most EV cars represent roughly 75kwh/300mile(25kwh/100m)

so your math of 39 miles is 13% of the 300mile thus 9.75khw for 39mile

so if you are suggesting a cost of $5.83 for 9.75 KWH
then you are suggesting ~$0.60/kwh

where do you live ... hawaii? alaska? japan?

here in the UK they are not attempting a "fuel station" concept. they are instead just having charging points at supermarkets. that way while in a supermarket doing weekly shop (usually you waste 40 minutes deciding which meat, veg and desert you want for the week) you are also charging your car in that 40 minutes, which with a "super fast charger" completes a 80%+ in 20-30 minutes. thus gives you enough charge for 240+ miles per supermarket visit, whilst not feeling like you are just aimlessly wait. due to you doing other tasks for the week during that time

you are aimlessly pretending its a "users fault" if the network changed its unit measure..(THIS TOPIC)
the analogy i made was.. (if you were not ignorant you would understand)
if there was a more then one users using a software because a subnetwork or group demanded a certain software to be used. those rules of that software becomes the rules of that network/community.. which affect more then one users. where you are ignorantly pretending its ok to have malicious code because you pretend only one user would be affected

the point was if BITCOIN changed its units of conversion (the peg) from 100,000,000 to 100,000,000,000 it changes the rules for everyone!!

your silly inept thoughts that the LN analogy of its peg would only affect 1 users. is flawed again because it can and does affect many users and LN has no network security facility(it could but doesnt bother) to prevent such things. . as has the thor turbo flaw(you lot called "feature") affected many users.

you are really trying too hard to break bitcoin(this topic of changing bitcoins unit of measure) and then pretend its no harm that it breaks and then pretend only 1 user would be affected.. you are seriously misleading and very malicious when you try to undermine the security of bitcoin by pretending its of no harm by changing/breaking it

seriously you are ignoring the whole unit measure just to talk about a GUI thing(facepalm)

sorry but actually look at the units of measure at the data level of a raw tx/blockchain utxo value/block coinbase reward and how things would change

EG paying someone in bitcoin of 11 decimals. requires changing the transaction and blockchain rules to allow such unit accounting

now go and do some research and math on it.

and dont respond unless you can understand things like

GUI: 3.12500000
bin:10010101000000101111100100000
hex:12A05F20
dec:312500000

change to:

GUI: 3.12500000000
bin: 100100011000010011100111001010100000000
hex: 48C2739500
dec: 312500000000

where you can try to articulate the many things that break and change due to that change

leg-end
i understand your PoS adoration is the principle of "free money" where you want speculated value without any real cost upfront

we get it you dont care about security you just care about your personal greed

however PoW does provide security and the cost of that security then backs the coins value.

i know you want to have bitcoin cost at a penny per btc while speculating at $15k+ where you dream of your get rich quick scheme.. yes thats why you now promote a "new bitcoin pow thats anti-asic"

by now suggesting a new lower cost bitcoin PoW algo.. you are again not recognising the value of Pow. and also by changing algo just delays the competition where people just run multiple "rigs" to compete. causing the cost/value to rise again.. solving nothing over all
in short your dream of "the good old days of GPU mining coins for pennies" would last... 3 months before it changes to high competition high cost..

going to GPU just reduces the hash per kwh.. for a couple difficulty cycles(fortnights-months)
eventually people will just have multiple GPU where instead of 2m asics at 3KWH
people end up using 20m GPU at 300w each = yep easy math 2m 3kwh.. but with less hashrate meaning less security.. thus again not solving anything

asics solve things they make the hash per kwh more efficient.
yes if we lived in a GPU only crypto era.. you would be the one asking for ASICS to be invented to bring the cost per hash down(if you cared about security and environment)

..
we all know all you really care about is your malice and "missing the boat" that you cant mine a coin for pennies. and also be in the market for thousands

we know you want to "mine like its 2010" while "market like its 2021" and thats all you care about

soft or hard is not how OELEO/doomad pretends its terminology is (he thinks its a Tightening" vs "relaxing" rules thing) (facepalm)

both soft or hard can result in an altcoin creation. it all depends if users want to retain the reject/orphan blocks of a rule change.
both soft or hard can avoid an altcoin creation. it all depends if users want to retain the reject/orphan blocks of a rule change.

soft or hard both can create rejects/orphaned blocks.

both soft and hard are FORKS.. hint is in the name 'soft fork' 'hard fork'

the terminology from 2009-2016 was
a hard fork is a controversial change requiring majority users to upgrade to then support a change/reject out a change thats not wanted
where by a proposed change would need upgrading first to then activate a change when an activation can occur when deemed safe and supported
a soft fork is a change not requiring majority users to upgrade to support.
a hard fork can also present as someone forcing a different block of data that breaks a rule due to a bug in the rules. again requiring a upgrade to make said bug invalid if majority upgrade to invalidate the bugged blocks

in 2017 using (an admitted by core devs) bypass. by rejection before activation. changed the terminology where now certain people think everything is soft and no hards have or will or need to occur

should oeleo/doomad ever dare themselves to do the research on the past they would learn what occurs and know if one happened or not. but it seems by lack of knowledge of past they can only "think" "believe" things happened or not, the way they dream.. because the only insight they have is their dreams

hydrogen you skipped one economy of the bulldozers

you mentioned scrap metal which is pointless economy when it comes to transport cost of said weight

however. selling PARTS to other miners is lucrative
many miners in remote places pay premium for parts locally to them because the cost of parts shipped from manufacturer become 2x-3x value due to the shipping of remote locations.

there are many that would happily by 2nd hand bull dozers above scrap rate, just for their parts.

so instead of paying more to repair and source parts to make whole vehicles. just resell it on to a local miner as spare parts

---

as for crypto
doing an ICO/premine of a PoS is a "free asset" but then trying to finds buyers requires your ICO actually solving a niche/purpose

however having a ICO thats initially merge mined(free to mine via PoW) but has the underlying cost of mining there as a value indicator. which after date X is released as solo/pool mined separate from the initial 'merge mining' method(but still remains PoW). then presents a real underlying cost/value, by which those that dont want to mine it but still want the coin. will happily buy it at value/premium depending on the desire/ned of coin vs the cost/laziness factor of not wanting to mine it at X cost

so having a coin which has a predictable "difficulty jump" where its a known fact that it will cost more to mine it in the future presents a good deflationary asset.
however again the asset has to have novelty/utility to have some form of demand..

this was easy in 2012-2014 when altcoins were low in numbers. but now with thousands of altcoins, the choice is just too wide where no one cares to buy an altcoin just because its a coin. you need to seek a protocol thats PoW (value concept) AND fills niche/need(utility concept)

i personally believe in thrift (save up, then purchase) and i avoid instalments (loans stretching over time always having debt demands)

however
thrift only works with patience, a strict mindset to stay frugal, and timing. to be able to buy at the right price at the right time. to get the most benefit with least cost/savings length of time to afford said item later on

i do understand the instalment plan, meaning as long as the instalments are within the affordable range you can get your goods early and pay slowly after thus its  buy now pay over 7 months instead of save for 7 months buy later.
but with debt and interests.. if a Man C situation occurs during the payment plan. it can lead to harsher results.. and alot more expense trouble

where as man C issues with 'thrift' no harm is done and man C just has to keep trying for a few more months unharmed.

in short debt/instalments are for the impatient. where they risk trouble later if things do not go right

thrift/frugal work better if you have patience where no harm or harsh results or trouble later.
but you need to be saving upfront for things you do not even realise you need yet. so when the opportunity comes up or an event of purchase need arises. you can take that opportunity without worry of future harm

china did not lend to the US

the US lent to the US (BoA->treasury)
where the BoA held the loan agreements(bonds) and BoA sold those bonds to china, so that BoA can profit more from both sides (treasury interest and china purchasing)

decades ago china wanted these bonds because IF US did default. china then "own the US".. but they are realising that the US is not sticking to a debt ceiling for chinese dream to flourish, US is having a debt canopy(that grows) so china will never see a 'default' thus they are less interested in buying bonds

..
side note.
when china had the bonds, the US were finding silly reasons to sanction china so that china paid Us meaning it round-circled the situation where china were not even profiting from the interest of the bonds
..
other things are
when US made an agreement(bond) to get a few trillion in 2008 and 2020, that money BoA created and put into the treasury bank account went straight back out and into commercial banks hands(2008 crisis) and citizens/businesses hands 2020 stimulus) this money now say in commercial banks means the commercial banks holding trillions of bank balance(digitial) needed to ensure they had X% of total balance as bank notes to supply bank tellers(cashier desks and atms) with enough paper to meet daily demands

these commercial banks have to BUY bank notes at face value from the US mint. meaning the treasury then gets paid for creating said money

thus the commercial banks are now slowly paying back the government with the bank not purchasing.. yet when it comes to accounting. the treasury does not take this as paying off the 2008 crisis of commercial banks. and instead treats this as income to the treasury

in short the treasury is getting more budget to spend but not writing off some of the debts.
so the 31trillion "public debt" is artificially being held up high

..
next stage the reason is simple
if they clawed back this as debt pay offs. it would shrink the GDP. which is at simplest explanation just a rating system of meaningless numbers now to see which country is "in power"

the US want to remain number 1 so that china doesnt take first place ranking..
even though on all over measures of any real economics. china is #1 ranking of economic superpower.
(china inflated its GDP and debt and money circulation due to covid which is why the US had to further inflate its money supply in 2021-2022)
..
the other methods the US is doing to fudge the numbers of GDP of country rankings is simply by adjusting the forex exchange rate between Us/china to make china appear poorer.
even though if you rated countries by real economics. they are not as poor as presented. but becasue everything is measured in USD. it appears as though they are

covid 2020 caused alot of issues for truckers, many stayed home
also many people moved homes to different area's(less covid restricted area's) so needed more removal trucks
... so more truckers were recruited and trained

2021 saw more truckers, but a lessening of demand as the older truckers came out from covid stimulus pay offs to stay home and were met with the extra new recruit truckers

2022 saw fuel prices go up do goods were transported by rail instead of trucks
inflation saw truckers try to  demand more wage.
less people buying homes/moving homes

net result less truckers/trucks on the roads, more air/rail goods deliveries

meaning too many truckers and not enough delivery demand

..
in a few years we will see trucks doing static routes(one depot to another depot on a straight highway journey A-B) go driverless, but until then the rail system will take most of the shipping container deliveries between counties/states

oeleo
you really need to try one day to apply math., logic. code and data..

your silly narrative always lacks this

so i set you the challenge too

go look at block data of say the 2009-2012 first 210k blocks

actually look at the coinbase value at data level
note:
bin:100101010000001011111001000000000
hex:12A05F200
dec:5000000000

now. try to change these so that you get your "extra decimals"
oh wait you cant. they are in a immutible blockchain..

now lets pretend at the 2024 halving code rules changed where the block reward was no longer
(GUI view) 3.1250000
but instead
(GUI view) 3.1250000000
which would result at data level of being
a change of
bin:10010101000000101111100100000
hex:12A05F20
dec:312500000
but instead
bin: 100100011000010011100111001010100000000
hex: 48C2739500
dec: 312500000000

and see the results when you play it forward of how many shareable units there and how it has diluted the 2009-2012 first 210k block value of 10.5m to being considered as 105,000 "new bitcoin" mined in 2009-2012

and then i want you to work out how many halvings are then occuring compared to the hard rules invented in 2009.

and then i want you to count up how many shareable units will be created in total,

..
yes im calling you out to apply some math, logic and understanding. to actually look outside your dream box of GUI displays of "it doesnt matter" and look at the real impact at code and data level of REAL data and shareable units and change of the infamous "21m supply"

goodluck

dont reply with ignorance arrogance, insults or just avoiding the concepts of the differences between

GUI: 50.00000000
bin:100101010000001011111001000000000
hex:12A05F200
dec:5000000000
vs
GUI: 50.00000000000
bin:1001000110000100111001110010101000000000000
hex:48C27395000
dec:5000000000000

which cannot be changed due to immutible blockchain

versus
GUI: 3.12500000
bin:10010101000000101111100100000
hex:12A05F20
dec:312500000
but instead
GUI: 3.12500000000
bin: 100100011000010011100111001010100000000
hex: 48C2739500
dec: 312500000000

which can be change..
where you have been implying "nothing breaks, its insignificant, blah crap, insult, ignore it"

the way it worked was celcious was paying the monthly electric. via monthly contract payments. so that CORZ could accumilate coin and not sell at a loss. waiting for the price to rise cor the coin next year
or giving coin to celcius per quarter as their reward for contract

however when celcius stopped paying because corz were asking for too much in its contracts. and obviously celcius had issues with its own money.. thus unwilling to pay.
corz was not then paying its electric bill and then needed to sell coin at a loss to then pump fiat into the electric company to keep going a few more months.

you gave a very simplistic answer.
the real reason is corz didnt take the opportunity to relocate or upgrade to be more efficient. nor seek out new customers to replace celcius gap
 they just plodded along and asked for a loan multiple months back from their other existing customers(blackrock).. rather than asking blackrock to just buy more contracts
(obviously blackrock wouldnt just buy new contracts at higher prices so yea blackrock done a loan instead.. corz stupidly accepted that deal)

you are proclaiming "all mining" yet using a case scenario of one mining farm example of a inefficient farm that was not business savvi
i fully agree greedy companies that demand too much from customers will lose customers. i agree dumb companies that are not business savvi will lose money.

but that does not make the whole industry non-profitable. it just means too many dummies in the babies basket where all you can hear is the crying due to the dummies that get lost

i personally live in a nuclear power region... thank you, enjoy,
many mining pool locate themselves within 20 miles of a hydro or nuclear power plant and do deals with the power plant direct

(hobby miners using residential rate cant do those deals becasue they are bill payers that use billing agents, that are one step power from the producers)


no its not.
if you calculate the validators at a 300w PSU of a normal PC . vs coins.
and compare that the the old PoW mining. its about 95%

there 99.95% WAS a projection thinking there would only be like a dozen validators(they were only counting the main custodians, like coinbase and a dozen others)

in short ethereum PoW was about $900 underlying cost value with a $1.4k market (1.5x speculation) and now ethereum PoS about $45 cost value with a $1.2k market(26x speculation) if you add up all the asics vs validators respectively (and compare it to market price respectively)

separate the terms of
crypto the industry(businesses at the edges)
vs
cryptocurrency the currencies(plural)
vs
specific currencies of crypto(eg bitcoin)

yes businesses fail by not being business savvi and not knowing the cycles or purposefully ripping off their customers

some cryptocurrencies have no underlying value or market cycles and just pure random speculations

where as some like bitcoin do have underlying value and market cycles and fundamentals

to expand on what your saying

that $50 is fiction
its the pretend total industry amount from data thats sold and resold
in short your data is worth 0.00000412 to and end company and 0.10 to a data scraper and 0.05 to you ..(should they 50% profit share)

here is how it plays out
a data scraper gets data, its sold brokers and to eventually millions of companies and if you add on those resells down main layers of broker traders and add up the volume..
then it appears as being $50 complete market volume for your data point

the thing is scrapers dont sell direct to companies. they sell to brokers where broker then resell to companies where by if a broker says they have 500 companies wanting said data
the scraper would charge
0.000212 per data point
which if the scraper has access to say 500 brokers
nets the scraper 0.1 per data point

however
once those 500 brokers have it they sell that data on.. the first scraper gets nothing for it. thus the customer gets nothing

data is only valued at such a rate for NEW data.
for instance names and emails of people have been cycled so much its only worth $0.000004  per name+email

however if there was a NEW data point no one has ever asked or stored. for instance. how many times a man [used a breath mint and deodorant and wears a clean shirt on a date with someone they met on tinder]..

that would be worth $0.000004 to tinder.. and some other dating apps and some deoderant and breath freshner companies each

but not worth a combined $50 to the scraper

i read alot of people calling 2022 bad and negative
trying to find reason why they think crypto 2022 is outside of the norm for its period

i see it as the norm

just looking at the halving cycles end to end.
you see this

2010-2012   2012-2016  2016-2020   2020-2022

yep the green of the 2020-sofar 2022. is right where it should be

we are ~63% through a halving cycles and looking at the charts puts it smack bang in other cycles "low zone" for their periods

nope.. as said core scientific went bankrupt for other reasons

they were charging cloud mining customers over 10c electric rate, but looking at american rates they could have been located in many many many area's and got better rates

https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.php?t=epmt_5_6_a

their main thing was they got hit by the contagion. having celsius as a main customer who stopped paying, and they didnt bother to acquire new customers using good worthy deals. instead they waited for the money to go dry where electric bills were due and then ask their remaining customers to cough up more money as "debt"(a loan(blackrock))

they were not running a good efficient business* with a good business deal offering to customers.

also core scientific were adjusting prices every quarter which shows they were not playing the business savvi game of locking in great rates at long term contracts

they were literally mining at a loss with no coverage or care to try to go efficient, nor switch paths when their mining cost went above price.. (they didnt acquire coin from market when coin was cheaper to buy than mine)

*there admissions of their hashrate and power usage shows they were not efficient(it measures out as using 300k OLD asics of 105thash at 3.25kw)(no hardware upgrades for 2 years)
rating at: 32thash/kwh

2022 hardware is ~140thash for 3kw which rates at 46thash /kwh
they were at 66% hardware efficiency..

as for electric. many states had a rate of ~$0.06 which they could have locked in for 2 years. but were instead at a ~$0.10 rate.. meaning electric was also at a 60% efficiency

in total they were paying
10cents for 32thash
when they could have been paying
6 cent for 46thash

easy math is
they paid
1cent per 3.2thash instead of
1cent per 7.6thash
which shows a efficiency rating of under 50%

outside of america they could have got electric at $0.04
which if using efficient asics they could have got a
1cent per 11.66thash efficiency

but because they didnt want to relocate, upgrade hardware, negotiate electric, or acquire new customers, or buy coin when prices were cheaper than mining. they allowed themselves to sink into their own quicksand of doom

---

also as for the "bitcoin price boom every few years"
well thats not VC related. that the deflation at play.
every time there is a halvening a year later is a ATH. followed by a correction that then lasts a couple years before the next boom

---

also carbon taxes.. well if you are located in a region that uses renewable then carbon taxes are your friend.. if you mine in a fossil power region. thats then not your friend.. but it helps out the markets

---

leg-end i know you adore PoS ethereum. but here is the thing. its value at underlying cost is only $50 now as admitted by ether influencers themselves "energy saving of 95%"
so their price is hanging up high in a speculative premium bubble due to arbitrage game play artificially holding it up.

wait for the pin to drop and burst that bubble.. and the correction to occur, you have been warned

"core scientific" collapsed for two simple reasons

one:
its main customer was celcius who stopped paying their "contract" for cloud mining with core scientific(obvious reasons)

two:
core scientific was charging users at a hard ware breakdown that was fair, but an electric cost of over 10cents. which equates to a contract that costs more then the coin reward would give back. so people didnt buy it
..
however if you are mining for yourself the easiest hedge is..
price low.. buy dont mine
price high.. mine dont buy

that way you are always acquiring coin the cheapest way you can find

if you want to risk "hedging" or what others pretend is hedging but they actually mean leveraging
thats risky as thats just betting against the randomness of the speculative market by placing a bet on if you think it will go up or down
yep its gambling

the smart play is if you are finding the price is cheaper than mining it. then dont mine it.. buy it instead. put your electric bill money into buying coin. that way you are truly hedging against your mining cost by getting coin cheaper than your mining cost.

alot of the "high value" NFT
is where "business" sell to "user A"  (shh "user A" owns "business")
where no real money changes hands (its just A paying A)

and then A sells for real to another REAL user(b) for 99.999% less
thus appearing in "paper money"
(receipts show as a loss. between business-A-B on A's tax form)

however they need to be careful with their legal tax avoidance to ensure they dont cross the line of tax evasion

these attempts are not about getting a refund from IRS its about not showing profit to not have to pay the IRS

so in short.. no FTX cannot play this tax avoidance shuffle game to win any tax refund to get money to then pay ftx customers

if the amounts are considered as "money my grandpa put in my christmas card" dont worry too much about tax. no one cares

if its wage, lambo, mansion amounts get an accountant or just pay your tax. dont risk evading(illegal) tax unless you know the loopholes to avoid(legal) paying tax

different countries have different rules..
many will say only tax liable when funds are withdrawn as fiat.

a few people in this forum may mention some UK/US loopholes.

but they may not work in your country. so try to learn about tax if the amounts are equivalent to wage/income levels or more.

hard rule peg you forgot to include in your manipulate ignorance

now go check the blockchain data of 13 years of ACTUAL data!!!

i dare you to look at the data.. of actual decentralised immutable blockchain data.. and then change the peg and see the result of the value and the amount "COIN" that enters supply when you change the 100000000 peg

..
now once you realise it does change the halving events and total supply amounts by changing the peg..

then do yourself another learning experience favour
go read the blockchain data again.. and show me anywhere in raw tx form where "COIN" is shown on the blockchain

realise "COIN" is the human expression for human display at GUI level. its not actually a hard rule

the real hard rule is starting from 5000000000 units from genesis for 210,000 blocks then halves
and you will see this truth by looking at the actual blockchain data. not the bastardised visual aid math cludge of software developers playing mind games

stick to what real hard data shows and not some silly comment you read in some comment section mis representing the hard rules

last lesson. stop sounding like a doomad echo.. your not helping yourself or anyone.

---

dont even bother responding unless you can come back with answers about the raw data of bitcoin involving a 2009-2012 coinbase reward in either:
bin:100101010000001011111001000000000
hex:12A05F200
dec:5000000000

where you can actually articulate these answers in a way that changing the peg will not affect the answer nor change the conversational basket terms of "coin" "btc" form, nor change the number of halving events nor change the total supply of sharable units

and do not respond just to sound like the drama queen hysterical insults i usually hear you repeat from doomads selection of insults.. just so you can avoid doing the research

in short do the research and learn something and come back with proper researched and calculated response of actual data

black hat

there is no 21m hard rule at the real protocol level, its a conversational thing of interpretation

there is hard rule but not what you think
much like the block time rule is not actually a 10min rule..
its actually a target of 2016blocks per fort night. which translates for human display/conversation as being a "10 minute rule"
do you get the difference between actual protocol vs human expression/display

and so the actual protocol is this:
5000000000 units starting from block1 for 210,000 blocks
which then halves
yep there is a half the number of units...

by which time in roughly the year 2140
there will be
2,099,999,997,690,000 units

where by then the units FOR human interpretation of visual aid/conversation
then calculates that to being units /100,000,000 =
1btc= 100,000,000 units where the human conversation/display becomes
"21m million btc rule"

how ever thats the human conversation. not the actual rule at data level

the unit * /100,000,000 is a peg that is something people for years deemed a hard rule and hard protocol thing that should not be broke because it changes too many things and devalues and breaks alot of things by changing it

i truly dare you to actually find a transaction anywhere on the blockchain where at true data level(not human visual manipulation.. but actual data level) where a block reward in 2009-2012 was just the number "50"

waste as much time as you like. or actually realise that things are not actually measured in bitcoins at rule/code/data level of the actual protocol

so dont confuse human display stuff of conversation with actual rules

breaking the peg of sat to btc.. is going to break alot of things

---

thinkig that changing the 100,000,000 beg rate of sat(smallest unit to btc) to different numbers is of no concern where you group of malicious malcontents think it harms no one but only 1 undividual is completely wrong too (yes im linking in the other network of same conversation to make a wider point)

if one group of users want it to remain 100,000,000 math and another group want 100,000,000,000
then when one side wants "1btc" for $16k from both sides

guess what they both send different amounts of sub units
or when one group sends out the same sub units to different groups thinking they are paying the same amount. guess what other wallets will see they received different amount of "btc" one being 1000x less than the other