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2341  Other / Meta / Re: HTTP ERROR 403 on: January 11, 2021, 02:02:27 PM
403s error, do you mean this?
Oh I see. I didn't notice that. Yep, that's probably it.
I experienced it earlier and even now when accessing this thread from email notification and works after I refresh a few times.
Only happens when you're opening the link in a new tab. Refreshing the new tab solves the problem.



Broke the merit extension that I'm using too but it's no big deal.
2342  Other / Meta / HTTP ERROR 403 on: January 11, 2021, 01:57:02 PM
I've been getting a bunch of error 403 when opening the pages in a new tab. I've tried clearing cache and it still persists. Is it a forum-wide issue or is it just me?
2343  Bitcoin / Hardware wallets / Re: Open source hardware wallets on: January 11, 2021, 08:28:46 AM
If I can take trezor and ledger nano as an example, there have been vulnerabilities found on these wallets, there were bugs and other vulnerabilities that were later fixed. But open source wallets are far better than close sources. Users can not know what is happening while they are using close source wallets (users do not know if the wallet can do some monitoring or have some vulnerabilities that was coded into close source wallets), also what tells us the developers of close source can not later create a backdoor to steal from people. Bitcoin is money, I can not keep my bitcoin in a safe that I do not know the inside because I do not know what is running inside, that is why close source wallet should be discouraged even if good. Everything about bitcoin should be decentralized and open source by nature because bitcoin is money, anything we will use to keep bitcoin should be completely known to bitcoin users, to know what is running under the wallet as its source codes.
Do you read and review the source code?

Don't get me wrong. I also prefer open source codes over closed source ones but its a stretch to assume that just because something is open source that means it's completely safe. That's the same sense of security that phishing attacks has evolved to exploit. Some users were tricked to install fake versions of Electrum that were hosted on github. Some users assume that just because it's hosted on github and having the source code visible (albeit modified with small malicious codes), it is safe.

The point I'm trying to make here is that just because something is open source doesn't mean it is superior over another that is closed source. Ledger has a NDA which means their secure element cannot be open source. Some prefer Ledger and some prefer Trezor but most don't consider the fact that Ledger doesn't have an open source secure element firmware. Hardware wallets are for-profit companies and they have to keep certain proprietary contents secret.
2344  Bitcoin / Hardware wallets / Re: Open source hardware wallets on: January 11, 2021, 06:42:21 AM
Trezor is completely open source. Ledger has a closed source security chip. And I'm not sure about cold card? I thought it just had a micro sd with the private keys on it so I suppose they generate them for you...

I think there are people who have used the trezor firmware and got it to run on a raspberry pi before now and there was a circuit board git repository circulating somewhere that seemed to be by them.
If any hardware wallet stores any sensitive information on SD cards, throw it away. You're paying some hefty sum for a hardware wallet and it shouldn't be that easy to access private keys or seeds. ColdCard is like an airgapped wallet and the SD card is used as a method to transfer PSBT files to and from the device.

That being said, no it stores the seeds and the keys within it's secure element. You can actually build your own Trezor though that'll require some technical expertise. If you're doing that with a Raspberry Pi, I believe airgapped storage would be much more straightforward for you. It doesn't have a secure element anyways so it makes no difference.

Open Source does not necessarily determine it's level of security. People can't seem to get it inside their head. There is still some level of trust when you're buying a hardware wallet, be it the personal information stored when purchasing or trusting them to not have intentionally included any backdoors (not very plausible but of course still a possibility). You have to make your own judgement based on the price of the device and/or the track record of the company.
2345  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Service Discussion (Altcoins) / Re: Transferring BCH from Coinmama to BTC wallet on Electrum on: January 11, 2021, 04:03:38 AM
The thing i did was this, i created a BTC Bitcoin wallet at Electron, then i bought for a sertan ammount BCH Bitcoin Cash on Coinmama, then i get Coinmama to transfer the BCH to my Electrum BTC account, then i did see that nothing landed in my account, so i thought something most be wrong, then i found out it was a BTC and not a BCH account i had created.
How did you create the BTC wallet in Electrum? Did you use a seed? Did you select 2FA? How does the wallet look like.
After this i made a BCH account at Electrum as one of you asked me to, but the problem is and you need to spell it out word dor word, how can i get the BCH cash i bought from Coinmama over to my BCH Wallet ?
If you import your BTC wallet into a BCH wallet, you should be able to see the transaction and thus your funds. You can spend your coins and send the funds to another BCH address. What problems are you encountering?
2346  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Technical Support / Re: Average mempool size difference across nodes on: January 11, 2021, 03:53:47 AM
Lets say I'm restarting my bitcoin node after a few days being offline. Since mempool is in RAM, my mempool is empty. Do I ask my peers for transactions I missed to fill my mempool or do I just normally receive transactions and when validating a block asking for missing transactions and put them directly into the UTXO? And Is the UTXO set also in RAM or stored on the HD?
The mempool is dumped onto the disk at shutdown. It's contained within mempool.dat within the data directory.

CMIIW, the reference client synchronizes first before repopulating the mempool again. It would make sense for them to catch up with the best tip so that any transactions spending the same UTXO within the mempool can be removed more efficiently.

My take on the issue is that discrepancies between mempool size should be a result of the user's configuration more than the nature of the propagation of the transaction. I've previously ran a node and a pruned Bitcoin Core node. When I did arbitrary comparisons, the difference between the two was fairly small, think less than a MB. It's no indication of the bigger picture but I'm inclined to believe that the difference should not be excessively big.
2347  Bitcoin / Hardware wallets / Re: Can Ledger Prevent you from accessing your Hardware wallet? on: January 10, 2021, 05:57:55 PM
So you say I need to trust them not to block me out, so then  while they can't access my crypto they can block me out from using it and same goes for other wallets? So let's say the government decides that  they want to outlaw BTc then they can just prevent us from acess to it  through these companies as a collective or individually? So my power still lies in having to trust that Ledger or other wallet providers and not directly in the blockchain?
No... That literally the opposite of what he says. Hardware wallet providers should not have access to your keys. They cannot control how you spend your funds. They could possibly push out a firmware update which requires the user's participation to brick the device but your funds will be recoverable from the seeds.

If you are in sole control your seed and by extension the private keys, you are not in control of any companies and/or wallet providers. You can and will be able to import the seeds or private keys into another wallet and use it normally.
2348  Alternate cryptocurrencies / Service Discussion (Altcoins) / Re: Transferring BCH from Coinmama to BTC wallet on Electrum on: January 10, 2021, 05:54:20 PM
Not a big mistake.
Export the private key and restore the wallet using BCH wallet client. I think Electrum has a BCH software.
Electrum does not have a BCH software. It has a fork that was modified for BCH but that is not from the same author as Electrum.

Bitcoin Cash is a fork of Bitcoin and certain address types are valid for both. It cannot be reversed. Electron Cash is a fork of Electrum. You can export that specific private key and use any wallet that supports Bitcoin Cash to get your funds.
2349  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Technical Support / Re: Unable to download full blockchain through bitcoin core on: January 10, 2021, 05:51:47 PM
Thanks for the answer. How I do that?
I go to bitcoin folder and run
Code:
bitcoin-qt.exe reconsiderblock 000000000000000004510cf2b6dba8d3aa80bd1601ee6d1cc7c7bff67c8c0c9d

Shows no message but runs client normally...
Also the same error in the same block appears in debug.log
You have to do it in the client. Click the Window Tab and you should see an option called Console.
2350  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Technical Support / Re: Unable to download full blockchain through bitcoin core on: January 10, 2021, 05:27:24 PM
Try going to Window>Console and type in this:

Code:
reconsiderblock 000000000000000004510cf2b6dba8d3aa80bd1601ee6d1cc7c7bff67c8c0c9d

The warning usually occurs when a block is marked invalid by user inputs. I could be wrong in this case but it would definitely be worth a try.

It worked for another user that I helped previously but I was unable to diagnose the problem. Regardless, could you go further into your debug.log and see if there's anything that states marking this specific block invalid?
2351  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: How many of you check the code of open source software? on: January 10, 2021, 03:16:23 PM
Every miner uses the newest Update...
They don't. You actually don't need to specifically run Bitcoin Core to operate a mining pool. You can use a derivative of that and function just as well, providing that the transactions and the blocks conform to the rules that are implemented.
1. It's officially hosted on one site, downloaded at a central location.
2. Not all miners check or look at the code or even work on it -- a few devs do. If those few devs decide to inject malicious code... everyone else is just going to download and implement it.
3. There are no real security checks with the updates -- no formal body of regulators or official code security team is going to check it for malware... yes, it's open source and everyone can view it -- but then you'd need volunteers to check it regularly. Often, people who check the code only do so after everyone updated already.
The only real way to mitigate your concerns is to learn C++ and start reading the codes. If you can't, there is no way around your concerns.

It is true that you have to trust others if you cannot validate the code in it's entirety. However, each release is signed by several developers within the community[1]. Anyone can create their own gitian signature so the best way is to build a well established PGP WOT to be sure that you can trust the people signing the release and that nothing malicious is added.

[1] https://github.com/bitcoin-core/gitian.sigs

that is only possible and easy when you check each commit every day individually. but if you are checking the difference from version to version (for example from bitcoin core version 0.19 to 0.20) then there is going to be a large number of commits with a huge amount of code changed, added or removed which makes it extremely difficult.

in core's example there was 2033 commits, 1254 files changed with 78,888 additions and 72,492 deletions.
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/compare/v0.19.2...v0.20.0
You can compare with each RCs and you'll have way lesser codes to deal with. Normal users shouldn't be running RCs anyways but it'll give you some time before the stable release and have lesser codes to review from the final RC to the actual release.
2352  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Technical Support / Re: Restoring an old 'wallet.dat' file on: January 10, 2021, 11:29:53 AM
For wallet.dat file, if you don't want to download 300GB+ of blockchain again, you could use tools such as pywallet to extract the private key and import it to lightweight wallet (such as Electrum).
I think dumpwallet would suffice, doesn't need to be synchronized and shows all the keys.

OP, if you choose to not synchronize but can put up with importing loads of addresses, you can go to Windows>Console and type in the following.
Code:
dumpwallet Directory/wallet.txt

Replacing the directory with whichever directory you'd like.
2353  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: How can be sure the BTC private key collisions won't start occurring? on: January 10, 2021, 09:22:01 AM
He explains that it's practically impossible with today's computer power to find any specific bitcoin private key given the public key.

While that's true, in reality, that's not the approach a hacker would take.
No. Quantum computers can be good at factoring which would result in the private keys to be derived from the public keys in about 128^3 operations as compared to the 2^128 in classical computers.
As more people adopt bitcoin, it should get just a little easier to get lucky and pick a private key with money in it, no? So my questions are:

- While this might be hard to pull off right now because of the ratio of:

(accounts with money) / (total accounts)

is low, this ratio will only increase with time. How do we know when the address space is saturated and it's time to increase `total-accounts`?

- Was this "saturation" considered in the original Bitcoin implementation and there should be no need to increase the total account number? I find this very unlikely as it's hard to predict how bitcoin will be used by companies and individuals (people can create as many wallets as they please)

Thanks from a btc newby!
Most people cannot accurately determine the sheer range of addresses there is. Even if you consider the birthday paradox, your chances are still very low, 1 in 2^80, to be exact. The cost and the time wouldn't be worth it, earth would probably not exist by the time you find a funded address.
2354  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: If China confiscates miners - is Bitcoin still safe? [Threat Model Analysis] on: January 10, 2021, 09:06:59 AM
There are many such people making the false statements that bitcoin is centralized and can be controlled by miners in China, the reason for their claim is because China has around 60% of the total world Bitcoin miners.
I removed the remainder of the quote because it's literally the same exact point. 60% of the miners are within the geographical boundaries of China. This means that the government can potentially seize and control 60% of the network's hashrate.

You only need 51% to be able to have a 51% attack. Bitcoin isn't centralized but the concentration of miners makes it less than ideal.
2355  Bitcoin / Hardware wallets / Re: Bitcoin Core and Trezor on: January 10, 2021, 09:01:47 AM
It's possible, but not straight forward.

Bitcoin Core doesn't have native support within the client for HW wallet but you can use a python program as a bridge between your hardware wallet and the client. The program only relays information to and from Bitcoin Core and your Core client becomes a watch-only wallet.

There's a guide here: https://github.com/bitcoin-core/HWI/blob/master/docs/bitcoin-core-usage.md
Repo for the "plugin": https://github.com/bitcoin-core/HWI
2356  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: 🔥 If China confiscates miners - is Bitcoin still safe? [Threat Model Analysis] on: January 10, 2021, 08:59:08 AM
4. Similarly to what they did with Jack Ma and Alibaba, they decide now that the mining system is developed they will simply take full control over it.
Why would they want to control Bitcoin? In the grand scheme of things, Bitcoin doesn't really affect them, if at all. Attacking Bitcoin doesn't really benefit them and would just be a waste of time.

5. If CCP is running the miners they are able to run them more efficiently, since they have way larger budget and can afford free electricity and all that.
They also need a huge land space and loads of people transporting and setting up the miners. That is if they acquire ASICs that makes up 51% of the network hashrate.

6. At this point CCP is controlling Bitcoin network. What happens? If it is not cost efficient for other countries to setup miners to counterbalance this power dynamic, why would they?
We fork Bitcoin to another algorithm. CCP continues mining SHA256d coins only and we can easily shift to another algorithm. CCP doesn't have any advantage over another mining algorithm and life continues.

One things for sure, they won't gain any tangible benefits from that. It's much more likely for pool owners to collude than the CCP intervening.
2357  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Trouble with bootstrap.dat file on: January 10, 2021, 05:32:17 AM
As of Bitcoin Core 0.20.0, the client does not automatically import bootstrap files. In fact, as of 0.10.0 it can actually be slower than synchronizing directly most of the time; downloading the blocks in parallel and verifying at the same time will reduce your synchronization time exponentially. Downloading bootstrap.dat still means your client will spend some time to verify the blocks.

If you want to continue, you have to specify -loadblocks=bootstrap.dat as an argument at startup.
2358  Bitcoin / Hardware wallets / Re: Can Ledger Prevent you from accessing your Hardware wallet? on: January 10, 2021, 04:37:10 AM
Thank you for replies guys, can you please clarify something,  so using recovery phrase we can get access to all BIP39  supported wallets, I read that Electeum  uses other coding language but with a help of 3rd party software we can use BIP39  coding with BIP32,  can this 3rd party software be trusted and also can we actually find out our Private key that is held on ledger or is that too risky?
Electrum supports BIP39. Confusion stems from the fact that they didn't implement it a long time ago and instead used their own format.


You can use scripts to convert your seed phrases to BIP32 xpub or xpriv. I wouldn't recommend you to use any scripts unless you know exactly what you're doing. Using a BIP39 compatible wallet and sweeping the funds to a new wallet would be a way better idea.
2359  Bitcoin / Wallet software / Re: Another BTC MultiBit Classic wallet (no password or seed words) on: January 10, 2021, 03:26:28 AM
You might want to see if this[1] fork will be better, it's far more active than the previous repository. As with your chances, it would probably be not worth your time unless you have some vague idea of the password. AES-256-CBC is not particularly weak.

[1] https://github.com/3rdIteration/btcrecover
2360  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Technical Support / Re: Restoring an old 'wallet.dat' file on: January 10, 2021, 03:11:42 AM
Strangely enough the file is saved under the name 'bitcoin.dat' which I think I might have renamed it to label it properly.

The file is from 2012-2013 if that's of any help. And the file size is "80.0 KB (81,920 bytes)". Does anyone know how I can restore it?
Download the blockchain again. That's the only way you'll be sure that you get all the funds within the wallet.

If you're sure your last transaction was made about 2012-2013, you can synchronize till the blocks in that timeframe. It should show you the relevant transactions during that period of time.
I also have a backup for an old Multibit wallet, file extension ".wallet" (Sized 137 bytes (137 bytes)). Which wallet can I use to restore it? I tried Googling a bit and none of the results I found were helpful.

I am like 99% sure I already sweeped these a few years back and just want to make sure I am not leaving anything behind.

Would appreciate any help on this.
Seems like a Multibit Classic wallet file. If you've exported an unencrypted backup, you can restore it by opening it with a text editor/notepad and the private keys should be organized neatly with the corresponding addresses.
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