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521  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Cuckoo Cycle proof-of-work: $5000 in bounties on: November 09, 2016, 08:52:37 PM
Cuckoo Cycle is an instantly verifiable memory bound Proof-of-Work,
whose run time is dominated by memory latency.

I invite anyone to try claim one of the following bounties for performance doubling
of my C++/CUDA solvers:

CPU   $2000
TMTO $2000
GPU   $1000

or half the above bounties for a sqrt(2) performance improvement. Details at

https://github.com/tromp/cuckoo

Happy bounty hunting...
522  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Marketplace (Altcoins) / Cuckoo Cycle proof-of-work: $5000 in bounties on: November 07, 2016, 10:18:03 PM
Cuckoo Cycle is an instantly verifiable memory bound Proof-of-Work,
whose runtime is dominated by memory latency.

I invite anyone to try claim one of the following bounties for performance doubling:

CPU   $2000
TMTO $2000
GPU   $1000

or half the above bounties for a sqrt(2) performance improvement. Details at

https://github.com/tromp/cuckoo

Happy bounty hunting.
523  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Altcoin Discussion / Re: Thoughts on Zcash? on: October 28, 2016, 11:55:21 PM
Something seems to be wrong.

https://explorer.zcha.in/accounts/t3Vz22vK5z2LcKEdg16Yv4FFneEL1zg9ojd   22.257749999999994 ZEC


It's called the Founder's Reward...
524  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Zcash GPU miner on: October 25, 2016, 02:45:49 PM
CPU solving us highly memory and clock frequency bound and doesn't scale with cores well at all.

It scales reasonably well, althouh obviously sublinearly.
1x dev1 = 6.2 Sol/s
8x dev1 = 25.6 Sol/s
on a 4Ghz i7. So more than a 4x increase from using 8 instances.
525  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Altcoin Discussion / Re: What would be the best Alt-coin on: October 23, 2016, 12:20:57 AM
This would be best:

https://github.com/ignopeverell/grin
526  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: Can quantum computers kill Bitcoin? on: October 15, 2016, 09:13:35 PM
Even so, QCs cannot do preimage attacks on hashes, they can only brute force them faster. For mining, that just means that the difficulty will increase and blocks will stay the same. For addresses, that means that they still cannot find the associated public key because they still can't find the preimage.

It means that the PoW will change from being practically optimization free,
as currently the case with near-optimal ASICs, to becoming extremely optimization prone,
with huge advantages available only to the most advanced and well-funded organizations
(like your favorite 3-letter agency).

That is, mining power will go from fairly decentralized to absolutely centralized.

A post-quantum bitcoin will need to move away from Hashcash to some asymmetric PoW.
527  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Community Call for Claymore Zcash GPU Miner Development on: October 15, 2016, 06:59:39 PM
Why aren't you joining the open source miner contest?

I did.

https://zcashminers.org/submissions

That is good. More information.

Crowdfund for open-sourcing tromp’s solvers / funding Cuckoo Cycle
...

Well yeah, that was the plan. But then

https://forum.z.cash/t/crowdfund-for-open-sourcing-tromps-solvers-funding-cuckoo-cycle/2465/76?u=tromp
528  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Community Call for Claymore Zcash GPU Miner Development on: October 15, 2016, 03:16:36 PM
Why aren't you joining the open source miner contest?

I did.

https://zcashminers.org/submissions
529  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Community Call for Claymore Zcash GPU Miner Development on: October 13, 2016, 03:35:32 PM
I would gladly pay a dev fee to have access to a gpu miner. The sooner the better.

You can still contribute to the crowd fund for open sourcing my solvers at

https://forum.z.cash/t/crowdfund-for-open-sourcing-tromps-solvers-funding-cuckoo-cycle/2465/29

530  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Altcoin Discussion / Re: Thoughts on Zcash? on: October 05, 2016, 02:24:45 PM
also why this coin is not known?

Maybe because it's not the least bit decentralized?!
531  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Bounty crowdsale to GPU-based miner for Zcash on: September 30, 2016, 01:07:42 AM
I'm guessing that with the sprint towards October 28th you don't have a whole lot of bandwidth to think hard about this, but if you do come across a reason why waiting until the end to prune duplicates doesn't work, or conclude that it does, a quick post here would be much appreciated.

Waiting until the end does in fact work.

Quote
Maybe when @tromp becomes a ZEC-billionaire next month he'll publish one Smiley

I have no plans to mine ZEC myself:-(
532  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Bounty crowdsale to GPU-based miner for Zcash on: September 29, 2016, 02:24:22 PM
Hello folks, this thread appears to be the place with the highest concentration of zECQuihash optimization gurus.  May I trouble you with a stupid question?


I'm trying to correlate that with the zcashd implementation, since it's the only available working cross-checker (too bad it is written for speed instead of readability).  The only part that has me confused is the need to eliminate entries whose index sets contain duplicate/repeated entries after EVERY one of the k collision steps.  There is no mention of this in the algorithm given in the Equihash paper.

I understand why these can't be part of the final solution (the X_i's must use distinct i's).  But why not wait until the end to drop these superfluous solutions?  Why check for duplicates k times?  I did some quick back-of-the-envelope calculations and I'm having a hard time believing that leaving these entries in the table would significantly increase memory consumption.  If you had a duplicate X_a in the second level of the collision, it would have to be a result of (X_a*X_b) colliding with (X_a*X_c) on the first 40 bits (where X_a collides with each of X_b and X_c on the first 20 bits).  If this is true then

 ((X_a*X_b)*(X_a*X_c)) = 00000000000000000000 00000000000000000000

and therefore

 (X_a*X_a*X_b*X_c) = 00000000000000000000 00000000000000000000

so

 (X_b*X_c) = 00000000000000000000 00000000000000000000

and moreover

 (X_a*X_b) = 00000000000000000000 ....................

 (X_a*X_c) = 00000000000000000000 ....................

In general it seems like repeated indices arise in the Equihash-constrained variant of Wagners algorithm as a result of an "overcollision" -- when two rows of the table collide not just on the current column but the next one as well.  When this happens the members of the overcollided set will generate one suprious entry in the next round for every entry they collide with in the current round.  It seems like that would happen on average twice per column.  Is that really enough to bloat the memory usage in a noticable way for k=10?  Surely for something like k=100 we'd be talking about serious combinatorial explosion, but for k=10 there just aren't that many steps compared to the size of the table.

Sorry if I overlooked it, but where is the stupid question?

All I see are some very astute observations. Welcome to club Guru!
533  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Bounty crowdsale to GPU-based miner for Zcash on: September 26, 2016, 09:37:48 PM
 When I'm done writing a GPU implementation, I'll be quoting performance in solutions/second.

Sure, that makes most sense.
But as Jonathan Toomim pointed out in the Zcash forum,
and as SolarDiz agreed with

Quote
Sol/s and Sol/(GiB•s) are two distinct metrics. Both are important.

I simply chose the somewhat less common measure because
1) for a memory-hard algorithm, it's crucial that you cannot trade off memory for speed without penalty.
2) i didn't want to disclose the precise Sol/s performance of my miner.

Quote
As for space for indexes, 21 bits isn't that significant.  After the first sort round, you need 2*21 bits + 180 bits hash = 222 bits.  After the 2nd round, you need 4*21 bits + 160 bits hash = 244 bits, which fits nicely in 32-byte fixed size records.  By the 3rd round the size of the indexes overtakes the hash size, but the number of hashes diminishes.

And by the 8th round you need 256*21 bits + 40 bits =5416 bits = 677 bytes.
That's where you need to get creative.

Quote
edit: here's a paper by DJB that discusses optimizing Wagner's algorithm.

I'm familiar with some of DJB's papers on wagner's algorithm, although not that particular one.
534  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Bounty crowdsale to GPU-based miner for Zcash on: September 26, 2016, 06:50:28 PM
Your statement: "That gives it an estimated single-threaded time*space performance of 0.063 S/s / 0.54GB ~ 0.12 S/GBs"
If it doesn't scale with memory, then it was nonsense to include the memory use in GB as a multiplier in performance.

It makes about as much sense as measuring a country's productivity in GDP per capita.
Does GDP scale linearly with capita? Can you just stick more people in a country to increase its GDP?
No, it takes many other resources. Is GDP per capita nonsense then?
Maybe there are even better analogies, but that's all I could think of for now.

Quote
The hashes themselves only take 50MB, so 128MB is not an unreasonable target.  After the first sort, you only need to keep 200-20=180 bits/hash + 21-bits of index per entry, since you only care about those that collide on the first 20 bits.

You need a fair bit of space to hold the index-lists...
535  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Bounty crowdsale to GPU-based miner for Zcash on: September 26, 2016, 04:38:47 PM
I think you are making a mistake assuming the performance scales with available memory.

I make no such assumption.
Please read solardiz' reply, which I fully agree with.

Quote
I'm confident I can get the memory requirements at k=9, n=200 down to 128MB. 

I would be quite shocked if you can get peak memory usage down to that!
536  Other / Beginners & Help / Re: RAM mining? on: September 26, 2016, 02:55:31 PM
there is an algo that is incredibly RAM intensive

There is indeed. It's called Cuckoo Cycle

https://github.com/tromp/cuckoo

Whereas Equihash (as parametrized in Zcash) uses 200 bits of memory to store a hash,
Cuckoo Cycle doesn't store hashes explicitly, but maintains 1 bit for each pair of hashes.
Where Equihash solves problems of size a few million with a few hundred MB, Cuckoo Cycle
can tackle problems of size a few *billion* with the same memory thanks to a vastly
more intensive use of memory.

Quote
https://www.internetsociety.org/sites/default/files/blogs-media/equihash-asymmetric-proof-of-work-based-generalized-birthday-problem.pdf

"Our solution is practical and ready to deploy: a reference implementation of a proof-of-work requiring 700 MB of RAM runs in 30 seconds on a 1.8 GHz CPU, increases the computations by the factor of 1000 if memory is halved, and presents a proof of just 120 bytes long."

The reference implementation has been broken by

https://forum.z.cash/t/breaking-equihash-in-solutions-per-gb-second/1995
537  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: Bounty crowdsale to GPU-based miner for Zcash on: September 26, 2016, 02:45:38 PM
I would most certainly like to be involved in this.  In order to do it right - I would suggest perhaps trying to find a few developers and see what they would charge. 

Tromp, Wolf0 and I can't think of the other two I remember (one was the guy who built the Monero miner).

It's a little early to be developing GPU miners given that the CPU miner is still being optimized,
and is lacking important features like multi-threading.

Once the CPU miner looks reasonably optimized, I might try my hand at a CUDA version.

I ended up having to optimize the CPU miner myself:

https://forum.z.cash/t/breaking-equihash-in-solutions-per-gb-second/1995
538  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Altcoin Discussion / Re: Zcash Equihash PoW Released on: September 26, 2016, 02:10:52 PM
None of that is particularly important from an algorithmic standpoint.

Right you are; I managed to implement some substantial optimizations for Equihash; see

https://forum.z.cash/t/breaking-equihash-in-solutions-per-gb-second/1995

539  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Altcoin Discussion / Re: Zcash Equihash PoW Released on: September 23, 2016, 08:32:29 PM
Zcash just announced their Open Source Miner Contest

https://z.cash/blog/announcing-miner-contest.html

Does a $30k prize fund tempt you into entering?
540  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Mining (Altcoins) / Re: GPU & CPU BENCHMARKS FOR MONERO MINING! on: September 13, 2016, 01:12:11 AM

Awesome!
But the grey text really strains my eyes. Could you make the text pure black please?
Thanks!
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