I often here people talk about runing a node on a PC. in other words I understand node to be the people who shear thesame information on the blockchain network, which is done by the miner in an open Ledger.
Nodes keep the entire blockchain and also validate new transactions and blocks.
Edit: Nodes don't necessarily keep the entire blockchain. If a node is a pruned node, it keeps the UTXO set and the last x blocks. (x depends on the pruned node settings).
Thanks Charles-Tim for the correction.
I understand also that the information on first block will generate another block after 10 minutes which the whole information will be shared among the nodes.
What do you mean by "
the information on the first block"?
Blocks are mined at the rate of 1 per ~ 10 minutes on average. It's not that we have a new block every 10 minutes.
But my question now is that how does this explanation works when running a node on a PC? And what is the important of running a node?
With running you own node, you can protect your privacy and also help the network be more decentralized.
If you run your own node, you would have a copy of the blockchain (and unconfirmed transactions in your mempool) and you wouldn't have to use block explorers or SPV wallets for checking transactions. If you run your own node, you can also broadcast your transactions by yourself.