So every time a new official version of Bitcoin Core is released I try to connect to it to check if solo mining is working with a GPU like in the old days. For that I use the latest version of CGMiner which supported GPU's (v3.7.2) and GUIMiner. This worked fine with all versions up to 0.9.3 with the bitcoin.conf below:
The getwork protocol was removed from bitcoin core since it was a pointless way to mine and didn't scale to modern hardware. You need modern mining software to be able to solo mine to it now. Try with the current cgminer pointed at bitcoind (even if you don't have any mining hardware), but you have to specify a mine-to address with --btc-address as extra to solo mine.