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541  Other / Archival / Re: Pictures of your mining rigs! on: November 09, 2011, 07:34:17 PM
maybe the world's first public FPGA mining cluster system? or maybe the largest now?

6X Icarus mining borad (12X SX6SLX150) @ 360M/board. 2.16GH/s -peak/total.

power consuming: 115W (MAX) on the wall.

epic!

how much did you pay?

They are self manufactured.
542  Bitcoin / Hardware / FPGA development board "Icarus" - DisContinued/ important announcement on: November 09, 2011, 05:29:57 PM
important announcement:

3rd batch is over.

if you ordered but have no payment inform response, this may cause by my negligence. first i apologize for the careless.
all bulk order shipped, and there are still a few boards left for small orders, they can be shipped in 2-3 days.
if you still want it, please sent me a PM or email ASAP.

if you payed but didn't get my shipment confirmation (include a tracking NO.), this may cause by my negligence. first i apologize for the careless.
please notice me by PM ASAP!

there will be NO batch4 for Icarus project.
and i still have some boards on my hands, but i will reserve them for testing and replace purpose. if you want one eagerly, please feel free to mail me.  Grin

i will take a month break and put most of energy on my next product. and the improvement the bitsteam.
i'm very happy to announce here. next product will begin to use a new name:

Lancelot

any performance index is still a secret. but will be still an open sourced project. and it's original bitsteam will compatibility with present Icarus.

check it here:
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=79835.0


regards.

-----------------------------------------------------------separation line--------------------------------------------

After months of work, finally I build a FPGA mining cluster using the board "Icarus".
each board has 2 XC6SLX150 -2FGG484I on it, generates a 380MH/s hashing power. 19.2W (full load working) / 3.4W (idle) power consuming (board input, without fan). here a detail spec table:

Technology: Spartan6 -LX150 -2I (or -3C)
speed (MH/s): 380
$: 569 (1) / 469$ (multiple of 30) (-5$ if you do not need the adapter, recommend for bulk orders, they are heavy)
W: 4.5 for idle / 21 for full load. (notice this is the on wall power, include the adapter losses and fan)





different form other's design, I put much more(100+) GPIOs on this board, and planty of interconnect wires between the 2 FPGAs(50+). most of them are routed as diff-pairs. and this board has a 6 layers PCB.

the core-voltage regulator can offer up to 15A current for each FPGA, and the VCCIO(3.3V)/ VCCAUX(2.5V) is 3A each. All capacitors are solid, even I used 2 Tantalum polymer capacitors (2R5TPE680MFL) for the core_voltage.

a simple USB-UART interface is also on board.





any questions are welcome.

PS: English is really not my native language.  

EDIT@2012/1/2:

By optimized mining script, Icarus now can mining quite stable and efficiency.


notice that worker 21and22 are 2X HD6870s@295MHs/card for compare.

long pool is supported by MPBM 0.04 and cgminer . mining chain connection is only support 2 FPGAs (1 board).

a better mining control logic and script is still under development, but present system really works well.

Icarus is a GPL open sourced project, all data about Icarus was public, include all SCHs, ISE projects, etc. this design in under the Hardware Design Public License Version 0.04.

This is the link:

https://github.com/ngzhang/Icarus

This products is highly recommended for fpga developer and hardcore minners.


pre-order price is 569$/each.
DEV kit is 69$/each.
80pin TE 1734037 and 1734099 connector is 10$/ pair. (no use for mining, just for DIY)

240pin DDR-3 DIMM connector is 5$/ each. (no use for mining, just for DIY)



payment accept:
BTC, by the dynamic exchange rate, no extra fees.
mtgox $, no extra fees.
LR account, no extra fees.
paypal , add 10% charge. (because paypal charges nearly 10%)
no amount discount and edu discount.


order details:

1, read and comprehend sections below:
    A: Icarus is a development platform, and it's a good evaluation board. i designed this hardware not only for bitcoin mining, but also for developers.
    B: I'm not good at software. so the original mining software is not good enough, so i suggest to use 3rd party miner instead .
    C: warranty for this product. before shipping, all boards test for weeks. and please test them in 48Hrs after you received them. if any hardware fault happened, you can send it to me and i'll repair it if i can, you only need pay the parts cost and factory cost and shipment cost.
    D: now, chain mode is not support, so a USB cable is needed for each board.
    E: additional @ any time.

2, the 2nd batch is over, and 3rd batch delivery may start at mid- Feb. ~ end of Feb..

3, each buyer can buy 5 boards at most. each board include a USB cable, standard cooling system(heatsink and fan), a 12V/2A wall adapter. boards are programmed and open-box can use.

4, DEV kit include a XILINX platform cable USB, a USB stick with XILINX ISE 13.2/ altium 10/ synplify 2011.03, modelsim 10, all with crack but use as your own risk, commercial use is  illegal in my country (but legal for personal use in my country )) .

5, shipment cost and tax is pay by customer. shipping is using EMS, you can inquire the shipping cost at China EMS official  site:

http://www.ems.com.cn/serviceguide/zifeichaxun/e_zi_fei_cha_xun.html

6, only first batch buyers enjoy a 10% discount. 512$/each!

7, if you want to pre-order, write an e-mail to:  ngzhang1983@msn.com   at any time.
    Chinese is the preferred langue, if you can not type chinese, please write it in simple english. any loses caused by mis-understanding will assume by you. in this email, give me your shipment address, i will check it for the shipment cost. please follow this format:

A: what you want, and quantity.
B: your address:
       name:
       company(optional):
       house number, street number, district:
       city:
       province:
       country:
       ZIP:
       TEL:
C: pre-order fee is 0 now/ each

i reserve the rights to choice my customers.

8, the hardware design file is released, so check it and buy it as your own risk. (check my signature)

9, the theory mining hash rate is 380MH/s, guarantied. but will lose some speed lie in network issues. at a good network connection, a real world hashing speed is around 375+ MH/s, and low stale rate.

10, new miner code and software code will release @ github.

11, 1st and 2nd batch boards are all shipped out!

12, small orders payment is BTC or LR or mtgox$. Paypal is supported too, but will cost a extra fee. bulk orders ( >1000$ ) i suggest use wire transfer.

13, before shipment, Icarus has already write a original firmware in its config flash rom, this firmware can be updated using a xilinx platform cable and impact software.  i'm very happy to see third party firmwares and additional components .

14, shipment require a paid in full. if you has doubts ,please use paypal. or "alipay" (some thing like paypal and origin in china ).

15, if you send me a pre-order email, but don't receive a reply in 24H, there must be some trouble on the mail system, i'm  in china ,you know. so please give me a PM.

16, 12V/2A adapter is really enough now. and a 12V/3.33A adapter is prepared for the future.

ADD@1/19

a simple GUIDE for the new firmware and miner. notice that all 2nd batch boards shipped out with the new firmware.
1, download and install python 2.7

http://python.org/getit/

2, install serial / jsonrpc / curses lib into the python27/Lib folder. if you can not find them on the internet , please email me, i will give you them via email.

3, download and install the USB_UART driver, it's PL2303HXD:

http://www.prolific.com.tw/eng/downloads.asp?id=31

4, edit the miner.bat and start to mine!


ADD@1/28

some proposal of heat control.

the boards and standard cooling system is tested under the ambient temperature of 23 centigrade. if your temp is over 30 centigrade, an additional cooling is recommended. an airflow pass the whole board is a good choice.

notice the power module is very heatproof, but the FPGA will generate error data when they reach a high temperature. a simple method to sense if the temperature is touch the back side of the PCB, just under the FPGA chip. notice before do this you need a electro static discharge.
if you can not hold your finger at  the back side of the FPGA for 3 seconds. then a additional cooling is needed.
the FPGA chip uses whole PCB for heat dissipation, so an airflow passing the PCB is more important than the fan above the heat-sink.


Icarus communication protocol

this specification is for anyone who want to write their own miner or want to add support for icarus.

this device is designed as  "the simplest is the best" idea.
the FPGAs on board or even in chain mode (under development) , act as a single miner to the uart port. when the board connect to a PC, it recognized as a ttyUSB device, or "COM*" on windows PC.
how to operate:
1, no detection is needed (no special command for this).  
2, sending work data:
  each data packet is 512bit (64 byte) length. the format is : 256bits MIDSTATE + 160bits fill bits(can be any value) + 96bits data (last 12 bytes of block header). over.
3, sending back the results:
  if the fpga found a valid nonce, they will send back the 32bits nonce result immediately. no any query protocol is implemented here.

so a simple work process is described below:

send a work pass the COM port, start a timer and a listener on the COM port.
if any data send back by the COM port, then this is a valid nonce. push a new work to the FPGA and send the result back to the pool.
if no data send back in 11.3 seconds (a full cover time on 32bit nonce range by 380MH/s speed), send another work.

some point:
1,FPGA will start the calculate when you push a work to them, even they are busy. that means if a block has been found, the miner could push a new immediately to overlap the old work in the fpga.
2,the 2 fpgas on one board will distribute the 32bit nonce to calculate. one will calculate the 0 ~ 7FFFFFFF, and the other will cover the 80000000 ~ FFFFFFFF. so if you want to do any performance measure on this device, please notice this feature.
3,FPGA will stop work when: a valid nonce has been found or 32 bits nonce range is completely calculated. notice that it's possible for 2 FPGA both find valid nonce in the meantime, the 2 valid nonce will all be send back.

ADD@2/2/2012
3rd batch is going smoothly. the production will start around Feb.14, and the shipment will start around Feb.20. maybe sooner or later.
due to lack of spartan-6 LX150 FPGA chips, order a large quantity of FPGAs take a longer time.
all other components are on their way and will on my hand this week.
i delayed some bulk orders, so if you just order for a few boards, you will not be affected. the shipment date will around Feb.20
i will inform you when the boards are come out, if you pre-ordered before. in order to simplify the ordering process, I decide to cancel the pre-order payment flow for small quantity orders . I just start the production, and you just need to pay once after the final test, when the boards are ready for shipping.

ADD@2/15/2012
sorry every one. my plan is start and finish the production today (100+ boards only need 1-2 days for production), but one of my spartan6 package(120 chips) stuck at the customs until now, it should be in my hands the day before yesterday.
i contact with my supplier and they sad the pack will arrive my home around next Tuesday.
so it looks like our plan must delay for about 1 week.

I am very sorry for the delay caused by force majeure. Embarrassed

ADD@2/18/2012
3rd batch production start today. SMT is over, and the DIP soldering needs 2 more days. at my request, i got 5 of them today, and will test them tonight. 3rd batch have some BOM change.

ADD@2/20/2012
5 boards running happily.

ADD@2/29/2012

i already send out mails to any pre-order BEFORE 2/5 . shipment is over today.

i will start to process pre-order after 2/6 soon.

may additional @ any time.
543  Other / Archival / Re: Pictures of your mining rigs! on: November 09, 2011, 04:57:21 PM


OK, the day finally comes.

maybe the world's first public FPGA mining cluster system? or maybe the largest now?

6X Icarus mining borad (12X SX6SLX150) @ 360M/board. 2.16GH/s -peak/total.

power consuming: 115W (MAX) on the wall.
544  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: FPGA ghetto mining / hunting for fpgas on ebay on: November 08, 2011, 05:50:53 PM
If you guys just need a "cheap" FPGA platform for personal development, WITH OUT "open-box-can-use" mining code, that's really an easy case.
545  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Minimalist Spartan6-LX150 board on: November 08, 2011, 05:02:24 PM
Why aren't there any pcie cards with only a few fpgas & some power converters on it?

That would be the most cost effective solution as modern fpgas have native pcie endnodes and pcie even has a jtag interface built in. All we need is drivers, a 2 layer pcb and a panel sheet to mount it.

Why use PCIE interfaces? USB1.1 is much better.
546  Bitcoin / Mining software (miners) / Re: BTCMiner - Open Source Bitcoin Miner for ZTEX FPGA Boards, now 190 MH/s on LX150 on: November 06, 2011, 09:07:52 PM
Would you mind using your arithmetic on other venders development board? certainly follow the GNU license.

Why should I do this?

I mean: "Would you mind if somebody using your arithmetic on other venders development board? certainly follow the GNU license. "
547  Bitcoin / Mining software (miners) / Re: BTCMiner - Open Source Bitcoin Miner for ZTEX FPGA Boards, now 190 MH/s on LX150 on: November 06, 2011, 03:16:33 PM
Very awesome on the 190 achievment.  Is that primarily a chip limitation or is it possible to get any higher with good cooling and highly 'clean' power?  I.e., 88% PSUs, voltage regulation, and commercial grade ventilation?

It's a limitation of the bitstream (i.e the implemented design) and the FPGA.

'Clean power' does not help since core voltage quality is defined by the on board regulators, not he external voltage.

Standard cooling (with heatsink and fan) is more than sufficient.

The only thing that may help is to 'overvolt' the FPGA from (e.g. from 1.23V to 1.26V) by replacing one resistor.




Whould you mind using your arithmetic on other venders development board? certainly follow the GNU license.
548  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Ultra-Low-Cost DIY FPGA Miner - 175MH/s @ $1/MH on: October 26, 2011, 04:48:54 PM
What software did you use to generate that?  Doesn't look like fpga_editor...

PlanAhead.. it's OK, but I do miss fpga_editor

We should start an FPGA screenshot thread.. I'd love to see what ArtForz's 195MH/s design
looks like..

-rph


it looks like MR. Zetx generated a nearly 200M design.....

3input adder
549  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Ultra-Low-Cost DIY FPGA Miner - 175MH/s @ $1/MH on: October 12, 2011, 05:32:13 AM
That's a cool dream and for $100k you could get a lot more than 30GH/s from a spartan6 cluster

Even though Xilinx is playing hardball on price, we can at least get the "everything-except-Xilinx"
costs waaay down. And there is a lot of hard work going into this. I think 2012 is going to be awesome
for FPGA mining..

-rph



agree.

And these maybe come to a huge business.

I wondering about the fpga mining system venders' competition will lead fpga mining to which direction. All know the fpga mining performance is highly related with the mining code. Approx all the guys who working with fpga mining systems put at least half effort on the mining code, and hide the code. The hardware seems not important on the contrary.
good or bad?
550  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Ultra-Low-Cost DIY FPGA Miner - 175MH/s @ $1/MH on: October 09, 2011, 03:02:51 PM
ztex, big-chip-small-board, and the fpgaminer product are the best options ATM for fully assembled/tested HW

-rph


Those guys are all really on to something for the end users; but for people like myself, who have at least some hardware knowledge and feel confident taking risks, I would gladly pay you for comprehensive build guide.

+1

im good @ soldering, and confident in hacking stuff
but building something this complex without a guide? no can do Cheesy

i bet that a build guide would sell pretty good

good @ BGA soldering? pretty good.
551  Bitcoin / Mining software (miners) / Re: BTCMiner - Open Source Bitcoin Miner for ZTEX FPGA Boards on: October 08, 2011, 06:29:37 AM
Excellent news!

How does MHz translate to MH/s?

Is it roughly 1:1 or 2:1?

1:1, i.e. 187 MH/s

How about the power consuming @187MH/s?
552  Bitcoin / Mining software (miners) / Re: BTCMiner - Open Source Bitcoin Miner for ZTEX FPGA Boards on: October 03, 2011, 05:52:08 PM
marked
553  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Why can't we group buy fpga and get a discount? on: September 30, 2011, 06:48:06 PM
I'm still interested in a group buy..

What are you guys thinking for the exact part #.. xc6slx150-3fgg484c? Or -2?
And does the -3N even exist?

-rph


Here -3N  is much expensive than -3C

I don't know Y.

I use -2I.
554  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Spartan6-LX150 board for $250 -- gauging interest for mid-Oct ship date on: September 28, 2011, 02:57:43 PM

In my opinion, none of company will take part in any mining ASICs.

Not specific for bitcoin, but SHA256 has other uses. VIA has CPU's with hardware accelerated encryption functions, and I thought recent (or upcoming?) Intel chips did do. They are no match for GPUs but it shows its already done. Also when I google "SHA256 chip" you find among  others, this:
http://www.s2cinc.com/product/pd.asp?id=278

I have no clue how that performs compared to our GPUs, or even if its usable for bitcoin mining, but I would be surprised if there werent chips out there or coming that could be used for bitcoin, even if they are not designed for bitcoin.

there are some tiny difference between standard SHA256 hashing and bitcoin hashing. So ...
555  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Spartan6-LX150 board for $250 -- gauging interest for mid-Oct ship date on: September 28, 2011, 01:43:47 PM
ngzhang, I am pretty much clueless about hardware, so I am interested in your views.  Don't you think that if a large-scale enterprise were to get into this, they would be more interested in making a custom ASIC than an FPGA?  How substantial do you imagine the power/speed gains could be for an ASIC over a GPU?

In my opinion, none of company will take part in any mining ASICs. If they have enough resource to tape out an ASIC, I'm sure they will design a another project, not for mining. As a single person, we can behaviour by interests, but a real company can't.

And answer your question, 1/10 cost, 10X performance, 1/10 energy consumption, on a single ASIC. AT LEAST.
556  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Spartan6-LX150 board for $250 -- gauging interest for mid-Oct ship date on: September 28, 2011, 03:46:53 AM
I just find .. claims of the death of GPU mining to be naive & frustrating.

I've invested a lot of time into FPGA mining. Here is my thinking:

If GPUs remain the dominant technology, difficulty will adjust to make them barely profitable in average-electricity-cost areas of the world.
I don't think anyone really disagrees with that, it's an intentional design decision in Bitcoin.

Once that happens: GPUs in high-elec-cost areas (like me) will be unprofitable. FPGAs will be profitable everywhere operationally
[in terms of BTC produced minus electricity/cooling/maintenance costs]. So they will eventually pay for themselves,
unless Bitcoin collapses entirely before then, screwing over all miners. It might take 2 years, but that is still a pretty decent ROI compared
to FDIC savings accounts, the stock market, treasuries, etc.

This is true even if, say, 28nm or 20nm GPUs are driving the difficulty. My 45nm FPGAs will still have better MH per watt, so they will
still be profitable operationally.

If FPGAs become the dominant technology, difficulty will adjust to make them barely profitable in average-power-cost areas of the world.
GPUs will then be wildly unprofitable everywhere, except for people that somehow have free electricity
[which I think is a tiny fraction of the network].

I actually hope that GPUs remain the dominant technology, while I mine on FPGAs, with a nice, high profit margin.

that still only gets FPGAs to ~$2/MH installed.

$1/MH is possible today if you build the boards yourself, or professionally in qty 100+

I suspect most miners see their hardware investment as sunk cost, leaving the electricity bill. FPGA's already have better MH/Watt and I suspect that gap will grow as the software matures.

Exactly. The decision to keep a GPU running, or shut it off, is not based on some breakeven calculation you did when you bought it.
It's based on whether it's making or losing money, today, based on current difficulty + elec/cooling costs.
I stand by my statement that if FPGAs take off, they will certainly put most GPU miners out of business,
and capture a large percentage of the coins left to be mined.

-rph


In a short time, 1.5$/MH will come true by some "low-manufacture-cost-area" of the world. by my troth.
Because the FPGA mining system is really not came to a big business, so I think profession groups still not join this game. In fact, miners are still a very small group. At this time, most of people making hard work on FPGA mining system maybe really for their "love". Their technique and effort surely could make more money in other filed.
557  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Spartan6-LX150 board for $250 -- gauging interest for mid-Oct ship date on: September 27, 2011, 07:34:25 AM
I need a kit i can plug in and mine. The total package. When you can offer that (with enough hash rate), i'm sure that people will buy.
Indeed.
I am with these guys..  I am no electrical engineer..  but I can plug in a psu Smiley

You have a good point.  But to flip that around, on the GPU side it's taken as a given that you're going to buy your hardware from a company (ATI) that does not provide the mining software (or even admit it knows what bitcoin is).  But I understand that while gamers have seen GPUs before, most bitcoiners are encountering FPGAs for the first time.  They aren't scary; they're just obscenely flexible... "enough rope to hang yourself with."

I could, perhaps, put together a turn-key solution, although it would involve a lot of effort.  My two major concerns are:

1. HDL developer guilt.  It makes me slightly ill to see posts like ngzhang's "hey you lazy-ass HDL developers make your code faster so I can make MOAR PROFITZ!!!".  I'd feel queasy about selling a "solution" that bundled in somebody else's hard work.  I don't know the exact details of the fpgaminer/ztex dispute, but I can certainly empathize with the initial reaction from fpgaminer.  It would make me really happy to be providing low-cost boards to people who are interested in tweaking/tuning/improving the HDL code, but I think I've figured out now that there aren't as many of those people as I'd thought.

2. Support.  I'm happy to help out here in a casual message-board-member way.  But I'm kinda worried about lazy users buying a "turn-key" solution from me and then demanding that I hand-hold them through the whole process of configuring Xilinx's crapware drivers on their Windows host box (I haven't used Windows in almost a decade) under threat of posting negative reviews of my product ("did not work for me").  I definitely can't sell the boards for $250 if I have to budget in my own time spent on extensive tech support work.

Anyways.  Looks like the first run will be small personal-use-only, but there may be another batch of boards in November after I've figured out if it's worth taking this to the next level.

Here we have a team working hard on the HDLs, but unfortunately, it's really a extreme difficult work.
558  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Ultra-Low-Cost DIY FPGA Miner - 175MH/s @ $1/MH on: September 27, 2011, 05:09:44 AM
Some more details on the FGG484 BGA assembly:

Supplies
-------------
1. IR thermometer rated to 260C+ such as http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B002YE3FS4
2. Electric skillet, like the one used in this Sparkfun tutorial: http://www.sparkfun.com/tutorials/59
3. No-clean flux syringe, such as Digikey SMD291-ND
4. Soldering iron [to pre-wet the PCB]

Calibration
---------------
1. Place an unpopulated PCB on the skillet, near the edge, directly over the burner coil.
2. Set the skillet to max.
3. Aim the IR thermo at the center of the PCB's BGA footprint and record temperatures every 15-30 seconds, as it heats to ~250-260C.
4. Plot the temp in Excel and compare with the IC mfg recommendations.
For Spartan6, that's http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/application_notes/xapp427.pdf.

If you're lucky the skillet will produce a good temperature profile on its own. The $20 Target skillet I bought 3 years ago
is almost perfect - just set it to max, and it will reach 250C after 4-5 minutes with a small PCB. It meets all of the Xilinx
guidelines, probably better than some professional assembly equipment. If it's way off, you might have to let everything cool down &
repeat a couple times with different setting. Or buy an MCU/Triac reflow controller. You don't have to match the temp profile
exactly, but obviously, the closer the better.

Assembly
---------------
With the profile set, I followed the prep instructions here: http://www.fpgarelated.com/usenet/fpga/show/39160-2.php
and monitored the FPGA with the IR thermo. Once the top of the case reached ~250C (~4 mins in)
I turned off the skillet, and used a fan to cool it down to ~100C over 4 minutes.



Checked it for power supply shorts, hand-soldered the bypass caps, then wired it up the LPCXpresso,
and it downloaded right way.

Sooner or later I will probably lose an FPGA through this process. But my bet is that it won't happen
often enough to justify the ~$50 per BGA fees for low-volume professional assembly.

-rph



LOL!
559  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Why can't we group buy fpga and get a discount? on: September 27, 2011, 05:03:32 AM
AVNET is SHI.T, I repeat, AVNET is SHI.T
560  Bitcoin / Mining / Re: Spartan6-LX150 board for $250 -- gauging interest for mid-Oct ship date on: September 27, 2011, 05:00:15 AM
Once more miners start posting success stories and pictures of stable, large, $1-2/MH FPGA rigs,
the demand will follow. Anybody buying today would be a super-early-adopter.
(Which I guess makes ArtForz a super-super-super-early adopter...)

It's a huge PITA to build and cool a 100 GPU rig, but a 200-300+ FPGA rig is no problem in a tiny apartment.
Without dummy monitor plugs, $500 of molex<->PCI-e cables, 50 ATX power supplies, and all the other non-wife-approved stuff.

Once there are enough FPGAs on the network, difficulty will increase and GPUs will become unprofitable or barely
profitable for anyone paying for cooling + electricity [probably most people with more than 4-5 GPUs]. It's a self-fulfilling prophesy.
Live or die, make your choice  Cool

-rph


These situation will or not come to truth depends on YOU HDL programmers and custom FPGA board venders.
My DUAL spartan6-SLX150 board for development will small-lot on offer in 1week. I think a 400MH/s perboard(200 per FPGA, and certainly MUST with yours MAGIC bitstream) hashing speed with a price less than 600$ will attract more people turn to FPGA mining.
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