Would Luna based machines talk directly with machines on Terra's ground or would it talk with Terran satelites, or even it's own satelite network that in turn would talk with Terran satelites?
Well a proper networking system on the moon would have both a direct (unreliable) connection through whatever medium (Light, Radio), and an indirect (satellites) connection. Routing would take the fastest route in which could vary, and bother types of connections would provide backup for each other just in case one fails.
This is more of a concern for internet on the moon rather than any sort of Bitcoin nodes, since Bitcoin uses the internet (or any available and compatable network) to work. As long as computers from both locations can communicate, then Bitcoin will work.
Just to cover all bases, I also will assume you mean specific bitcoin satellite nodes as well. In which the answer would still be both, as those nodes would most likely be networking satellites that run a bitcoin client (making money for the owner with transaction fees)