Right. If bitcoin can survive the scorn and ridicule of a Brazilian professor, it can survive this little kerfuffle.
I don't know about bitcoin itself, but the bitcoiners' faith in it can survive anything.
This will just be used as ammo in the argument against larger blocks (rightly so, imo)
Indeed, it has already been used...
However the problem is not the block size per se, but miners skipping the validation of the previous block in order to save a few milliseconds. It is roughly the same reasoning that results in empty blocks being mined while the queues are full. Bigger blocks will make these "optimizations" more tempting, but they are tempting enough even with 1 MB blocks.
Ideally, the protocol should force the miners to validate the previous block(s), and take as many transactions from the queues as possible. Then the block size would not matter, for this issue at least.