In my country, elections are held with an electronic ballot box. Many people question the effectiveness and real security of this method, which although it seems promising, brings some insecurities, as no electronic system is proof of fraud or failure.
Could blockchain technology solve this problem definitively?
Would it be a good thing to apply this technology in elections and put people's future in the hands of blockchain?
I personally believe more in the security of the blockchain than a ballot box made using technology that is subject to alteration and fraud, controlled by the government itself.
Something you feed into the blockchain can never be changed afterwards, but the real problem is that you can't ever guarantee that what is fed into the blockchain is bullet-proof in the first place. But the blockchain isn't to be blamed for that. For as long as you can interfere with either the bridge (a centralized server or digital box as you said) between a person casting a vote and the blockchain, the data might be tampered with.
But there are other examples that the blockchain can't solve. How do you make sure that a voter truthfully casts a vote for something that the person believes in or - without any external manipulation - deems to be the right vote? If the idea is to get the most correct elections possible, there is a ton of things that need to be solved.
- Disinformation
- Bribery
- Coercion
- etc...
So even if you solve the problem of fake ID's submitting a vote or wrong counting or multiple submissions by the same ID or removed/destroyed/lost submissions, you can never guarantee that all
as per the blockchain valid submissions come from a person that has not been bribed, not been manipulated or coerced, or anything else that comes to your mind which could interfere with that person's free will and opinion. Some problems can be solved with the blockchain in election processes, but by now I more and more get the feeling that the real problems like AI manipulation and disinformation aren't among those solvable problems.