Looking at
https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/a/92847, it seems Electrum create non-standard transaction. While it should be valid transaction if it's included on block directly, most node and miner/mining pool would reject it by default. So i would suggest you to follow @LoyceV suggestion to use newer version of Electrum securely, in order to re-create that transaction.
Hmm, yes, probably it is something like that. But there is no mention of "electrum" in your link...
...
Thanks a lot for your very good explanation. Makes sense and I am afraid I have to go through these tedious steps...
One more question: Is it possible to extract the unsigned TX HEX string from my signed TX HEX string? (ideally by omitting some parts or be using a command line tool or so). If yes, I can save substantial effort by not needing to re-build the entire TX again (esp. because I have many of thoise TXs with 1 input and N (N=many) outputs).
Or is the non-standard thing that casues my problem already included in the unsigned TX and not in the signing part?
I have to add an additional Info:
I now remember that I had created the raw (unsigned) transaction not with Electrum 1.7.x but with "
https://coinb.in/#newTransaction" - and also I did not sign with Electrum on my old offline Linux PC (with equally old Linux version) but with "coinb.in" java script offline tool in its older version 1.3.
And another update:
SOLUTION: MY BAD!!!I made a mistake in my personal book keeping and had confused the signed with the unsigned TX - so the error "scriptsig-not-pushonly" actually happened because I tried to broadcast an unsigned TX

So this thread can be considered as "resolved"
