is because they have gone through very hard things in the casinos , many experiences , and very bad streaks to learn, obviously that sometimes takes a lot. money that is lost, just as there are very few people who take the advice of those who have passed through there and comply , I think that everything is to assimilate the teaching of others well , what you say is very real , sometimes a gambler sol wants to win and win , he forgets to have fun and what he wins is that he loses a lot more and then doesn't want to go into a casino Because he lost a lot.

[slapper]

Gambling is just for fun and not to make money. And if anyone wants to earn or make money from gambling, they should think again because it won't be easy and they could lose a lot of money. And it depends on their goals in playing gambling because if they just want to have fun, they don't think about chasing the win.

Many people think they can recover their losses, but instead of quitting, they try to play a few rounds to see how good their luck is. But what is there is that they have experienced perhaps more losses than before.

And only having self-control can prevent you from losing a lot. But unfortunately, only a few gamblers can really control themselves while gambling so they can stop on time.

The idea of ​​gambling just for fun is the most ideal method, so that we avoid potential addiction. But even that is conditional, must be balanced with self-control and responsibility. maybe, for you, we, us, this idea is very familiar. but for most beginners, this kind of idea would not have occurred to them.

This notion too, does not necessarily mean that we cannot make a profit from gambling. there are many methods to make money gambling, even if the concept is just for fun. because, our goal in gambling is none other than risking our money and at the same time bringing in income if luck is on our side. but unfortunately, the concept of the idea of ​​having fun is mostly allegorical. because in practice, it's not uncommon for us to get carried away when doing gambling sessions. or even, it could be that emotions control us more. not infrequently, we are carried away by an atmosphere that ends in successive defeats. So how wise would it be if the idea of ​​simply having fun in gambling was balanced, with both self-control and responsibility. that way, at least we have more limits when conducting gambling sessions.

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

[swogerino]

Gambling is just for fun and not to make money. And if anyone wants to earn or make money from gambling, they should think again because it won't be easy and they could lose a lot of money. And it depends on their goals in playing gambling because if they just want to have fun, they don't think about chasing the win.

Many people think they can recover their losses, but instead of quitting, they try to play a few rounds to see how good their luck is. But what is there is that they have experienced perhaps more losses than before.

And only having self-control can prevent you from losing a lot. But unfortunately, only a few gamblers can really control themselves while gambling so they can stop on time.

The idea of ​​gambling just for fun is the most ideal method, so that we avoid potential addiction. But even that is conditional, must be balanced with self-control and responsibility. maybe, for you, we, us, this idea is very familiar. but for most beginners, this kind of idea would not have occurred to them.

This notion too, does not necessarily mean that we cannot make a profit from gambling. there are many methods to make money gambling, even if the concept is just for fun. because, our goal in gambling is none other than risking our money and at the same time bringing in income if luck is on our side. but unfortunately, the concept of the idea of ​​having fun is mostly allegorical. because in practice, it's not uncommon for us to get carried away when doing gambling sessions. or even, it could be that emotions control us more. not infrequently, we are carried away by an atmosphere that ends in successive defeats. So how wise would it be if the idea of ​​simply having fun in gambling was balanced, with both self-control and responsibility. that way, at least we have more limits when conducting gambling sessions.

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

That is a nice explanation out there,the human brain cannot make a distinction between a good time and when we overdo it because most of the time while we are gambling our brain emit dopamine the hormone which makes us feel good and in a happy mood,this is dangerous as only when we lose all the money we realize that we were not that happy after all.

I think though a big step in getting away from becoming addicted is to withdraw money we need for something else and only to leave money that we can afford to lose to the casino site,even if we lose that money we will not be that sad and this works for me most of the times.

[AicecreaME]

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

I guess it still depends on the person's gambling habit. If a person is disciplined enough, then there should be little to none to be worried about regarding financial and emotional matters because in the first place, you'll just bet and play with limitation and moderation. Gambling isn't entirely bad. As a matter of fact, some have gambling as their way to detoxify from their problems. It just becomes bad the moment you do it excessively and irresponsibly. Sure, gambling is exciting, thrilling, and fun, but you also have to set boundaries for yourself in order to gain good things and not the bad consequences.

[Fesatmas]

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

The psychology of a person (a gambler) is indeed one of the factors that will greatly influence gambling, it is difficult for someone who has experienced addiction to be able to control himself because indeed the hope for a win is always an image in his mind. Compulsive and out of control are the strongest causes of gamblers experiencing addiction and this addiction comes from two separate reward pathways in the brain that can affect a person's behavior, namely liking and wanting. It's hard to hold someone who has experienced addiction to gambling to rest or stop because it's like you said that they like the exciting sensation of betting. Even though they have lost a lot of valuable things they have, there is still hope for a victory and then they will return to do it with high confidence.

[Jody.Drummer]

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

I guess it still depends on the person's gambling habit. If a person is disciplined enough, then there should be little to none to be worried about regarding financial and emotional matters because in the first place, you'll just bet and play with limitation and moderation. Gambling isn't entirely bad. As a matter of fact, some have gambling as their way to detoxify from their problems. It just becomes bad the moment you do it excessively and irresponsibly. Sure, gambling is exciting, thrilling, and fun, but you also have to set boundaries for yourself in order to gain good things and not the bad consequences.

Applying high discipline in life is one way to make life not messy, not to mention in the realm of gambling, it is an important factor that must be mastered. Discipline includes everything related to situations where a person can get out of control which will later bring losses in his life. Certainly in terms of gambling it will be very close to the finances of a gambler.

But applying high discipline is not as easy as doing it, because in theory maybe it will be very easy to understand, but in real action only some people can do it.

[shogun47]

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

That is a good description, but there are also no definitions and you either realize when it is too late or you allow someone else to tell you. But in most cases people don't share their activity the same as they don't share when drink alcohol secretly. The difference is that it is easier for someone around you to se whether you have an alcohol problem in contract to when you have a gambling problem. it is the same for any addiction and there are no general thresholds or rules. Someone might get along quite well with wasting an entire weekend on gambling, not losing existential money and still feel ok whereas for someone else it is already an existential threat to neglect social relationships.

[maydna]

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

I guess it still depends on the person's gambling habit. If a person is disciplined enough, then there should be little to none to be worried about regarding financial and emotional matters because in the first place, you'll just bet and play with limitation and moderation. Gambling isn't entirely bad. As a matter of fact, some have gambling as their way to detoxify from their problems. It just becomes bad the moment you do it excessively and irresponsibly. Sure, gambling is exciting, thrilling, and fun, but you also have to set boundaries for yourself in order to gain good things and not the bad consequences.

To be able to discipline ourselves is not easy because the temptations that come from gambling will be greater, and gamblers often lose control over themselves. They want to win more or think that they can get certain promos that can give them a win. But the reality is not like that.

They should be able to view gambling as entertainment and not play aggressively so they don't lose a lot of money. Being a responsible gambler is a must because otherwise, we can become gamblers addicted to gambling. And while there is still an opportunity to change our gambling habits, we should use it before we completely lose control and eventually become addicted.

[SirLancelot]

Your view of gambling as chilled-out leisure paints an alluring picture but not without risks. Things get messy when the initial excitement of risk-taking turns into a fixation. Saying that only a few gamblers can stay in control is a big understatement. Many studies reveal that most people can't recognize when they've shifted from a good time to an addiction. Their brains link the thrill of the gamble with happiness, complicating quitting. Though gambling for fun with self-restraint seems feasible, it overlooks the potential destruction of addiction. It's essential to highlight that for many, gambling isn't a simple toss-up between enjoyment and gain. It's a psychological trap causing deep financial and emotional issues.

Very well said, that's how human psychology is, we start doing something only to have some fun for only a small period of time, but as time goes on, we start increasing that time instead of leaving that thing, and when we keep going and increasing the time or the resources we spend in case of gambling it is money, we don't really realize what we are getting ourselves into until a time comes where we have already reached so far that it is almost impossible for us to return.

The same thing happens when we start gambling, we don't want to get addicted or gamble for addiction, and most of us might just gamble for fun initially, but as we get deeper into it, we start increasing our stakes, the money that we spend later will be way higher than what we have started with, and slowly, we get addicted to gambling.

[Fesatmas]

Very well said, that's how human psychology is, we start doing something only to have some fun for only a small period of time, but as time goes on, we start increasing that time instead of leaving that thing, and when we keep going and increasing the time or the resources we spend in case of gambling it is money, we don't really realize what we are getting ourselves into until a time comes where we have already reached so far that it is almost impossible for us to return.

Filling their boring free time with gambling, they do this only for a short time but most of them forget the way back because they have had fun and they want this thing to last longer. Something fun will turn into a hobby for happiness. They had started it and they loved it, there was not the slightest bit of boredom because they had placed too many hopes for a victory so it was difficult for them to find their way back.

The same thing happens when we start gambling, we don't want to get addicted or gamble for addiction, and most of us might just gamble for fun initially, but as we get deeper into it, we start increasing our stakes, the money that we spend later will be way higher than what we have started with, and slowly, we get addicted to gambling.

Someone who has started gambling even though it is on a trial basis means that he has agreed with himself that he will not mind if one day the feeling of addiction comes over him. The self-control factor will not have much effect when someone is already addicted. The finances in his life will definitely fall apart and if someone is in this position, they will never feel a calm psychology.