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341  Local / Deutsch (German) / Re: Localbitcoins macht den Laden dicht. on: February 09, 2023, 11:31:42 PM
Ach Schade! Hab zwar schon seit langem nicht mehr auf Localbitcoins gehandelt aber die Platform war Teil meines Einstiegs in die Bitcoin-Welt.

Ich glaube auch oder bzw denke ich das es nicht nur an dem Cryptowinter liegt oder gelegen hat , eventuell ist da mehr dahinter.

Die zunehmende Regulierung wird die Sache sicher nicht leichter gemacht haben. Kann auch sein, dass sich das Publikum einfach zu sehr verändert hat. Teil des Grundes warum ich damals aufgehört habe auf Localbitcoins zu handeln ist, dass die Tradingpartner mit der Zeit immer unzuverlässiger wurden (kurzfristige Absagen, etc). Aber vielleicht gings auch nur mir so.
342  Economy / Games and rounds / Re: SINBAD MIXER February Bitcoin Price Prediction Challenge on: February 09, 2023, 01:39:50 PM
Prediction 1: $21,769,-
bech32 address: bc1qwvnm4g4jfjg5nr0pzu9mxdyu865f24nc0dckhv
343  Local / Trading und Spekulation / Re: Der Aktuelle Kursverlauf on: February 06, 2023, 11:07:48 AM
Demnach würde uns der Bottom noch bevorstehen, dauert aber mit Sommer diesen Jahres nicht mehr allzu lange. Habe die Prognose, dass der Bärenmarkt erst Mitte diesen Jahres seinen Tiefpunkt findet, auch schon mehrmals gelesen jetzt.

Ein Rücksetzer ist meiner Meinung nach nicht unwahrscheinlich, aber mit einem tieferen Boden würd ich nicht mehr rechnen.
344  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Should BTC amounts greater than 10.000E be declared when leaving the country? on: February 06, 2023, 10:53:48 AM
Second example would be a Rolex watch, sure you can try to get from one country over to the next one with the latest submariner on your wrist, but if caught, you'll get in trouble again since it's not that hard to spot a submariner.

The required customs declaration discussed in this thread only refers to cash and cash equivalents. A Rolex (or similar luxury product) does not fall under cash equivalents.

I don't think there's any other rules under which you'd have to declare it at all (being an item intended for personal use), though depending on the item more specific restrictions may apply. Unless of course you're wearing multiple Rolex watches, at which point customs will presume that you're importing them and certain taxes apply. But that's still unrelated to the declaration requirements for cash and cash equivalents.
345  Other / Meta / Re: QR Code Forum Avatars? on: February 03, 2023, 02:19:21 PM
Apart from things like 2FA codes or private keys, I would only scan a QR code on a website if I'm on desktop and would like to open a link specifically on mobile for some reason (e.g. for downloading an App).
346  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: Why difference in 6 blocks is enough to think the transaction is secure? on: February 03, 2023, 10:19:52 AM
Isn't 6 confirmation an outdated method? In most cases, as far as I know, 3 confirmation is a safe bet and some websites even use something like confidence factor where they calculate via some methods the probability of double spend.

There is a rule of thumb saying that it is extremely unlikely for a chain reorg to be 6 blocks deep. The six blocks rule of thumb comes from the math in the white paper and an analysis in a very old post here somewhere.
Has it ever been 5 block deep? 4 block deep? And what will happen if chain reorg will be 6 blocks deep? Will the 6 block criteria just grow or can it turn into a huge problem?

It's at everyone's personal discretion after how many confirmations they deem a Bitcoin transaction as settled. A small online shop will have a different risk profile than a large online exchange. I think most exchanges still require 6 confirmations before allowing trading and withdrawal, while casinos tend to allow gambling after 1 confirmation but require a few more confirmations for withdrawal.

The deepest re-orgs were 53 blocks in 2010 and 24 blocks in 2013: https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/92974/what-is-the-length-of-largest-known-reorganization-in-bitcoin

I'm not aware of any other major re-orgs happening since then, but back in 2017 during the fork wars, most exchanges highly increased confirmation requirements for the minority forks like Bitcoin Cash. IIRC it was in the order of 24, maybe even as high as 100 confirmations on some exchanges. This was due to high hashrate fluctuations and a subsequent lack of reliability in transaction finality.
347  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: NFTs in the Bitcoin blockchain - Ordinal Theory on: February 02, 2023, 05:59:53 PM
Sure, the blockchain doesn't care, but in a maximally free situation, the NFT people would 'win' in the sense that it may only be worth paying high transaction fees (due to high demand for these JPEGs) to send around either expensive NFTs or large Bitcoin transactions. It may not be worth it / profitable anymore to use Bitcoin as an everyday currency.
Don't underestimate the NFT market; while we think it is ludicrous and stupid, there is a lot of money in it. Money that may make the Bitcoin blockchain unusable in favor of becoming a platform for JPEGs.

So I do understand both sides, but lean towards the 'keep it payment-related' side. We already have payment networks on Bitcoin that are easier and more scalable to extend (e.g. for adding JPEGs). Besides reducing blockchain usage by their very existence, instead of increasing blockchain usage (which is precisely 'NFTs on the Bitcoin blockchain' are doing).
We should encourage reducing blockchain usage if possible, so this stuff here seems like a massive step-back.

I also lean towards the "keep it payment-related" side, but the way I see it, if NFTs become commonly used on the Bitcoin blockchain -- and I mean long-term, not just as a fad -- that, to me, is a completely valid use case, even if I personally don't see much in it.

Maybe it's my rose colored glasses, but I still believe that colored coins / NFTs will eventually find meaningful use cases -- arguably colored coins already have, in the form of stablecoins and even ICOs, if they weren't so scam-ridden. And while NFTs are in my opinion currently little more than a philosophical exercise, exploring the ownership of intangibles, I do think they might become the building blocks of something bigger once the hype around digital collectibles has subsided. That doesn't mean that the Bitcoin blockchain is the right place for this, but if a few rich kids are willing to pay premium for the clout of owning an NFT on the OG Blockchain, so be it. Might be annoying in the short term, but like I said, I have doubts that it will stick. In the end there's only money in NFTs as long as someone else is willing to pay for it.
348  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: NFTs in the Bitcoin blockchain - Ordinal Theory on: February 02, 2023, 01:56:39 PM
This is terrible news for Bitcoin is bitcoin just following the pack of shitcoins now by allowing NFT's and data on-chain...

When it comes to blockchain bloat this is mostly a rehash of the OP_Return discussion we had in 2013/14. The projects back then did bring something new to the table by enabling things like Tether and early proto-NFTs. Their impact can't be understated, regardless of whether one likes these projects or not.

Either way, my worry is limited. On-chain minting of oversized NFTs isn't really sustainable given a strict enough blocksize limit.


Just goes to show the importance of a healthy fee market though.

Or the importance of designing your blockchain so that transactions can include no more free data than what fits in a past lockheight (between 2 and 3 bytes).

Yes, it's going to be interesting to see whether there will be a "fix" for this, assuming it becomes necessary. If this becomes a problem it will not be easy to get the miners on board though, as it is in their interest to have the blocks as full as possible, regardless of whether they are filled with monetary transactions or other data.
349  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: NFTs in the Bitcoin blockchain - Ordinal Theory on: February 02, 2023, 11:58:36 AM
Yesterday someone decide to create an NFT[1] which has size 3915537 bytes with 0 tx fee[2]. I can't believe pool Luxor (which mine that transaction) would rather mint an NFT rather than earning more Bitcoin from tx fee. They even made tweet about it[3], where the response isn't positive.

[1] https://ordinals.com/inscription/0301e0480b374b32851a9462db29dc19fe830a7f7d7a88b81612b9d42099c0aei0
[2] https://mempool.space/tx/0301e0480b374b32851a9462db29dc19fe830a7f7d7a88b81612b9d42099c0ae
[3] https://twitter.com/LuxorTechTeam/status/1620921129287430144

Oof. Imagine we'd get rid of blocksize restrictions like some folks would have us had a couple years ago. Someone would have probably added the Lord of the Rings extended edition by now. If not via Taproot, then by using some other means.

Either way, nice stunt, I guess? Just goes to show the importance of a healthy fee market though.
350  Economy / Collectibles / Re: [FREE RAFFLE] Betnomi Cold Wallet - 7 round 🦊 on: February 02, 2023, 08:50:13 AM
64 - HeRetiK

Thank you! Smiley
351  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Should BTC amounts greater than 10.000E be declared when leaving the country? on: February 01, 2023, 07:06:17 PM
Quote
You must declare the following only during physical cross-border transfers to or from an EU country:

Casino plaques, chips and vouchers, digital currency and gold exchange-traded products


I wonder what "during physical cross-border transfers" means. Does that mean like some speculated in this thread, that it applies only to paper wallets and such? A mobile wallet or passphrase paper could however also be viewed as "physical". [...]

Note that digital currency may not necessarily mean cryptocurrency.

Either way this probably won't get properly defined until there is precedent. After all there's a huge spectrum of "physical transfer". Physical coins? Paper wallets? Hardware wallets? Software wallets? Your brain storing memorized passphrases? In practice the ability to effectively execute regulations stops at physical coins and paper wallets. No way for them to know how much a hardware or software wallet really contains. Or your brain. Or the book that you're carrying with you that has seemingly random words highlighted with marker.

Still a pity that they thought of vouchers. There goes my plan trafficking McDonalds coupons for fast food arbitrage.


In a justice court, you will win by saying you respected the EU rules instead the local ones.

Depends. The EU delegates the practical implementations of these rules to the local governments. What you then would have to do is prove in court that the state laws are breaking EU law which may not always be that easy but could be a fun exercise. Though I doubt that any of the local customs law are in conflict with EU law, as otherwise someone would have already sued. Someone always does.
352  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Should BTC amounts greater than 10.000E be declared when leaving the country? on: February 01, 2023, 05:31:32 PM
As for the law, and I'm sure we all have the same. It concerns cash, cheques and alike, prepaid cards, and gold (no problem with silver or diamonds, :p)
Bitcoin is not concerned by this law

I've got bad news for you, I'm sorry Sad

Equivalent means of payment are e.g.:

  • passbooks
  • precious stones (rough or cut), e.g. diamonds, rubies, sapphires or emeralds
  • gold in the form of
    • coins with a gold content of less than 90%
    • gold bullion in the form of bars, nuggets or nuggets with a gold content of less than 99.5%
  • other precious metals, e.g. platinum or silver

No talk of cryptocurrencies or other intagible assets though.

(also no problem with gold in the form of powder, foil, coins with a gold content of more than 90% and gold bullion with a gold content of more than 99.5% :p)
353  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Should BTC amounts greater than 10.000E be declared when leaving the country? on: February 01, 2023, 11:41:52 AM
I don't think you have to declare the contents of your Bitcoin wallet. After all it's not different from having access to a bank account with a balance in excess of EUR 10,000,-.

It is also worth noting that when shares and securities are mentioned as "cash or equivalent assets" that have to be declared, they are referring to the physical certificates. Otherwise folks would have to declare their investment bank accounts.

I think they might be able to make a case if you were to carry physical bitcoins or paper wallets. But arguably even that would be on shaky grounds unless the material value exceeds the 10k. (ie. you can sell a physical security only once. You can cash out a cheque only once. But if you're kind of a dick you could sell the same paper wallet to multiple, unsuspecting buyers and even empty it out afterwards)
354  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Tax Avoidance Possible legally with Bitcoin? on: February 01, 2023, 11:16:55 AM
Say if someone owns 10 Bitcoins which is not declared and government doesn't know about it (earned/mined etc but did not buy)  and now that someone want to avoid paying tax on cashing it out. Can he simply move to countries where there is 0 tax like (UAE) specifically dubai and setup a company there and cash out crypto over years in dubai bank account and later decide to move to his home country with all that money. Since dubai has 0 personal tax and his home country can't charge tax on it because of non-resident of home country. Is this possible?

From what I've heard anecdotally, if you are or ever have been a US tax payer, the IRS will continue to hound you for a looong time, even if you change residence and become tax liable in another country.

That being said, if you're serious about tax optimization I'd recommend getting in touch with a professional tax advisor. As pointed out by FatFork, taxes, especially international taxes, can be very complicated, will vary from case by case and can come with a bunch of pitfalls that you don't want to fall into.


I think this sums it up, correctly. Since I became interested in the subject I see that there are several forms of tax avoidance, legal as you rightly point out. One of the ones I have seen most mentioned is the creation and sale of NFTs. It seems that cryptocurrencies open a whole new world for tax avoidance, and I am surprised that it has not been discussed more in the forum.

I'm pretty sure that the tax games and money laundering (the real kind, not the kind of "money laundering" that Bitcoin has been accused of in the early days) that NFTs enable are an open secret at this point; with people just keeping their mouth shut about it for fear of normies and governments catching wind of the effectiveness and trying to combat it.
355  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: Timed delay cancel transactions on: January 31, 2023, 02:59:09 PM
Some wallets do actually already have this. It's possible at least in bitcoin core and electrum to sign a transaction and store it locally before broadcasting it later on (the difference is you don't hit broadcast, and in case of electrum you hit preview to save the transaction in your wallet history).

Once saved, it's also easy to delete those records from wallet history too.

So it is possible could this be implemented  into a hardware wallet

You can use most hardware wallets (at least Trezor and Ledger, not sure about the others) with Electrum as user interface, so you can already store transactions locally without broadcasting them, even with a hardware wallet.


Also, I would like to see a white the recipient could see there is going to be an incoming amount. Also a time delay. He can also see that as well.

That, you can't. Not in a trustless manner. Though you could, for example, prove that you have the required amount by signing a message with an address that has sufficient coins. Alternatively you could go through an escrow, though that of course requires trusting a third party.
356  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: NFTs in the Bitcoin blockchain - Ordinal Theory on: January 31, 2023, 02:47:00 PM
Quite interesting, I'll have to read up on it a bit.

From the get-go there's two things that bother me though:

(1) Blockchain bloat, since the non-transactional data payload is now only limited by blocksize, rather than OP_RETURN

(2) It would be seriously detrimental to privacy and fungibility


(1) is a discussion that has been around ever since OP_RETURN has been used to store non-transactional data on the Bitcoin blockchain and since this case is no different I'm going to skip over that one.

(2) is in my opinion a bit more serious. While it is addressed in the BIP I'm not quite sure it's quite that simple. For reference:

Fungibility: Ordinal numbers reduce the fungibility of Bitcoin, as ordinals received in a transaction may carry with them some public history.

As anyone can send anyone else any sats, any reasonable person will assume that a new owner of a particular sat cannot be understood to be the old owner, or have any particular relationship with the old owner.

I disagree that this objection can be that easily dismissed. Right now, each satoshi is the same. Sure, blockchain analysis exists, but there's nothing to distinguish one satoshi from another on a technical level. Some addresses may be more suspicious to exchanges than others, but in the end a satoshi is a satoshi. Even governments and their regulatory apparatuses know that, so while they try their best to work around these limitations they still accept it. Have to accept it.

They won't once we provide tools to assign every single satoshi a unique identifier.

Though it's pointed out in the BIP that Ordinals are "opt-in", this optionality is unlikely to prevail once governments catch wind of this and start making it a requirement. First for exchanges, then for businesses and eventually for consumers. And while "any reasonable person will assume that a new owner of a particular sat cannot be understood to be the old owner" it won't prevent the average Bitcoiner from entering a world of bureaucratic pain whenever a satoshi non grata ends up in their wallet. If you think it's frustrating to be immediately suspect by taking care of your privacy by using a coin mixer, just wait until Ordinals become commonplace.



357  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: NP-hardness in lightning's fee structure on: January 30, 2023, 04:46:45 PM
Quote
Accordingly if the choice is between setting the percentual fee rate or the base fee to zero, setting the latter to zero is much more viable.
Yes, but it is also important to monitor routed amounts correctly. Because if it is simply "amount/1000", then it may turn out that sending 999 millisatoshis many times will allow routing some payment for free.

Min HTLC can be used to prevent that and I've seen it set to >= 1 sat for almost every channel these days; presumably in part for this very reason. While this limits the routing of millisatoshis, allowing for even smaller amounts to be kept as transactions fees should be comparably easy to solve by the time that denomination becomes of practical relevance.
358  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: NP-hardness in lightning's fee structure on: January 30, 2023, 03:37:47 PM
it's possible to set the rate to zero and the base fee to >0, right? that should make path finding using such nodes even less complex

[...]

The problem with that is that it would be disproportionally more expensive for smaller transactions, which arguably are the main selling point for LN. That is, while e.g. a base fee of 10 sats would only be 0.01% for a transaction of 1 mBTC it would be a fee of 10% for a transaction of 100 sats. Large transactions are also harder on a channel's liquidity so undercharging large transactions relative to small transactions is not in a node operator's interest. Accordingly if the choice is between setting the percentual fee rate or the base fee to zero, setting the latter to zero is much more viable.
359  Economy / Games and rounds / Re: Fun, fair and transparent BTC giveaway ! on: January 29, 2023, 12:55:03 PM
Username : HeRetiK
BTC addy : bc1qwvnm4g4jfjg5nr0pzu9mxdyu865f24nc0dckhv

Thanks for the raffle and good luck everyone! Smiley
360  Bitcoin / Hardware wallets / Re: Why doesn't every hardware wallet support two-factor seed phrases? on: January 28, 2023, 09:38:47 PM
https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Seed_phrase

[...]

The password can be used to create a two-factor seed phrase where both "something you have" plus "something you know" is required to unlock your bitcoins.

[...]

These days two-factor is usually referring to the usage of a separate device in addition to a password, with "something you have" being e.g. a mobile phone with an app or a dedicated hardware dongle and "something you know" being the password. The reason I'm pointing this out is because there is (was?) a way to set up two-factor (2FA) wallets with Electrum, but this requires the involvement of a third party which I wouldn't recommend. Just a heads up so you don't mix these things up.


2. Do modern hardware wallets like the Ledger Nano S Plus, Nano X, Trezor, etc. already support applying a password to seed phrases? Is it just a feature that's hidden and not promoted that much?

Trezor used to mainly advertise this feature as a way to hide wallets. They actually still mention it as a security feature on their homepage too. Not sure why Ledger doesn't seem to advertise it as much.


If a passphrase is not present, PBKDF2 does not use an empty string. It uses the word "mnemonic" in the case of BIP39, or the word "electrum" in the case of Electrum.

I just looked this up because I found it interesting. The word "mnemonic" is prepended regardless of whether an additional passphrase is defined, so if you use the passphrase "satoshi" a strictly BIP39 compliant wallet will use the phrase "mnemonicsatoshi".

Code:
@classmethod
    def to_seed(cls, mnemonic: str, passphrase: str = "") -> bytes:
        mnemonic = cls.normalize_string(mnemonic)
        passphrase = cls.normalize_string(passphrase)
        passphrase = "mnemonic" + passphrase
        mnemonic_bytes = mnemonic.encode("utf-8")
        passphrase_bytes = passphrase.encode("utf-8")
        stretched = hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac(
            "sha512", mnemonic_bytes, passphrase_bytes, PBKDF2_ROUNDS
        )
        return stretched[:64]
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