An economy whose legal tender (money) is minted and controlled by her government, has a money-flow control system called "The Countercyclical Fiscal Policy". The Countercyclical Fiscal Policy in simple words can mean; a situation where the government reduces interest, approves more grants, reduces taxation and pump in more money to the society when she notices that there is a looming recession. In the other hand, the government increases taxation, increases interest rate and reduces public expenditure when there is boom in the economy. My question, as Bitcoin is massively adopted as a legal tender, despite being a decentralized system, does it have a design or policy that will do exactly what the countercyclical fiscal policy does? Thank you!
no your question is based on a false premise anyway, no government does what you say in practice. They always borrow and spend more, irrespective of economic cycles. That's the reason for Bitcoin's existence. Welcome to the year 2009.
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Technology should never be too complicated on the "user" side... or adoption will be hampered. People want a wallet and they want to deposit and withdraw... that's it... (Running Lightning Network hubs and all that nonsense is for techies... not for your average public out there) to an extent if a child that can barely talk has the same level of tech skills as you, then it's not that the tech is too complicated, it's that you're lazy the alternative is to permanently have Jeff Bezo's military-intelligence dick in your ear
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We'll probably have to move into another smarter way like using 1 multi-sig address for a family; each member could have their own balance in their phone, but they'd all spend from the same channel.
that's what Eltoo is, except everyone still gets their own channel too simply put: one channel that contains multiple channels
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forget about it, it's already been debated and long forgotten
why is it you (windyFURY) always pop up with some "drama"? It's becoming quite a habit for you
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Let's assume all the following (which is completely unrealistic): - Everyone uses Taproot
- Every channel opening transaction is one-input-one-ouput
- Every transaction being made is a Lightning channel being opened, and no one makes any other type of transaction
- Every block is optimally full
- Everyone only opens a single channel which they keep open forever
Even assuming all that, then at most you can open 9,000 channels per block, meaning it would take 17 years just to let everyone in the world open a single channel. As soon as you consider that obviously some people need to have multiple channels open for Lightning to work, and obviously people will want to close channels, open new ones, top up their channels, and so on, then that number increases exponentially. if we're working with assumptions, then let's assume that Eltoo lightning gets a soft fork: - slightly fewer than 9000 channels per block, but far more than 2 participants per channel
- the overhead for adding extra channel participants is negilgible
- Eltoo therefore radically improves the number of people opening channels in a block beyond the 18,000 possible with taproot channels
If "radical" even halves your 17 years figure, and I think it will do far more, then Eltoo will do the job. Considering how fast taproot was activated, we can expect something similar for eltoo (which is now a pretty mature spec with years of technical discussion behind it)
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I would point out here that the witness is discounted only for fees, not for actual storage (storing 3/4 of a signature is not very useful ). So taproot transactions will ease blockchain growth and provide a little more user privacy, but are directly a fraction of a percent more expensive to spend (but only for basic 1 in 1/2 out on-chain transactions). As I said before, taproot/schnorr brings changes in the economics of multisig and other bitcoin contracts, so we can expect the market's use of such transactions to increase in accordance with that. Whether that means transactions will actually become cheaper in absolute terms is another question altogether; we can expect continuing growth of Bitcoins userbase, particularly payment channels (i.e. lightning), so predictions are not easy. Some might say that taproot inputs will drive fee growth, because people will probably choose the largest anonymity set in the end (i.e. do all transactions using taproot regardless of fees). To me, that's just validating the idea of pricing and weighting the witness data (specifically sigops) differently. A blockchain using more taproot transactions makes the possible maximum size of blocks smaller, and the difference will be much more pronounced if cross-input aggregation is implemented (this would mean all signatures for separate transactions in a single block would be summed to a single 64 byte signature, fantastic)
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that's a generalisation at best Oh, absolutely. What I was hoping someone could provide would be something along the lines of "X transactions in the last 1000 blocks were multi-sig, using an average of Y vbytes of space. If all these swapped to Taproot, it would save an average of Z vbytes of space in each block". right, but taproot/schnorr/musig savings may change everyone's behavior anyway (plus all the other factors) But regular transactions will save just 8 bytes using 64 byte schnorr sigs, which is less than 5%. Sadly, no possible gains to be had from sig additivity or excised script branches when there's just one signature and one script The reduction of 8 bytes (actually 9 if you include the absent first byte on the public key) is only when comparing legacy signatures to Taproot signatures. If you compare an entire legacy transaction to an entire Taproot transaction, then (assuming no multi-sig) your standard 1-input-1-output legacy transaction is 192 bytes/192 vbytes, with the equivalent Taproot transaction being somewhere around 178 bytes/111 vbytes, for a saving of 81 vbytes. When you compare a Taproot transaction to a native Segwit transaction, the Taproot transaction (although smaller in terms of raw bytes) is actually marginally larger by 1 or 2 vbytes. good points. What's accounting for the difference in virtual size between segwit and taproot txs? the witness discount being less effective, I would suggest. if it was exactly 2 vbytes difference, then that would make sense
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I fully expect Apple and Google could already provide a list of every one of their users who has installed a specific wallet or any piece of software on any of their devices without much issue. Maybe they extend that to start spying on users' wallets and transactions. I certainly wouldn't put it past them. I expect they both have the data and are using it. The question is: will they give it up to the IRS etc? Possible plot twist; IRS ask, Google/Apple say no. Stranger things have happened, and it's more or less official now we are living in the crazy '20s
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I've seen some suggestions that if every transaction swapped to Taproot we would save up to around 30% of the space in each block, but I've not seen any actual data to back up this claim.
that's a generalisation at best Multisig vastly improves. BIP34 multisig (which was a space-performance improvement on the older multisig scheme) required every possible combination of keys to be published for every spend, despite only one combination being used (I think the limit is 14 out of 15 keys). The worst case there was 15 ^ 2 * 73 bytes (16KB), which is pretty big (but unlikely that all 15 sigs would be 73 bytes, or that a 2 of 15 scheme would be at all common). Schnorr with musig uses one 64 byte signature in all cases, and taproot collapses all the possible branches down to just one. I think the limit on the number of signers has been changed/removed for musig, but can't actually remember accurately. Lightning open/mutual closes are cut over 50%; schnorr more than halves it, and taproot also more than halves it. Unilateral closes are a slightly bigger script than open/mutual close, but still benefits from schnorr, and from only recording one script branch on-chain. But regular transactions will save just 8 bytes using 64 byte schnorr sigs, which is less than 5%. Sadly, no possible gains to be had from sig additivity or excised script branches when there's just one signature and one script But not everyone can use it anyway; it's taken over 4 years for people to move 10% of the Bitcoin supply to native segwit addresses (although usage just hit 70% in blocks). I expect alot of coins will still be resting in the 2010-era P2PKH addresses in another 4 years
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check the source code Laws within the US that governs Bitcoin mining related firms or its related activities. all I'm saying is that I doubt any such thing will be more effective than the code. the code restricts the writing of any gangster ordinances, so the code is at a higher level of enforcement
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I'm almost certain that there isn't any laws which governs Bitcoin mining? check the source code
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transactions which realize gains of $200 or less are exempt, which would allow bitcoin to be used for daily transactions and spending without the ridiculous situation of the IRS wanting people to report capital gains on buying a cup of coffee.
I'm not holding my breath, through. The IRS can change their notices on a whim, so I'm sure they will continue to state that bitcoin is not a currency and will not be taxed as such.
yeah, forget all that if you're paying with a phone, this may end up being the "big reveal", whereby Apple/Google are asked to inform on everyone using their software. Maybe even ARM can do it too (i.e. rooting and replacing the OS won't work in that case) linux-only phones (e.g. pine & purism) can probably be used to get around that sort of thing, as I think they're not using these "secure" ARM chips which likely operate like a rootkit (i.e. ignoring the OS and the user) in future, open source chip designs (so far we have RISC-V) will make that sort of thing irrelevant
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we should stay away from pools that have an initiative to censoring transactions.
easy 1. don't join their system, they will never process your transactions 2. accept "clean" BTC from the people who use their system, then use it in transactions together with normal BTC, normal miners will still process the transaction et voila, fascist-coin gets converted back into normal BTC
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one rumor suggests chinese miners are being welcomed to Iran. which would probably balance out in the end; iranians want to trade with the world, not just chinese companies, and the chinese don't really want their currency in foreigners hands anyway (hence the onshore/offshore version of the yuan) still, there'll be plenty of drama till it settles down though
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Unlike SegWit, Taproot has less publication on public media, so i don't expect lots of people celebrate Taproot lock in. technical improvements will probably not get much attention from most people. if you believe the hype, a significant number of people sold off when the FBI "hacked bitcoin", implying that there is at least an expectation that some people don't even understand the technical details from 2009 era Bitcoin v.0.1, never mind taproot/schnorr (it could all easily have been coordinated with insider manipulation at the exchanges, i.e. few traders really sold, hence the price recovering quickly, the story sounds like bs to me).
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***yaaaawn***
tokens are inherently abstractions of something real, that's what "token" means. welcome to monetary theory 101
[/thread]
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37-year-old Nayib Bukele, a former advertising exec turned mayor of San Salvador. His baseball caps, leather jackets, and savvy use of social media set him apart from the increasingly hated political establishment. see, this is what I mean really would it surprise anyone if, given the above, a bunch of people who know Nayib Bukele personally say he's a bit of a manipulative prick? Oh here comes Jesus on a motorbike, that's what we need to run this town!
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Interesting thing to see that this notorious russian hackers are always targeting stuff like oil, meat and coal related industries that are accused for increasing global warming just like Bitcoin. After latest JBS and all other hacks you can clearly see that all this attacks are coming from a single center and that is not Russia, even if russian hackers may be used as a tool. Biden recently said that global warming is biggest threat for United States and Trump said that Bitcoin is biggest threat to us dollar, so think about that. Investigate everything, don't trust government and don't trust anything you hear on mainstream media.
when you look at the trends in the media over the past 20 years, one trend stands out: if the trends were not natural, but deliberate, it's a perfect recipe for worldwide chaos
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What other countries presently uses American dollars as their currency? They should follow El Salvador. This is significant and this might only be the beginning of bitcoin as a political movement. The CIA can topple all those regimes that would adopt bitcoin, however, can they topple all of them? yes, they can topple all of them (and already did throughout the 20 th century) they can topple the people too, but that's much more expensive (and obvious) than toppling their rival gangsters so that's why I focus on completely ignoring what the government gangsters are saying. normal people can do it without them, and more effectively
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If these senators would have lived in the stone age, we would have now much better regulated fire and storms.
it actually wouldn't surprise me if one of these ghouls claimed "bitcoin has made god angry"
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