Large "donations" dumped to Genesis block

[Cricktor]

Bumping this topic after around three weeks from last time, because there's again a larger lump "donation" which qualifies to be listed in my table.

Past March 14^th, 2025 large^{equal/over 500k sats} transfers to Genesis block descriptor:

Amount in BTC		Confirmed (UTC)		Tx
0.00500000		2026-01-14 13:02:36		d01a8329f6e8373b3ca5f1cbcd310b8de5f2501fef44e0457f488bb76ab51430
0.00545227		2025-12-21 12:05:02		8c719d92865620a031036ff4fb8be82318337035c3809325c63830d5d7b909bb
0.00690000		2025-11-17 14:57:06		2b38dc88097605a1fc8665c82f1db395393d5b551a5c6857572367dee0d68b96
0.00713168		2025-11-12 16:59:55		98a9447d4e0fecea8a47f5b3dcfad8003db396eeaf3b4be6c400b96b71ab3320
0.00500000		2025-10-07 09:57:33		3c46228ba39b23d8a20e5db73bd5c901bcd3b755bd5a342389f474fbd7c58ea2
0.01197173		2025-09-29 10:56:34		bb5fca631509fbc35a6468f5968c816079d9b87fec6f50b7d6fe8a25190466e1
0.04896090		2025-09-27 08:38:41		877fae4692b985b5635780b1e7f98e04dc4891793b49ab40d82ac411458ceca9
0.18413749		2025-07-31 04:28:10		7bcbabc6f02368fc7ba1b8d239658d80741bbd8543861207c2531ecc0da5bc10
0.01015827		2025-07-25 13:13:55		d6b771a052263fe74140485ea2f3e4d26bedfe7e290e439a8a8fba52add42a7a
0.14318933		2025-07-21 04:40:18		41be08df8445313340e4865cf2f5124b5606eaf807f6582a5c6716d96e9a3027
0.15341422		2025-07-14 04:26:16		8b0ea01018dd85c541a33f2fa086349e6c9913a032c3adc11bed9c21ecb93de5
0.33300000		2025-07-10 19:29:38		fd82374c8ca1f9440e1ffe6999bf919f0c45cbe5aa4d1332e0dd769458219a36
0.17165662		2025-07-07 04:21:29		e4663f4fedbab8c65c69c0d69a4cdfe5e59a7645cce236276ff48d67ec7ffe8d
0.00500000		2025-07-04 09:08:58		c82d355b0ac315a49b0e3144b0e2b060c36f38421eb8d677d0215ac844e2ffae
0.00500000		2025-06-30 12:35:45		4eb3d81a6e52b83bffc90d15091f7983c16c062e791e6b01279db975bf27e61b
0.00500000		2025-06-30 08:48:51		e7314f650a24c78e8397392c47f5938d3e9bda9dc625cedfca421847b6bd6438
0.18458032		2025-06-30 06:25:38		6ba77eb9299e9438ed32261827bc23b8a21a0db2e873f0dfb6b275c26d9ce866
0.00921466		2025-06-29 09:26:01		555006acc092ee2ad53e0de6467f8ce7e3c5177beb71a943a98d7cd52b3c9888
0.02673751		2025-05-29 12:01:34		da77413f13bf77d261dda66b0d1ea26ca2db0c5802cfea96c95d85d1a72a6832
0.00615091		2025-05-15 19:37:43		b1f61c0e64c2c0a9a787d25d4f86d50d0e49f587c736218fc2f04d4eee841add
0.00600000		2025-04-28 10:08:26		adbc26914040cc65e24defb69f9b4442bbd6a2264cf1e25a601cce950ba6a8e0
0.00500000		2025-04-07 07:25:18		8644fc777d52e8e850ecc192cfaa246805e31bc763d84a055244872bf4dcb711

Current balance at time of this post according to combo(PubKey of Genesis block's coinbase) descriptor, including the unspendable 50BTC of coinbase tx: 104.48598024BTC (the difference to previous post's value and newcomer transaction are smaller dust wastes and possibly a few larger ones or whatever their purpose is).

This may differ slightly from what mempool.space or bitcoindata.science displays because the combo() descriptor^{see below} accounts for all address types (except Taproot, IIRC).

Code:

combo(04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f)#gvgcz9wt

[stwenhao]

for all address types (except Taproot, IIRC)

For Taproot, it would be bc1pv790mv8724yzwxt87xn8zv9hzpwdd2pguqusnfnevtsw58mpm6mq3khqyq for "rawtr()", and bc1p9p9wftxmx25ehgltlfn2j8wmgxnm0gwjlm6p2wveytxc5pzgtspqhgrn93 for "tr()".

Edit:

Your second link doesn't point to mempool.space, but that's an easy fix

Fixed.

[Cricktor]

<snip>

Ah, thanks for both Taproot public addresses. I procrastinated to figure those out and there aren't any coins sent to them yet, both Taproot public addresses are empty as of this posting (according to mempool.space; it's not that I don't trust them, but we know the drill: don't trust, verify!).

Your second link doesn't point to mempool.space, but that's an easy fix:
bc1p9p9wftxmx25ehgltlfn2j8wmgxnm0gwjlm6p2wveytxc5pzgtspqhgrn93

I'll probably add Taproot descriptors to my watch-only wallet(s) at some later time. Not highest priority at the moment for me, anyway.

[Hispo]

I have always assumed this was just rich people showing off their wealth by burning some Bitcoins as a way to commemorate the genesis address of Bitcoin.
Though, it is interesting to see people here who have different theories and perspectives about what could be going on with that address, I am not buying it is Satoshi getting change on his original address... He is intelligent enough not to allow people to get clues of his finances, it is more likely this is just the result of some scheme of proof of burn.
Anyways, it is weird to see which amounts of life changins amounts of money getting burned, considering how much hardship there is nowadays on this world.

[BlackHatCoiner]

It just blows my mind how some people have nothing better to do and just donate to Satoshi. I mean, sure, do whatever you want, and "send your message" or whatever, but Satoshi is a dead person for the Internet. He's likely gone from this world, and almost certainly not going to spend from the genesis address.

In fact, if I ever read that coins have been spent from the genesis address, my immediate reaction would be that quantum computers are real and running.

[philipma1957]

It just blows my mind how some people have nothing better to do and just donate to Satoshi. I mean, sure, do whatever you want, and "send your message" or whatever, but Satoshi is a dead person for the Internet. He's likely gone from this world, and almost certainly not going to spend from the genesis address.

In fact, if I ever read that coins have been spent from the genesis address, my immediate reaction would be that quantum computers are real and running.

hmm here is an idea.

down the road  say 2056 block rewards will suck for miners.

2028.  1.56250000
2032   0.78125000
2036   0.39062500
2040   0.19531250
2044   0.09765625
2048   0.04882812   -----    there are rounding issues not sure how they get handled
2052.  0.02441406
2056   0.01220703         
2060   0.00610352
2064   0.00305176
2068   0.00152588 ------- but this is close enough to the block size and in a day that is  0.21972654

 and in a year that is  80.2 coins .

So right now the genesis block with over 100 coins could reseed rewards for all of 2069 and boost block reward from

0.00152 to 0.00304

if a coin was worth 10 million 0.00304 x 10,000,000=30,400  so still a fail as blocks will need to be over 30,000

so coins need to be 100 million. giving 300,000 dollar blocks

But I do see an idea here. Encourage a future reboot of btc in 2068 or so using genesis block coins to do it.

make the chain do 4 blocks an hour not 6. which means six year halving time.

If we could get enough funds into the genesis block it is fully working and doable plan.

[BlackHatCoiner]

If we could get enough funds into the genesis block it is fully working and doable plan.

This 'plan' is so flawed that I've lost count.

• If miners need funds from sources outside the transaction fee revenue, which will be the primary mining revenue after year 2040, then bitcoin is just not going to work over the long term.
• If you do grant these funds to block subsidies, then eventually you will run out of 'locked coins' and you get back to the original problem.
• Messing with block interval times is just mind-boggling stupid.
• There's a huge presumption of counting things in dollars, when there might be a hyperbitcoinized world by then, or a hyperinflated dollar.

[Cricktor]

Though, it is interesting to see people here who have different theories and perspectives about what could be going on with that address, I am not buying it is Satoshi getting change on his original address... He is intelligent enough not to allow people to get clues of his finances, it is more likely this is just the result of some scheme of proof of burn.

Not sure what you mean by "original address" because to my knowledge Satoshi didn't use public addresses as coinbases or transaction outputs. The Genesis block coinbase transaction of type P2PK had a public key as transaction output and that is technically no public address.

Of course, with the private key of the Genesis block you can move coins "donated" to the public key and any coins on derivable public address(es), of which the most popular is the legacy P2PKH public address 1A1zP1eP5QGefi2DMPTfTL5SLmv7DivfNa.

Anyways, it is weird to see which amounts of life changins amounts of money getting burned, considering how much hardship there is nowadays on this world.

It's weird, indeed, see below for the needed update of my table.

<snip>

Yep, blows my mind, too, and one of the reasons why I started this topic. We have no evidence that Satoshi could be gone from this world, so it makes no sense to me to speculate on this, but I agree that it's not likely he would ever spend any spendable coins "on" the Genesis block. He'll likely not want to spoil his immaculate anonymity if he's still living (wish him health and all the best)!

2048   0.04882812   -----    there are rounding issues not sure how they get handled

There's no rounding issue because the block subsidy is halved by a bit shift of a binary integer value. Halving an odd integer value by bit shift of its binary representation causes no issue at all. It's only we thinking with fractional bitcoin numbers to see an issue where none is.

So right now the genesis block with over 100 coins could reseed rewards for all of 2069 and boost block reward from

The initial Genesis block's subsidy of 50BTC is unspendable because it is not in the UTXO set (not sure if deliberately or by fault of Satoshi). Not even Satoshi and if a private key exists for the Genesis block's public key could spend those if he would ever want to.
Excuse me being pedantic.

This might be fixable but hasn't been done so far and I don't expect it to be ever fixed (if possible, I don't know, it's all code only).

I don't like the idea of confiscating and repurposing dormant coins. And I think this topic highlights also that I don't like the idea to deliberately take coins out of circulation by sending them to a public key or public address that very very likely will never be moved again. It's of course not me to decide what other people do with their coins.


Haha, speaking of which, yesterday two new "donations" came in.

Past March 14^th, 2025 large^{equal/over 500k sats} transfers to Genesis block descriptor:

Amount in BTC		Confirmed (UTC)		Tx
0.02184558		2026-01-17 16:39:36		8199a72f489f9833989681e0d343ebf28ce44b69bc85cd8a095a147480a7215d
0.01400850		2026-01-17 15:24:14		056ddaa21d7fb5bc587b892b85aef442f00748ecaff1d560661619703f15dce9
0.00500000		2026-01-14 13:02:36		d01a8329f6e8373b3ca5f1cbcd310b8de5f2501fef44e0457f488bb76ab51430
0.00545227		2025-12-21 12:05:02		8c719d92865620a031036ff4fb8be82318337035c3809325c63830d5d7b909bb
0.00690000		2025-11-17 14:57:06		2b38dc88097605a1fc8665c82f1db395393d5b551a5c6857572367dee0d68b96
0.00713168		2025-11-12 16:59:55		98a9447d4e0fecea8a47f5b3dcfad8003db396eeaf3b4be6c400b96b71ab3320
0.00500000		2025-10-07 09:57:33		3c46228ba39b23d8a20e5db73bd5c901bcd3b755bd5a342389f474fbd7c58ea2
0.01197173		2025-09-29 10:56:34		bb5fca631509fbc35a6468f5968c816079d9b87fec6f50b7d6fe8a25190466e1
0.04896090		2025-09-27 08:38:41		877fae4692b985b5635780b1e7f98e04dc4891793b49ab40d82ac411458ceca9
0.18413749		2025-07-31 04:28:10		7bcbabc6f02368fc7ba1b8d239658d80741bbd8543861207c2531ecc0da5bc10
0.01015827		2025-07-25 13:13:55		d6b771a052263fe74140485ea2f3e4d26bedfe7e290e439a8a8fba52add42a7a
0.14318933		2025-07-21 04:40:18		41be08df8445313340e4865cf2f5124b5606eaf807f6582a5c6716d96e9a3027
0.15341422		2025-07-14 04:26:16		8b0ea01018dd85c541a33f2fa086349e6c9913a032c3adc11bed9c21ecb93de5
0.33300000		2025-07-10 19:29:38		fd82374c8ca1f9440e1ffe6999bf919f0c45cbe5aa4d1332e0dd769458219a36
0.17165662		2025-07-07 04:21:29		e4663f4fedbab8c65c69c0d69a4cdfe5e59a7645cce236276ff48d67ec7ffe8d
0.00500000		2025-07-04 09:08:58		c82d355b0ac315a49b0e3144b0e2b060c36f38421eb8d677d0215ac844e2ffae
0.00500000		2025-06-30 12:35:45		4eb3d81a6e52b83bffc90d15091f7983c16c062e791e6b01279db975bf27e61b
0.00500000		2025-06-30 08:48:51		e7314f650a24c78e8397392c47f5938d3e9bda9dc625cedfca421847b6bd6438
0.18458032		2025-06-30 06:25:38		6ba77eb9299e9438ed32261827bc23b8a21a0db2e873f0dfb6b275c26d9ce866
0.00921466		2025-06-29 09:26:01		555006acc092ee2ad53e0de6467f8ce7e3c5177beb71a943a98d7cd52b3c9888
0.02673751		2025-05-29 12:01:34		da77413f13bf77d261dda66b0d1ea26ca2db0c5802cfea96c95d85d1a72a6832
0.00615091		2025-05-15 19:37:43		b1f61c0e64c2c0a9a787d25d4f86d50d0e49f587c736218fc2f04d4eee841add
0.00600000		2025-04-28 10:08:26		adbc26914040cc65e24defb69f9b4442bbd6a2264cf1e25a601cce950ba6a8e0
0.00500000		2025-04-07 07:25:18		8644fc777d52e8e850ecc192cfaa246805e31bc763d84a055244872bf4dcb711

Current balance at time of this post according to combo(PubKey of Genesis block's coinbase) descriptor, including the unspendable 50BTC of coinbase tx: 104.52261670BTC (includes 1,092sat pending confirmation, the difference to previous post's value and newcomer transaction are smaller dust wastes and possibly a few larger ones or whatever their purpose is).

This may differ slightly from what mempool.space or bitcoindata.science displays because the combo() descriptor^{see below} accounts for all address types (except Taproot, IIRC).

Code:

combo(04678afdb0fe5548271967f1a67130b7105cd6a828e03909a67962e0ea1f61deb649f6bc3f4cef38c4f35504e51ec112de5c384df7ba0b8d578a4c702b6bf11d5f)#gvgcz9wt

[stwenhao]

So right now the genesis block with over 100 coins could reseed rewards for all of 2069 and boost block reward from

If anyone wants to increase the reward of some future block, then it can be done explicitly:

You are free to send coins to addresses like bc1qqph8gusf2x7ch4xjs8vnp7hy449r929wnv5jggmy678gam85l6rqgajus9. It has "1000000 OP_CHECKLOCKTIMEVERIFY OP_DROP OP_TRUE" script, so it can be claimed after a block 1000000 by any miner.

And then, no reboot is needed. Just type the block number you want to increase reward for, derive a new address from that, and deposit coins there. Miners will move them, if they will have enough incentive, to do that in the future (it will be spendable by anyone, but miners decide, which transactions they include, so they can always replace it with their own, because there are no signatures, the only lock is time-based).

Also, if you want to move some coins N blocks to the future, you can use OP_CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY instead.

Edit:

make the chain do 4 blocks an hour not 6. which means six year halving time.

In the pre-release version from 2008, blocks were produced every 15 minutes, instead of every 10 minutes. And the code, used by Patoshi, still used that 15 minutes interval (which is where "5 minutes offset" comes from).

If we could get enough funds into the genesis block it is fully working and doable plan.

It would be much better, if users would deposit their own coins, instead of stealing donations from Satoshi.

If miners need funds from sources outside the transaction fee revenue, which will be the primary mining revenue after year 2040, then bitcoin is just not going to work over the long term.

You should look at some sidechains, and how they work, to understand the problem. If you have only fee-based reward, then once you have 0.01 BTC, another time 0.02 BTC, and yet another time 0.10 BTC. It is unstable, and making it more evenly distributed, by using some timelock, is a good idea, and it is how some sidechains decided to deal with it.

Because if you have rewards, jumping up and down, then the incentive to keep mining is changing too fast. Only today you have the luxury of seeing a quite stable situation, because the basic block reward is still much higher, than things you can get from fees. But still, there are some unhealthy spikes, usually during halvings, or other rare events.

Messing with block interval times is just mind-boggling stupid.

It shouldn't be done in the main network. But it can be done in sidechains. Also, making the block time longer, is quite safe. Making it shorter is more dangerous, and that's why P2Pool couldn't scale further, when they went from 10 minutes to 30 seconds. They couldn't go to one second, or even milliseconds, because then, the game stops being a lottery, and starts being a race.

So, if some sidechain would decide to make a block every N mainnet blocks (for example where N=1.5), then it would be safe, as long as N>1. And it was proposed for sidechains to use N=13150 (around three months) to be safe.