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4081  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: HashFast announces specs for new ASIC: 400GH/s on: October 23, 2013, 12:12:15 AM
There shouldn't be any real issues with paralleling the power supplies, especially if they're the same series.
...
Getting custom cables made is more of a PITA to parallel things than you probably think it is though. It really is just easier to toss two PSUs in there.
...
Similarly, there's a huge difference in price and lead time with choosing the stock radiator dimensions that all the closed loop cooler vendors are using vs getting your own thinner and deeper one made. I really don't see an issue with their design, ...

Yeah agreed on all points.  Of course it has all been stated upthread but certain people are just here to troll.  

Quote
though I don't know why they don't just mount the intake for the PSUs on the inside and then exhaust through the back in typical fashion. Room temperature air has a typical heat capacity of ~34J/(ft^3*K) and a little manipulation gives ~1.75 °C*(ft^3/min)/W. Even if there were dumping 1200W into the case, it would only take ~200cfm to keep the air inside the case 10°C warmer than the outside air. That's well within the operating parameters of any half decent PSU.

crumbs was under the belief that using warmed cased air would somehow cause power supplies to fail.  It was pointed out they are DESIGNED to be used that way but facts tend to not work when people don't want to know.

Regarding the orientation of the PSU.  It is possible they can be flipped.  For non-rackmount conditions (or single open side rack) as pictured is optimal.   In datacenter environment flipping the PSU 180 deg would intake from the case and exhaust out the back (to hot aisle).

Like you I see nothing "wrong" with HashFast design.   It is a compromise between optimal design and speed of poduction.   Could one use high density server PSU (straight through airflow vs 90 deg in ATX style), a very high capacity back mounted radiator, custom pump, custom reservoir, custom wiring harness which results in perfect front to back airflow?  Of course they could.  It also quintupled the number of suppliers, the number of assembly steps and the number of potential places which can cause delays or failures.

Sometimes "realistically good" design using off the shelf components beats ridiculously optimized custom solution especially when production time is so sensitive.


Still it would be nice if HashFast can comment/clarify on the PSU orientation.  Despite what was stated off thread I highly doubt that the PSU are custom designed for reverse airflow.   It would be pointless, expensive, and time consuming.  Hashfast went out their way to use off the shelf components for everything else.  To then use some pointlessly expensive reverse airflow PSU makes absolutely no sense.   It has never been stated by Hashfast, it is almost certainly not correct but it explicitly clarified I am sure a certain troll will spam another 100 posts about it.
4082  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Can Bitcoin be decrypted? on: October 22, 2013, 11:22:25 PM
See, this is why I love this forum. Great answers, no trolling.

Appreciate it. So he also mentioned the whole Silk Road thing, and once they decrypt the wallet of Ross Ulbricht, it will mess up the BTC market. First of all, can they even break into his wallet? Realistically, what are the chances of that happening. Secondly, even if they did - I'm struggling to see how that could have any significant effect on the market - when there's almost a $2bn cap at the moment.

Well the only thing known is the FBI siezed the hotwallet. It only had a few days worth of revenue and because it is a hot wallet it wasn't encrypted.  If convinced those coins will be the property of the DOJ.

The rest of SR "profit" coins there would be no reason for the wallet to be on the server.   We don't even know if the FBI has the wallet, if they do and it has a strong passphrase then there is no decrypting it.   If it was a weak passphrase then they likely will be able to decrypt the wallet eventually.

Also just because the SR profited x BTC over the past 3 years doesn't mean they have a giant wallet sitting there with every BTC in profit.   Who knows how much of it has been spent.  Most people do spend money.   

Still none of this has anything to do with the Bitcoin protocol being broken, anymore than a bank robbery means cash has been hacked.
4083  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Miner's fee a barrier to mass adoption on: October 22, 2013, 10:40:04 PM
The current fee of 0.0001 is about less than 2 US cents.

Merchants don't need to insist on a fee. But merchants will insist on a confirmation.

The solution is to have a fee of about $1-5 per transaction.  Thus about 0.01 at todays rate.  You want to get all the bastards like satoshi dice from spamming the chain.  What you do is you have 3-4 major exchanges acting as wallets for petty cash.  You would need no confirmation and pay like 0.5% fee to them for every transaction. Thus you put a bitcoin on the exchange for .01 fee thus you have $200 in value on there.  From there you just buy and sell and the exchange get a small amount of additional revenue.  If the site goes broke or skips town you lose your $100.   However, they have the incentive to stay with their fee.

These exchanges could even use a common wallet thus everyone would be using the same wallet.  Sort of like cirrus networks. Everything would be full reserve so you would not have to be worried about them using your money for loans to losers.  This main wallet would only have an extremely small amount of bitcoin there and would be sent as needed to fill the needs of merchants that want to cash out into real bitcoin.  This is actually already being done today in many ways.

Higher fees is the solution not the problem.  If you buy a $20,000 car or house, a $5 fee is not a problem.

Congratulations you just invented banking.  When 3 or 4 clearing houses handle 90% of transactions it will be no different than banks today.   Bank fees don't HAVE to be high.  Credit Cards don't HAVE to cost 3%.  They are high because the banks WANT to profit on the backs of their users. 
4084  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Can Bitcoin be decrypted? on: October 22, 2013, 10:37:49 PM
Bitcoin isn't encrypted.   So that is the first clue your mate has no clue what he is talking about.

4085  Economy / Speculation / Re: The boat is long gone on: October 22, 2013, 10:01:14 PM
ITT.  OP believes any investment that doesn't turn $200 into millions in a few years = "not worth it".

4086  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: HashFast launches sales of the Baby Jet on: October 22, 2013, 09:51:28 PM
Sorry but you cannot use one variable to decide when these machines shut off.   Difficulty is important, but so is price.   At my electric rates, each TH/s of Avalons running are only using $218 of electricity per month.  My decision is very different at $50 btc than at $200 btc.

That is a good point but difficulty follows price so if you are the marginal miner (product of cost per kWh and rig efficiency) you are going to get squeezed out regardless.   If price quadruples so will difficulty eventually.   

I estimated some break even difficulties (electrical cost = value of BTC mined) in this thread:
https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=281279.0

Code:
Device        Process  Break Even Diff (mil)
-----------------------------------------------
GPU           various            60            
FPGA          various           400            
Avalon          110nm         2,400                  
ASICMiner       130nm         2,700                
BFL (SC)         65nm         4,200              
KNC              28nm        18,250              
Bitfury          55nm        23,300              
Hashfast *       28nm        25,100            
Cointerra *      28nm        25,100            
BFL (Monarch) *  28nm        25,100            
* Indicates devices has not shipped and efficiency based on projected specs

The break even difficulty is based on $100 exchange rate and $0.10 per kWh.  To adjust to other prices simply multiply or divide (i.e. for $200 exchange rate the break even difficulty would be doubled, for $0.20 per kWh power rate the break even difficulty would be halved).

Assuming price remains ~$200 the first interesting point is ~10B difficulty.  At 10B difficulty even with $200 exchange rate and $0.05 per kWh Avalon and ASICMiner gear is negative operating margin.  While miners might cling on for a while as difficulty moves higher and higher month after month even those "slowest" miners will get the picture.  Burning $100 in cash to produce $50 in value isn't particularly "fun".

At around 8B difficulty BFL rigs in high cost areas (>=$0.10 per kWh) will be unprofitable but we may see some secondary sales (high cost miners selling to low cost miners).  However by 20B or so no BFL rig will make sense without "free" power.  
4087  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: And if half of the miners turn off their hardwares ? on: October 22, 2013, 09:32:00 PM
Sorry, but no. The difficulty changes are capped at max 4x current difficulty and 1/4th current difficulty.

Good point forgot about that.  Fixed.
4088  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Are mining pools bad for Bitcoin? on: October 22, 2013, 07:31:55 PM
Yes, and it fucking boggles my mind that things like p2pool have as little volume as they have.  Fractional pay-per-share (or at least close, currently share is like 150K or something) and still decentralized... best of both worlds.  Why the hell doesn't everybody use it!?

Many ASICs don't play nice with p2pool. As an example KNC refresh work function is borked.  When new work comes in it is very slow to react and continues to hash on producing useless hashes.  Now on "normal" bitcoin when there is a work change every 600 seconds it results in a good 1% to 2% lost work.  p2pool essentially is causing a work change every 20 seconds so you are looking at 30% to 60% lost work.   Another way to look at it is for a KNC miner p2pool has a 30%+ fee.  Would you mine on a pool with a 30% fee?

It doesn't HAVE to be that way but until ASIC designers put some thought into latency p2pool is going to be a non-starter.  Beyond the ASIC incompatibility issue, even under GPU era p2pool "struggled" simply because it requires a little more thought, effort, and education.  Many miners are simply lazy.  They want a 1 button "free moniez" machine.  Hell some kept using the broken GUI Miners because learning cgminer was "too hard".  Learning to use p2pool?  Might as well ask them to learn Latin.
4089  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: 512 qbit quantum computer is here... on: October 22, 2013, 06:14:48 PM
Do you really think they're going to get this amazing world's first quantum computer and go, yep lets use it to destroy that Bitcoin thing? Even if it was powerful enough to do that. They'll use it for important stuff like spying on our own citizens, developing better ways to kill things, and supporting the military industrial complex answering scientific questions that have never been answered before about physics, space etc.

FYPFY but no I don't think  Bitcoin will be a high priority
4090  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Consequences of operating as MTL if operation outside of the USA on: October 22, 2013, 06:10:31 PM
As for what can the federal government do to foreign entities with absolutely no assets in the US .... as much as they want.
Really? Shocked It looks insane that U.S. authorities can seize any property around the world! What, for example, Uncle Sam can now accuse Russia for violation some regulation and declare Russia's oil reserves as U.S. property? Grin

Please at least try to read.  The OP isn't a sovereign nation, he doesn't have a seat on the UN security counsel, and he doesn't have enough nuclear weapons to wipe out the human race.  So comparing him to Russian oil reserves is kinda silly right?  

As a I linked to the Poker Black Friday entry it is involved non-US companies with non-US employees, operating on non-US servers with funds in non-US banks.  The DOJ working with 87 different host nations simultaneously froze nearly half a billion US dollars in more than 200 hundred bank accounts.  Not a single cent was in a US bank.  

No the US directly isn't going to go to war with a sovereign nation over assets (well sometimes they do that too) but:
a) the OP isn't a sovereign nation
b) the "long arm of the law" in the US is very long as they have agreements with more than half the nations on earth.
4091  Bitcoin / Mining speculation / Re: Once again, Holy difficulty jump, Batman!!!! on: October 22, 2013, 05:59:13 PM
Well then those ASIC manufacturers are morons for letting the money get away like that.  I'd have those ASICs pimping for me for 3 months each before allowing the people who paid for them to have them.

Makes a note to never do business with tmk225.
4092  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Cointerra Mining ASIC coming soon on: October 22, 2013, 08:33:05 AM
I still don't get it how come they didn't raised 5 mil $ while HashFast raised 20 mil $ (seems a bit much), Avalon had 8 mil $ for chips and KnC managed to raise more than 5 mil $.

Because of how late they were shipping. KnC had no real competition for units, other then Avalon clone makers, and they started shipping in September (supposedly).  HashFast was supposedly going to ship this month (What's going on with them?) And Cointerra isn't supposed to ship until December.  Look at a graph of the difficulty and it's not hard to guess why they're selling fewer units.

Well KNC said "end of Sept".  HashFast said "end of Oct"  Cointerra said "end of Dec"  that is just SHA-2 industry talk for the next month so:

KNC - Oct
HashFast - Nov
Cointerra - Jan

The rest of it is on point.  Cointerra was/is simply too far out.   Trying to predict hashrate 30-60 days out if tough, trying to do it when 4 competitors will deliver product after you buy and before you receive is essentially impossible.

4093  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Cointerra Mining ASIC coming soon on: October 22, 2013, 08:14:49 AM
+1.  20nm doesn't offer much over 28nm (30% speed increase, more density or less power - read TSMC's page on this).  28nm will be the standard for most of next year I think, if not longer.  

I think youve misunderstood the benefits of 20nm....  maybe you didnt understand so i will repeat it on each line...

1.  If it gets you 30% speed improvement... (all your hash engines go faster)
2.  AND it gets you 1.9x the density (double the number of hash engines)
3.  AND its 25% lower power (probably means more hash engines can be used without hitting thermal limits)

So we're talking quite a bit of potential speed improvement (and benefitting from lower power) at the same cost per die as 28nm.

If people can double the number of hash engines, AND, get 30% speed increase, AND have lower power... all from a die shrink, then thats three reasons to consider using it... outweighed by the huge cost of another NRE...  but if they can amortise that nre cost over enough chips made...

Also, i think everyone who has made silicon will find optimisations they can make...  whether they be circuit improvements, or relaxing the timing... (theres a trend in some of the designs to introduce gate closure timing errors to eek out faster hashing rates with some error allowance)... im not sure this concept wins much, but we'll see...

The bolded part is the fatal flaw of your logic.  Fabrication price per wafer @ 20nm is about 5x the cost as 28nm right now and it will be years before it hits cost parity.  The industry rule of thumb has been 2 years but (see NVidia slide at bottom) that has been slipping and the time before a new node reaches parity is taking longer and longer.  

However today lets assume all the fab marketing brochure-ware and give you the theoretical max of 30% higher speed and 1.9x density.   1.3 * 1.9 = 2.47.  So each wafer has 2.5x the hashing capacity which sounds great until you realize the nominal cost per wafer is 5x higher.   As a result you end up with 2x the cost per GH.   In reality you likely are going to get less, at more cost and with more potential delays, complications and risk.  When you consider lower yields, and the new higher NRE costs which have to be ammortized, the lack of preorder apetite and the fact that your product will be unattractive from day 1 conservatively you are looking at triple the cost per GH/s when comparing your state of the art 20nm tech to your 28nm competitors.   They can just set prices below your marginal cost and force you to sell at a loss or end up with mountains of expensive chips that nobody wants.

There will be no die shrink below 28nm in 2014.  It will be 2016 (maybe late 2015 and that is optimistic) before 20nm is cost competitive with 28nm.   Heres a hint.  AMD and NVidia have no 20nm plans yet.  That is how uneconomical it is.  These are companies which move MILLIONS of wafer starts a year, command the lowest marginal price, and an in a never ending battle to eke out a performance gain over the other.   They likely will extend another half product cycle at 28nm.   Don't point out Intel.  Intel owns their own fabs and plays their cards close to their chest.   Intel isn't a good benchmark for the rest of the industry.   For example 2012 was the first year TSMC had high volume cost competitive 28nm wafers ... Intel went full scale production on 22nm in 2011.  

Quote
And for 14nm, whenever thats available... the differences are even greater.

Sure .... eventually.   14nm high cost product will likely ramp up in 2016.  If it takes 3 years to achieve cost parity well you are looking at 2019(ish).  Given the need to offset NRE, and the sluggishness TSMC and other have had in getting new tech up to speed lets just call it an even 2020.

4094  Bitcoin / Development & Technical Discussion / Re: And if half of the miners turn off their hardwares ? on: October 22, 2013, 05:44:52 AM
When I posted this question I was thinking more about the possibility of If at this moment there is already 50% control over the network, with some obscure government agency owning the majority of ASICs. I'm just imagining a scary scenario, not being a real thing.

I also still do not understood the real effects on the calculation of the difficulty when occurs an increase or decrease in hashpower on the whole network.

Assuming that 50% of hashpower is exactly 50% of the difficulty or have any variation  For example, with 50% more hashpower we have only 10% more on difficult or have an equivalence of 50% == 50% ?

Assuming that an increase in hashpower might (this is a question) rise exponentially the difficulty then when removing this extra hashpower no others will be able to meet the demand to complete a block, even in years ?

Thank you for the patience.


No.  There is a perfect linear relationship between difficulty and hashrate.

If 50% of hashpower shut off (for whatever reason) then the time between blocks would rise to ~20 minutes and 0-4 weeks later the network would adjust and the time between blocks would fall back to 10 minutes.

If 75% of hashpower shut off (for whatever reason) then the time between blocks would rise to ~40 minutes and 0-16 weeks later the network would adjust and the time between blocks would fall back to 10 minutes.

If 90% of hashpower shut off (for whatever reason) then the time between blocks would rise to ~ 100 minutes and 0-20 weeks later the network would adjust and the time between blocks would fall to 25 minutes* and then 16 weeks later it would adjust again back to 10 minutes.

If 99% of hashpower shut off (for whatever reason) then the time between blocks would rise to ~1000 minutes and 0-200 weeks later the network would adjust and the time between blocks would fall to 250 minutes* and then 50 weeks later it would adjust again to ~60 minutes and then 12 weeks later it would adjust again to ~15 minutes ....

On edit: * network difficulty adjustment capped at 1/4 and 4x.  Of course rules can be changed and is Bitcoin is "stuck" there will be significant consenus to adjust the difficulty either as a one time change or a more adaptive difficulty algorithm.


There is no probable scenario where even a malicious removal of hashpower would result in block time taking a year or more.   1 year = 87,600 minutes.  10 minute target = 8,760x larger.  1/8,760 = 0.014%.  It would require 99.986% of the network to shutdown overnight.   Since no single entity owns 99.986% of the network, hell no contininent has that much we likely are talking an extinction level event (i.e. 99.986% of nodes go offline because they no longer exist due to an asteroid impact). Smiley

4095  Bitcoin / Hardware / Re: Cointerra Mining ASIC coming soon on: October 22, 2013, 05:34:51 AM
Going off topic a bit here... But in 2014, the bulk of the sales of bitcoin hardware will be those products that are low cost, high performance and low power.  Ie: Complete Systems (not chips) selling for <$3/GH in early 2014, <$2/GH in mid 2014, and probably even <$1/GH by end of 2014 (assuming a die shrink to hit that figure).

There will be no die shrink in 2014 and probably not in 2015. 
4096  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: 512 qbit quantum computer is here... on: October 22, 2013, 05:28:24 AM
I know would be willing to bet (even money if anyone is interested) that I won't see a commercial fusion power plant in my lifetime.

How is that a useful bet for you to make? You have to die to win!  Cheesy

Nerd life insurance policy?
4097  Bitcoin / Legal / Re: Consequences of operating as MTL if operation outside of the USA on: October 22, 2013, 01:26:17 AM
Which means that Mt Gox and most other exchanges are not compliant either, despite being registered with Fincen. The question was, what can an individual state do about it?..

Probably true (although I don't like blanket statements on complex law).  Still you are missing the point.  It isn't what can an individual state do.  Non compliance with a state makes you non compliant with the federal statute as well.  So you don't get an auto immunity from federal action.  

As for what can the federal government do to foreign entities with absolutely no assets in the US .... as much as they want.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Scheinberg

For the record I am not saying DOJ will came after you or that they will even know you exist.  However it is dangerous to assume you are compliant when you aren't.  If you intend to operate non-compliant you should at least internally be aware of the risk.
4098  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: What will happen when the 21M bitcoin will be minned on: October 22, 2013, 01:21:36 AM
It will take us more then a decade to mine 21M, so who knows.

More like a century but who is counting?
4099  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Miner's fee a barrier to mass adoption on: October 22, 2013, 01:19:25 AM
The problem with the fees is that they'll go up as the price of BTC goes up, so even though it's a few cents right now the fees could end up rivaling CC fees someday. 

The min mandatory fee has gone down four times as the value of BTC has risen.  Today (in BTC terms) is is 1/1000th of what it was originally.
4100  Bitcoin / Bitcoin Discussion / Re: Miner's fee a barrier to mass adoption on: October 22, 2013, 01:18:42 AM
i personally i find the fee system a bit of an unrequired feature for atleast a decade or two. the block 'reward' is more then enough... for now

Many miners will include "free" transactions.  The client however enforces a min mandatory fee on LOW PRIORITY tx.  There is no min mandatory fee on HIGH PRIORITY tx.  This rule is important as an anti denial of service mechanism.  It limits the amount that a malicious user is able to bloat the blockchain at no cost.  Without it one could simply send a tiny amount of BTC from one address to another and ensure all blocks are "full" continually.  Higher paying tx would get through but the attacker at negligible cost could ensure all blocks are "max" size.  Even with the 1MB "limit" that would still make the blockchain to date excessive large.
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