As mentioned above you need firmware that ignores the voltage/frequency written into hash boards, but keep in mind that most custom firmware out there are either scam or charge higher fees than advertised, stick to Vnish (AwesomeMiner/Asic.to) or BraiinOs.

Did you buy it used? I think I remember someone saying the frequency and voltage settings are probably stored in the EPROM of each hash board, so there is a chance that this board was taken from a different miner, I don't think this causes any issues, the reboot probably comes from something else, but if you want to fix it you could use the fixed frequency firmware version if that does not work you might need a custom firmware.

Why do you use BFGMiner anyways?

Phill gave an excellent explanation of what is happening right now, but the long-term causes are plenty, the most important and most ignored fact is that price drop does not lead to negative mining returns.

People have this narrative that all miners are mining at close to break-even which isn't the case, when price drops, all miners earn less, but the majority don't go into a loss zone right away, and of course, miners would settle for less profit.

Those who go into the negative territory will stop mining but their gears won't disappear, they will change hands and that's all about it, this is one of the reasons why the difficulty chart isn't moving in a vertical line and it does pause, correct and continue up.

One would say, but will some gears die and thus won't be reallocated, while that's true, many gears don't die for good and they are fixed, so just like the above, they disappear for a while and come back online in a different shape or/and a different location, also since most gears that die for good are usually pretty old, and thus their hashrate is low which makes their disappearance hard to notice if 10,000 *S7s die today, who cares?

The second factor would be the efficiency improvement, if the technology reached its peak and nobody can make more efficient / cheaper gears than what we have now, eventually we will get to the point where price drop will really affect difficulty, but until then - it's not going to happen.

What people should understand is that many, many people have free or super cheap aka almost free power (my self included), I will never ever turn off a mining gear because it isn't profitable, why? because it can not be "NOT" profitable, it either dies on me or I would sell it, the latter, of course, will fall under the reallocation group which only affects the difficulty for a few days or weeks.

And then you have those people who mine for a loss,  yes there are a bunch of people who mine for a loss, some do it thinking price will go up in the future ( you can argue that they should directly buy bitcoin rather than doing that but they have all different reasons not to agree to that logic), there are also people who mine to launder their money or to own bitcoin without having to use their credit card because it's illegal/expensive, and of course, some people want "fresh" bitcoins.

I can write another hundred lines of reasons why difficulty goes up while the price goes down, but I think I have mentioned the ones I think are most important.

Now that is the reason why the price goes down while difficulty does not, the other scenario of why the price goes up and difficulty doesn't keep up, it's simply because money moves faster than mining gears by a few orders of magnitude, a rich guy like Elon can tweet something positive about bitcoin or drops a couple of billions into bitcoin and price goes up 10% in a day, 10% of the total hashrate right now is 16EH, that's the equivalent of 145,454 S19 pros,  that number of gears is impossible to manufacture in a day, even a week or perhaps a month, even if Bitmain had an unlimited supply of money they will be bottle-necked by something else.

This is pretty strange, all your 9 chains seem to find 18 Asics and they should work perfectly


You have an issue with chains 2,9 and 10, the strange thing is that they are on different hash boards, you might be able to revive these chains with custom firmware using different voltage/frequency settings.

It's usually 5 and 4


OP has a problem with fan 5 which is usually the exhaust fan by default but should be tracked easily to know which fan is bad.

Ebay is probably one of the safest places to obtain mining gears, but you pay for the "safety", finding gears in other places would be a lot cheaper, and of course, you pay for it with a chunk of risk, while the majority of miners resllers are scammers, legit sellers are there, one should spend a bit of time trying to source a legit seller rather than paying 30-40% extra just for safe trade.

OP, if you don't mind telling me where are you located, I might be able to recommend trusted sellers in your area/country.

Yes you can, the problem with the stock firmware is that it only feeds the board for a short while ( a few seconds), and then it stops when it doesn't find all 63 Asics, there was a diagnostic firmware floating around back in 2018 which I can't seem to find now, that firmware had a "test" mode in it which keeps feeding the chips so you can measure the voltage, so you are going to need that firmware.

I also think using custom firmware like Vnish (Asic.to / Awesomeminer) and then using the auto-tune function will give you a lot more time to measure the voltage, so you can try that as well, keep in mind that every domain has its normal voltage readings, make sure you check the manual posted above for more details.

You are probably not doing anything wrong, this is a very common problem with all Bitmain 17 series gears, these boards break really easily and it's hard to fix them, if your supplier really fixed it then they probably didn't solder/glue the heatsink well and it lost contact again, of course, this assumes he is honest in the first place.

There isn't something you can do about it unless you are familiar with electronics and have the tools needed, ask him for a refund or perhaps send it to a repair center nearby, where are you located?

Anybody's thoughts on this are irrelevant, we have 11 years of real data publicly avaiable:




Difficulty only goes up despite the fact that bitcoin was in a downtrend for almost 5 years combined, they last from 5 months up to 2 years each, difficulty couldn't care less, of course, it does not go up in a straight line but you get the picture.

These trends will keep repeating for years to come, for many obvious reasons which are not within the scope of your question.



it is straightforward, if difficulty doubles your new rewards are cut in half.

It is unlikely to be the fans, it is either heat issue or one of the hashboards is bad, try to unplug chain 8 and see if it stops rebooting.

What do you mean by goes off? Does it shut-down entirely or does it restart? Please explain.

Have you checked the documentation page? this shouldn't be hard to set up or else it really needs improvements in terms of the user-friendliness, monitoring tools are usually 1-2 steps of clicking "next" and then entering in IP range to scan for miners and all your miners that have active APIs and could connect will show up.

The pool no longer has a server in Germany, only one in the U.S, however, o_solo_miner has a passthrough located in Germany


108ms is more than good, there is nothing to worry about.

This section is BTC only and thus it's ASIC-related questions only, but the answer is there is no problem with that either.

In what world do they sell S19 pro for 7.5k? well if you can source them for 7.5k you can make a fortune by reselling them without having to go through the trouble of making a boiler whatsoever, the S19 pro spot price in China today is 13.5-13.7k, to get 5 hash boards you need 13.5/3*5 that is 22.5K for hash boards ( ya you end up with an extra PSU and a control board but that's irrelevant to the case in hand).

So 22.5k + 9k for the heater that is 31.5k, I am not arguing it's a lot or is it worth it, I am just commenting on the verse you mentioned about staying poor, a poor guy will not even think about buying your system.


There is no "last" moment, do you believe in unicorns? those and timing the market have so much in common, your product is either profitable or it is not, the math is rather simple.

You take the mining process out of the equation and apply 1st-grade math, according to this website people in France pay about $60 a month to heat their houses in the winter, there are about 4 months in France where heating is needed, so that's $240 a year with the traditional heating system, so you walk up to that person who already has that system and ask them to pay $9000 which is enough money for 37 years.

Clearly, that guy's answer would be a no-no, so your next client should be someone who is interested in mining or making a profit rather than just saving money on bills.

That person would want the boiler to work 24/7 just as his normal miner would, so can this run 24/7 for 4 months? if it does - that person ends up paying the same bill, making the same bitcoin profit but saves $60 a month ( or whatever they pay to heat their house)


For this to work, the mining bill needs to equal to the heating bill, if at one point it isn't, then it won't work, it's like telling the tenant to pay $200 for a $100 bill so you can keep the $100, if the tenant knows his heating bill is $60 and you hit him with a $576 bill (based on 5 S19 pro hash boards that run 24/7 at 20 cents per Khw) they will either sue you or leave the house.

The investor will need to sell some or all of that bitcoin they made to pay for the difference between the $60 and the $576, if they made more profit than that, it's a win, if they made less, they would need to pay that using their own money, your boiler doesn't reside outside of the profit/loss territory, with this real estate investors example you make it sound like it's a free money printer which is not.

The investor will need to buy your boiler and keep the regular boiler, run some sort of a script that controls a relay or a contactor and it interacts with something like whattomine.com's API,  and then run something like.


They will also need to instantly sell the mined bitcoin or just enough to cover the bill, this will work great as long as the mining profit is great until it is not.

So again, really, this isn't for everyone, and your potential clients are very limited, this will make sense to the people who pay premium for heating, it will make little to no sense to those who pay a tiny bit of that $9000 you are asking for, but nonetheless, I admire your vision and the idea does have a lot of room to grow and expand, it just needs to be lower in price and fully automated.

As NFW mentioned, no port-forwarding is needed for mining, you may need that to directly access your miners over the WAN but that is a bad idea in the first place and there are better and more secured methods to access/monitor your gears, where I come from I'd say 80-90% of internet users are behind a NAT, we need to pay almost double the price to get a public IP, I don't know how things are elsewhere but my "educated" guess is that many if not most miners are behind a CGNAT.

Yes, there should be no problem at all, you probably didn't find anything on google because nobody bothered to talk about it because it is so obvious? mind telling me what could go wrong mining behind a CGN?

You can't possibly do that, you will need a large organization with unlimited funds to achieve that, there are thousands of links that lead to fake firmware everywhere, it's even worse now than when I posted the topic, so all we can do is educate people in this regards.

Personally I only trust the following firmware:

1- Stock (Bitmain)
2- Vnish (AwoesomeMiner and asic.to)
3-Braiin OS
4-Moded firmware made by fellow member thierry4wd

There are probably other legit firmware out there but the vast majority are indeed fake.

The above explanations are really good, but I do understand if confusion still persists. I'll explain it in a different manner, the pool knows if your miner can solve 1*1 it could solve 2*2, so every hash your miner submits is a possible valid solution to the current block the pool is trying to mine.

Since the pool needs to verify that you are actually doing some work and sending valid shares, it needs to validate them, validating every single share will be a waste of resources, so the pool will use what is known as pool difficulty to eliminate all shares below a certain threshold, by doing this it ends up with a lot fewer shares to verify, since the pool has the template it can tell if you were actually working on it or not, of course, based on the results you submit.

When I was explaining this to one of my friends he said if the pool needs to verify all submitted shares it pays for why not mine its own bitcoin? this is because it's a lot easier to verify a hash than to hash it.

if the hash digest is AAAA and you need a hash that starts with one zero, say you will start the nonce from 0 up (isn't how it's really done) so you will need to go
AAAA0
AAAA1
AAAA2
AAAA3
........
........
........
AAAA9 > 08c0e097e4728f628845d6d11fa0ab133725482cbd9f577b9ce994390b273f64   > you can try it manually here > https://emn178.github.io/online-tools/sha256.html

You need 9 hashes to get a hash that starts with a zero, your pool knows the AAAA, so it's kind of like you just tell them "9" gets you a 0, that would be easily verified by the pool, and then they add 1 share to your account so they would pay you for it later.

I quoted you both because you two have the same concern, don't worry about the timestamp at all, NO, you won't lose a block because your clock is half a minute late/early, you can even mine blocks with a timestamp in that past.

If block 100 is mined at 2:00 AM and you manage to solve block 101 with a timestamp of 1:50 AM, it will still be accepted, there are basically two rules for the timestamp of a block, it can't be more than 2 hours into the future based on your node network adjusted time, and it can't be lower than the median time of the last 11 blocks.

As for the online explorers, some might be showing the timestamp on which they received the block based on their own clock, some will show the timestamp that is in the block itself, clocks are never 100% synced so all this variation is completely normal.