[PRE-ANN] Paper - DAG Real World Asset Exchange

[willstarkro]

http://i66.tinypic.com/fwpu88.png

The Idea

The world of digital cryptocurrency is simply that, digital. While everyone would agree that this is how we will eventually transact, there will always be physical, real-life assets that people/businesses/governments possess Paper will be the first ledger that allows a user to electronically register ownership of a physical asset, and also allow for the exchange of physical assets through the same ledger, all while having free and instantaneous transactions. This will be accomplished using a modified DAG data structure built on three layers. The first will be the Paper currency, then there will be an intermediary smart contract layer, and finally the asset ledger, which will track the movement and data of each asset. For distributors, Paper will integrate with your existing processes to automate and decentralize Sign-offs, Bills, and shipment tracking.

Free trade is stitched into the fabric of the international economy. Though critical, this multi-trillion-dollar sector is largely run on legacy infrastructure that is incredibly inefficient, costly and sluggish. Plagued by a host of error-prone intermediary parties, the logistics industry is overdue for a serious overhaul.

Paper is building a fully integrated Blockchain system to unify the modern supply chain. By logging transactions via an encrypted public ledger, the platform will provide users with complete control over and access to the status of their shipments. This will give entrepreneur-customers a top-down view of their product’s movements.


Use Cases

  •   The largest use case for me is the global e-commerce industry, as this will allow for an immutable ledger of who owns what, at what time.
  •   Core assets such as houses, cars, etc. This technology could theoretically replace deeds and registrations.

How it will work
https://image.ibb.co/bxyfdH/workflow.jpg
Think of the ledger as an immutable data storage container, which shows each real world asset through it's life cycle. This asset will have it's own chain, where you as the owner of the item can record any information you so choose on the item, as well as initiate the transfer of ownership to any other account you so choose.

The main node will simply have every single asset public key - paired with the owner's public key. This greatly reduces data issues as anybody that hosts the full node would only need to store those blocks. The only updates that affect a full node are the changes in ownership of assets.

If the item (such as a computer) already exists on the ledger with a preexisting uniquely identifying key, and you purchase it off of someone else, then it'd simply be a transfer of assets from one person to another with the completion of your payment.

The issue is when a new item is created, or you want to add an item that previously did not exist on the ledger.

If it's a tech product, such as a company creates a new car and they need to list it onto the database, then the machine's software itself would use an API provided by Paper, which generates a unique key linking it to the company/person creating it. If it's a non-tech product, this is a much harder problem to solve. One route I am thinking is implementing a sensor onto the asset, such as a house, could be purchased from us. You would need to specifically tell us what the product is and so forth, and if we would detect that something like it already exists, we would reject the creation of the asset on the ledger. This sensor could also allow us to track the position of the product, such as a package you order. Any time the package stops moving, we would create a new data entry recording that position.

Because of this implementation, we would never allow a new key be created for an already existing asset. This ensures that the asset wasn't taken illegally.

What I'm currently working on building is the master node, this is what will be built on a DAG Protocol

Timeline

  •   End of Q1 2018
        o      Finish mathematical structure and facilitation for storing ledger of physical assets
        o      Begin work on creating hardware/software solution to create distinct key for each physical asset
   •   End of Q2 2018
        o   Depending on which ledger I implement, this phase will involve reforming ledger to meet demands of this project (This may stretch into Q3 2018)
        o   Release Beta version at the end of this phase
   •   End of Q3 – mid Q4 2018
        o   Continue development of ledger
        o   Build out API’s and toolkits  


Discord Chat: https://discord.gg/9HsErfP

Sources/Credits:
IOTA whitepaper: https://iota.org/IOTA_Whitepaper.pdf
RaiBlocks whitepaper: https://raiblocks.net/media/RaiBlocks_Whitepaper.pdf
Bitcoin: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
IOTA vs RaiBlocks Technical Discussion: https://hackernoon.com/iota-vs-raiblocks-413679bb4c3e

[Almy]

http://i66.tinypic.com/fwpu88.png

The Idea

The world of digital cryptocurrency is simply that, digital. While everyone would agree that this is how we will eventually transact, there will always be physical, real-life assets that people/businesses/governments possess. Paper will be the first ledger that allows a user to electronically register ownership of a physical asset, and also allow for the exchange of physical assets through the same ledger. This will be accomplished using a modified DAG (direct acrylic graph) data structure built on two layers. The first will be the Paper currency, the second being the asset ledger, which will track the movement and data of each asset. This will most likely be built upon IOTA, but I have begun exploring RaiBlocks as an ulterior structure (I have outlined my take on both below). As it currently stands, it is just me working on the project, but I have outlined my timeline below, and believe that I can achieve my goals.

This is not an ask for donations, or an announcement for an ICO. This is purely to state my intentions to complete this project. If there is significant interest, I will allow limited donations. If you donate understand that this is not a promise for returns at a later time, but a donation to further develop and create this project.    

Why IOTA or RaiBlocks

The value of these next generation ledgers is incredibly noticeable, and necessary for this project to succeed. Both IOTA and RaiBlock’s implementation allow for highly scalable, instant, and fee-less transactions, all on a decentralized network.

IOTA: IOTA is far more developed and mature DAG ledger at this point. And technically, it has some advantages over RaiBlocks. Each transaction on IOTA allows for 1 kilobyte of arbitrary data attached, while RaiBlocks allows for only 128 bits total on its first layer. This gives IOTA a distinct advantage when dealing with IoT devices. However, as noted by the article, there could be a second layer introduced which could allow for the transfer of data. Another advantage of IOTA is it allows for off-chain transactions to be attached to the Tangle at a later date. This lets the IoT devices not have to transact online for it to function properly.

RaiBlocks: RaiBlocks is the up and coming ledger that has captured a lot of people’s attention, and for good reason. Their implementation gives every user their own mini blockchain. The system makes sense, even more so for the storage of records of physical assets for a user. One of the current issues with RaiBlocks is its lack of privacy. Someone has spoken on fixing this using zkSNARKS (here), and I plan on reaching out and discussing the implementation and whether there is a way to concreate a solution.

For reference, here is the methodology below:

zkSNARKs have 4 main ingredients:


A) Encoding as a polynomial problem

The program that is to be checked is compiled into a quadratic equation of polynomials: t(x) h(x) = w(x) v(x), where the equality holds if and only if the program is computed correctly. The prover wants to convince the verifier that this equality holds.


B) Succinctness by random sampling

The verifier chooses a secret evaluation point s to reduce the problem from multiplying polynomials and verifying polynomial function equality to simple multiplication and equality check on numbers: t(s)h(s) = w(s)v(s)

This reduces both the proof size and the verification time tremendously.


C) Homomorphic encoding / encryption

An encoding/encryption function E is used that has some homomorphic properties (but is not fully homomorphic, something that is not yet practical). This allows the prover to compute E(t(s)), E(h(s)), E(w(s)), E(v(s)) without knowing s, she only knows E(s) and some other helpful encrypted values.


D) Zero Knowledge

The prover permutes the values E(t(s)), E(h(s)), E(w(s)), E(v(s)) by multiplying with a number so that the verifier can still check their correct structure without knowing the actual encoded values.

The very rough idea is that checking t(s)h(s) = w(s)v(s) is identical to checking t(s)h(s) k = w(s)v(s) k for a random secret number k (which is not zero), with the difference that if you are sent only the numbers (t(s)h(s) k) and (w(s)v(s) k), it is impossible to derive t(s)h(s) or w(s)v(s). 

(Christian Reitwiessner 2016) 

Use Cases

   •   The largest use case for me is the global e-commerce industry, as this will allow for an immutable ledger of who owns what, at what time.
   •   Core assets such as houses, cars, etc. This technology could theoretically replace deeds and registrations.


Timeline

   •   End of Q1 2018
        o      Finish mathematical structure and facilitation for storing ledger of physical assets
        o      Begin work on creating hardware/software solution to create distinct key for each physical asset
   •   End of Q2 2018
        o   Depending on which ledger I implement, this phase will involve reforming ledger to meet demands of this project (This may stretch into Q3 2018)
        o   Release Beta version at the end of this phase
   •   End of Q3 – mid Q4 2018
        o   Continue development of ledger
        o   Build out API’s and toolkits  

This is obviously not a definitive plan, just my thoughts on how quickly I believe I can accomplish different steps. As of now, I have no plans to create an ICO, and don’t have an official white paper. I will be focusing on the code to ensure that this project is feasible. As you can tell by the banner design, I am no marketer or designer. I will answer any questions you guys may have on the project, and look forward to building this.

Please note, this announcement thread is a pre-ann and is not complete, I will update as the project progresses.

Sources/Credits:
IOTA whitepaper: https://iota.org/IOTA_Whitepaper.pdf
RaiBlocks whitepaper: https://raiblocks.net/media/RaiBlocks_Whitepaper.pdf
zkSNARKs: https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/12/05/zksnarks-in-a-nutshell/
Bitcoin: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
IOTA vs RaiBlocks Technical Discussion: https://hackernoon.com/iota-vs-raiblocks-413679bb4c3e

Quote for Images

[bitblaster]

I am looking for a project that combines DAG with zkSNARKs.
Not sure if it works, but would be very promising.

[willstarkro]

I am looking for a project that combines DAG with zkSNARKs.
Not sure if it works, but would be very promising.

The zkSNARKS would be implemented if I decide to use RaiBlocks, since RaiBlocks currently has a very weak system in place right now to protect transaction privacy.

There is one person that is claiming to be working on a solution (here https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0). It is quite a difficult task, due to how much computing power each transaction would need (this will slow down the process considerably), and I will do my own analysis to see how feasible it really is.

[bitblaster]

I am looking for a project that combines DAG with zkSNARKs.
Not sure if it works, but would be very promising.

The zkSNARKS would be implemented if I decide to use RaiBlocks, since RaiBlocks currently has a very weak system in place right now to protect transaction privacy.

There is one person that is claiming to be working on a solution (here https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0). It is quite a difficult task, due to how much computing power each transaction would need (this will slow down the process considerably), and I will do my own analysis to see how feasible it really is.

Yes, I'm following that project. DAG has definitely some advantages over blockchain.

-bitblaster

[kaar]

Guys beware, this guy simply copy-pasted this thread:https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0.

[moneroguru]

Guys beware, this guy simply copy-pasted this thread:https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0.

Stone, Paper

Sounds like: Rock paper scissors lizard spock

[blg42598]

Looks like Stone, hopefully not the same person because then Stone is most likely a scam 

[willstarkro]

Guys beware, this guy simply copy-pasted this thread:https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0.

How did I simply copy-paste the thread. It's a totally different idea. I used his format because it makes sense, and it's not a big concern to me how it looks. I even acknowledged his thread and what he said.

I'd be happy to discuss the work I made, and go into a technical discussion of the project.

As you can see, I haven't even asked for donations.

[monsanto]

Guys beware, this guy simply copy-pasted this thread:https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0.

Stone, Paper

Sounds like: Rock paper scissors lizard spock

I thought the same thing.. all we need is a scissors DAG & zkSNARKS project and it will complete the whole set.

[willstarkro]

Guys beware, this guy simply copy-pasted this thread:https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0.

Stone, Paper

Sounds like: Rock paper scissors lizard spock

I thought the same thing.. all we need is a scissors DAG & zkSNARKS project and it will complete the whole set.

My project has so little to do about zkSNARKS, it's actually confusing how you could think that. All I did was mention that RaiBlocks current privacy system isn't good, and someone was working on a solution.

[kamiyama]

Let's cooperate together, develop and earn wealth.
stone+paper=Awesome!

[willstarkro]

Let's cooperate together, develop and earn wealth.
stone+paper=Awesome!

I definitely plan on reaching out to the person developing Stone. I'm not sure yet if I want to switch over to a RaiBlocks system (IOTA has some benefits to it), but it'd be worth talking to him about the scalability of the zkSNARKS implementation.

[harbinger-alpha]

Guys beware, this guy simply copy-pasted this thread:https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0.

Stone, Paper

Sounds like: Rock paper scissors lizard spock

I thought the same thing.. all we need is a scissors DAG & zkSNARKS project and it will complete the whole set.

Uh oh. So are both this and Stone scams?

[tom12392]

http://i66.tinypic.com/fwpu88.png

The Idea

The world of digital cryptocurrency is simply that, digital. While everyone would agree that this is how we will eventually transact, there will always be physical, real-life assets that people/businesses/governments possess. Paper will be the first ledger that allows a user to electronically register ownership of a physical asset, and also allow for the exchange of physical assets through the same ledger. This will be accomplished using a modified DAG (direct acrylic graph) data structure built on two layers. The first will be the Paper currency, the second being the asset ledger, which will track the movement and data of each asset. This will most likely be built upon IOTA, but I have begun exploring RaiBlocks as an ulterior structure (I have outlined my take on both below). As it currently stands, it is just me working on the project, but I have outlined my timeline below, and believe that I can achieve my goals.

This is not an ask for donations, or an announcement for an ICO. This is purely to state my intentions to complete this project.  

Why IOTA or RaiBlocks

The value of these next generation ledgers is incredibly noticeable, and necessary for this project to succeed. Both IOTA and RaiBlock’s implementation allow for highly scalable, instant, and fee-less transactions, all on a decentralized network.

IOTA: IOTA is far more developed and mature DAG ledger at this point. And technically, it has some advantages over RaiBlocks. Each transaction on IOTA allows for 1 kilobyte of arbitrary data attached, while RaiBlocks allows for only 128 bits total on its first layer. This gives IOTA a distinct advantage when dealing with IoT devices. However, as noted by the article, there could be a second layer introduced which could allow for the transfer of data. Another advantage of IOTA is it allows for off-chain transactions to be attached to the Tangle at a later date. This lets the IoT devices not have to transact online for it to function properly.

RaiBlocks: RaiBlocks is the up and coming ledger that has captured a lot of people’s attention, and for good reason. Their implementation gives every user their own mini blockchain. The system makes sense, even more so for the storage of records of physical assets for a user. One of the current issues with RaiBlocks is its lack of privacy. Someone has spoken on fixing this using zkSNARKS (here https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0), and I plan on reaching out and discussing the implementation and whether there is a way to cocreate a solution.

Use Cases

  •   The largest use case for me is the global e-commerce industry, as this will allow for an immutable ledger of who owns what, at what time.
  •    Core assets such as houses, cars, etc. This technology could theoretically replace deeds and registrations.


Timeline

  •   End of Q1 2018
        o      Finish mathematical structure and facilitation for storing ledger of physical assets
        o      Begin work on creating hardware/software solution to create distinct key for each physical asset
   •   End of Q2 2018
        o   Depending on which ledger I implement, this phase will involve reforming ledger to meet demands of this project (This may stretch into Q3 2018)
        o   Release Beta version at the end of this phase
   •   End of Q3 – mid Q4 2018
        o   Continue development of ledger
        o   Build out API’s and toolkits  

This is obviously not a definitive plan, just my thoughts on how quickly I believe I can accomplish different steps. As of now, I have no plans to create an ICO, and don’t have an official white paper. I will be focusing on the code to ensure that this project is feasible. I will answer any questions you guys may have on the project, and look forward to building this.


Sources/Credits:
IOTA whitepaper: https://iota.org/IOTA_Whitepaper.pdf
RaiBlocks whitepaper: https://raiblocks.net/media/RaiBlocks_Whitepaper.pdf
zkSNARKs: https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/12/05/zksnarks-in-a-nutshell/
Bitcoin: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
IOTA vs RaiBlocks Technical Discussion: https://hackernoon.com/iota-vs-raiblocks-413679bb4c3e

Interesting concept... Kind of confusing though how real world assets would be linked to an electronic ledger.

What would stop me from listing something that really isn't mine

[willstarkro]

http://i66.tinypic.com/fwpu88.png

The Idea

The world of digital cryptocurrency is simply that, digital. While everyone would agree that this is how we will eventually transact, there will always be physical, real-life assets that people/businesses/governments possess. Paper will be the first ledger that allows a user to electronically register ownership of a physical asset, and also allow for the exchange of physical assets through the same ledger. This will be accomplished using a modified DAG (direct acrylic graph) data structure built on two layers. The first will be the Paper currency, the second being the asset ledger, which will track the movement and data of each asset. This will most likely be built upon IOTA, but I have begun exploring RaiBlocks as an ulterior structure (I have outlined my take on both below). As it currently stands, it is just me working on the project, but I have outlined my timeline below, and believe that I can achieve my goals.

This is not an ask for donations, or an announcement for an ICO. This is purely to state my intentions to complete this project.  

Why IOTA or RaiBlocks

The value of these next generation ledgers is incredibly noticeable, and necessary for this project to succeed. Both IOTA and RaiBlock’s implementation allow for highly scalable, instant, and fee-less transactions, all on a decentralized network.

IOTA: IOTA is far more developed and mature DAG ledger at this point. And technically, it has some advantages over RaiBlocks. Each transaction on IOTA allows for 1 kilobyte of arbitrary data attached, while RaiBlocks allows for only 128 bits total on its first layer. This gives IOTA a distinct advantage when dealing with IoT devices. However, as noted by the article, there could be a second layer introduced which could allow for the transfer of data. Another advantage of IOTA is it allows for off-chain transactions to be attached to the Tangle at a later date. This lets the IoT devices not have to transact online for it to function properly.

RaiBlocks: RaiBlocks is the up and coming ledger that has captured a lot of people’s attention, and for good reason. Their implementation gives every user their own mini blockchain. The system makes sense, even more so for the storage of records of physical assets for a user. One of the current issues with RaiBlocks is its lack of privacy. Someone has spoken on fixing this using zkSNARKS (here https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=2581762.0), and I plan on reaching out and discussing the implementation and whether there is a way to cocreate a solution.

Use Cases

  •   The largest use case for me is the global e-commerce industry, as this will allow for an immutable ledger of who owns what, at what time.
  •    Core assets such as houses, cars, etc. This technology could theoretically replace deeds and registrations.


Timeline

  •   End of Q1 2018
        o      Finish mathematical structure and facilitation for storing ledger of physical assets
        o      Begin work on creating hardware/software solution to create distinct key for each physical asset
   •   End of Q2 2018
        o   Depending on which ledger I implement, this phase will involve reforming ledger to meet demands of this project (This may stretch into Q3 2018)
        o   Release Beta version at the end of this phase
   •   End of Q3 – mid Q4 2018
        o   Continue development of ledger
        o   Build out API’s and toolkits  

This is obviously not a definitive plan, just my thoughts on how quickly I believe I can accomplish different steps. As of now, I have no plans to create an ICO, and don’t have an official white paper. I will be focusing on the code to ensure that this project is feasible. I will answer any questions you guys may have on the project, and look forward to building this.


Sources/Credits:
IOTA whitepaper: https://iota.org/IOTA_Whitepaper.pdf
RaiBlocks whitepaper: https://raiblocks.net/media/RaiBlocks_Whitepaper.pdf
zkSNARKs: https://blog.ethereum.org/2016/12/05/zksnarks-in-a-nutshell/
Bitcoin: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
IOTA vs RaiBlocks Technical Discussion: https://hackernoon.com/iota-vs-raiblocks-413679bb4c3e

Interesting concept... Kind of confusing though how real world assets would be linked to an electronic ledger.

What would stop me from listing something that really isn't mine

Good question.

This really stems from how you received the item. If the item (such as a computer) already exists on the ledger with a preexisting uniquely identifying key, and you purchase it off of someone else, then it'd simply be a transfer of assets from one person to another with the completion of your payment.

The issue is when a new item is created, or you want to add an item that previously did not exist on the ledger.

If it's a tech product, such as a company creates a new car and they need to list it onto the database, then the machine's software itself would use an API provided by Paper, which generates a unique key linking it to the company/person creating it. If it's a non-tech product, this is a much harder problem to solve. One route I am thinking is implementing a sensor onto the asset, such as a house, could be purchased from us. You would need to specifically tell us what the product is and so forth, and if we would detect that something like it already exists, we would reject the creation of the asset on the ledger. This sensor could also allow us to track the position of the product, such as a package you order. Any time the package stops moving, we would create a new data entry recording that position.

Because of this implementation, we would never allow a new key be created for an already existing asset. This ensures that the asset wasn't taken illegally.

[Alphapulsared]

>>>RaiBlocks allows for only 128 bits total on its first layer.
Care to explain? I couldnt find the notion of layers in the Raibloks whitepaper

[xibeijan]

Ummm?

[willstarkro]

>>>RaiBlocks allows for only 128 bits total on its first layer.
Care to explain? I couldnt find the notion of layers in the Raibloks whitepaper

XRB's chain uses a 128 bit integer to represent account balances on the tangle. This limits the amount of data that can be passed considerably. Some have thought that using stenography, we may be able to get around this issue. Personally, I would try to build a 2nd layer over top the layer that stores account balances.

Here is RaiBlock's GitHub on the matter:
https://github.com/clemahieu/raiblocks/wiki/Distribution,-Mining-and-Units

Stenography if you're interested:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steganography

[willstarkro]

Ummm?

I'd be happy to explain any questions you may have.