Don't condescend me please. If you any sense of reading comprehension, I refer to molecules that are only synthesized in labs and not synthesized in nature. The example I used, D-ascorbate, is not synthesized in nature. I understand that we can mimic natural chemical processes to synthesize the L- enantiomer configuration of Vitamin C and other naturally synthesized chemicals, but we don't always do this.

And yes, neuroreceptors, but that refers to drugs' mechanism of action upon receptors. I was talking about the byproducts of breaking down synthetic unnatural drugs and the chemical effects from said reactions and the oxidative stress they can induce. I understand that metabolism of natural foods cause oxidative stress too, but the interactions of molecules the body didn't evolve to interact with under optimal living conditions are arguably harder on the body, as resilient as the body is.

Destabilization of neural pathways can be inherent in any addictive drug, synthetic or not. For those not familiar, uppers like caffeine, MDMA, cocaine, and amphetamines increase the release of the amine transmitters of serotonin and dopamine (and norepinephrine, but that is not so much a learning neurotransmitter). Our brains have an equilibrium that uses these neurotransmitters for signaling pathways. When uppers are introduced to a delicate equilibriated system, the novel experience, the resulting flood of serotonin and dopamine, disturbs the brain's learned sense of baseline. Afterwards, under normal conditions (without the drug), the brain would never release the same amount of neurotransmitters without these agonists acting upon the receptors to heavily induce signal cascades of said neurotransmitters.  As such, people feel different, or "off" in some sort, after the comedown of drugs . That's why you see people grow to believe they cannot function as well without caffeine or amphetamines (in addition to the reward learning mechanism that comes from dopamine release). That's why people that go to bad concerts chase that good roll but never are able to again without taking higher doses (excitotoxicity, over excitation of receptors and their subsequent destruction also plays a, probably compounding, role). That's why people don't enjoy parties as much without cocaine if they've had a blast doing cocaine before. I've seen it all before, I'm in a frat. It is reversible.

it's the same thing with opiate abuse. Our body has a learned sense of equilibrium of pain. We sit here and we're healthy and nothing is causing us pain, it is because opiate system is in equilibrium. When you flood your opiate receptors with heroin, your brain feels a rush of pleasure and your learned baseline ticks up a bit towards a higher level of opiates for what it considers should be normal. When the opiate leaves the system, since the baseline is adjusted, people feel a bit off because their bodies do not naturally release as many opioid neurotransmitters as compared to when induced by an opiate. If a cycle of abuse is established, the baseline ticks up higher and higher. In the event an addict cannot get more, the pain baseline is so high that without an external agent inducing more opiate release, the normal trickle of opioid neurotransmitters from the brain will not enough for normalcy and addicts actually start feeling pain. Again, reversible, but not easy.

Anyway, what I was trying to say with synthetic psychoactive drugs is that they attempt to specifically target these receptors and as such destabilize the equilibrium and in addition to their possibly unnatural synthesis, the resulting decomposition might have adverse effects on the body as well, perhaps moreso than naturally synthesized analogs.

He seems to be much more immature then his father was. I sometimes wonder how it is that he stays in power and why his people do not overthrow his government with how he treats his people and how outrageous he acts.

Not exactly. I'm claiming that synthetic molecules that would not exist from organically (perhaps co-)evolved processes (i.e. not in a lab from fallible humans playing God) tend to not be meant for our bodies which evolved in for the most part untampered nature for the majority of our timeline. As an example, synthetic Vitamin C (D-ascorbate) is not the full Vitamin C complex (L configuration of ascorbate):
"Ascorbate may also act as an antioxidant against oxidative stress. However, the fact that the enantiomer D-ascorbate (not found in nature) has identical antioxidant activity to L-ascorbate, yet far less vitamin activity,[3] underscores the fact that most of the function of L-ascorbate as a vitamin relies not on its antioxidant properties, but upon enzymic reactions that are stereospecific.

[3]Aboul-Enein HY, Al-Duraibi IA, Stefan RI, Radoi C, Avramescu A (1999). "Analysis of L- and D-ascorbic acid in fruits and fruit drinks by HPLC". Seminars in Food Analysis 4 (1): 31–37.

So, my supposition is that things like MDMA and amphetamines are typically bad for you because 1) the chemical reaction from breaking these molecules down is not something our bodies evolved to break down and 2) the bioactivity from these reactions taking place in our bodies disturb the sensitive equilibrium they were meant to operate at.

Greece lost a game that deserve to win. Costa rica was mediocre in game. Greece has very good opportunities to score and a great defence. But that is football...

Both teams deserved to win, but I'm happier that Netherlands was the one to win(they disclassified would mess my parlays);


Hope that Costa Rica wins by 4vs0 against the greeks, Greece has an awfull defensive football and they deserved to lose al their group stage matches

Yay I got Holland at 16/1  when they were losing 


Come on 40 seconds !

Now I backed Holland.

Come on the Orange!

Anyone know where I can bet on the world cup live? I really fancy the chances of mexico winning this game.

This is not a victory. Us celebrating this means they can think the legality of bitcoin is up for discussion.

I gotta say I think the hot, humid South American climate is helping the teams with similar climates back home. The Holland team already look sweaty as hell while the Mexicans look comfortable.

How do you know it is solid and doesn't resemble the form of an atom?